Biomechanics of whiplash injury
Panjabi MM, Cholewicki J, Nibu K, Grauer JN, Babat LB, Dvorak J, Bär HF. Biomechanics of whiplash injury. Die Orthopädie 1998, 27: 813-819. PMID: 9894235, DOI: 10.1007/pl00003468.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsCervical spineHuman cadaveric specimensVertebral arteryWhiplash injuryWhiplash traumaInjury mechanismCadaveric specimensHyper-extension injuryC6-C7 levelEffective injury preventionLower cervical spineUnderlying injury mechanismClinical symptomsTrauma CTVertebral alignmentInjury preventionMRI scansInjuryWhiplashCapsular ligamentsFunctional radiographsSpineTraumaVulnerable phaseArteryMechanism of whiplash injury
Panjabi MM, Cholewicki J, Nibu K, Grauer JN, Babat LB, Dvorak J. Mechanism of whiplash injury. Clinical Biomechanics 1998, 13: 239-249. PMID: 11415793, DOI: 10.1016/s0268-0033(98)00033-3.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchCervical spineWhiplash traumaInjury mechanismVertebral arteryWhiplash injuryFunctional radiographyCapsular ligamentsC6-C7 levelCadaveric cervical spine specimensHuman cadaveric cervical spine specimensSpine specimensLower cervical spineWhiplash injury mechanismHuman cadaveric spine specimensCervical spine specimensAnterior injuryAnatomic alignmentCadaveric spine specimensCT scanInjuryTraumaLow levelsWhiplashBiomechanical studySpine