Featured Publications
“We’ve Been Here All Along:” The Collective Resilience of Transgender and Gender Diverse U.S. Service Members
Eleazer J, Marchant L, Kizewski A, Gross G, Warren A, McCubbin L, Lab T. “We’ve Been Here All Along:” The Collective Resilience of Transgender and Gender Diverse U.S. Service Members. Psychological Services 2023, 20: 382-396. PMID: 36355662, DOI: 10.1037/ser0000721.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsExperiences of oppressionIdentity-based violenceParticipatory research designGender diverse peopleMilitary serviceMilitary policyGender identityResilience factorsCollective resilienceDiverse peopleMinority stressorsOppressionSuperordinate themesTransgenderIntersubjective factorsService membersSurvival strategiesUnited StatesSocial rejectionResilienceMilitary-specific stressorsResearch designTroopsExperienceViolence
2023
Military Sexual Trauma and its Association with Mental Health Among Sexual Minority and Heterosexual Veterans in the United States
Webermann A, Merians A, Gross G, Portnoy G, Rosen M, Pietrzak R. Military Sexual Trauma and its Association with Mental Health Among Sexual Minority and Heterosexual Veterans in the United States. LGBT Health 2023, 10: s61-s69. PMID: 37754922, DOI: 10.1089/lgbt.2023.0074.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsMental health symptomsMilitary sexual traumaHealth symptomsHeterosexual veteransCurrent drug use disordersCurrent mental health symptomsCurrent posttraumatic stress disorderMultivariable logistic regressionDrug use disordersPrevalence of MSTMilitary characteristicsSexual traumaPosttraumatic stress disorderRepresentative web-based surveyHigh prevalenceUse disordersU.S. veteransWeb-based surveySociodemographic characteristicsSymptomsBivariate analysisLogistic regressionStress disorderMental healthPrevalence“The VA Was the First Place as a Trainee That I Felt Like I Had to Hide Many Parts of Myself”: Lived Experiences and Recommendations for Empowering Transgender, Nonbinary, and Gender Expansive VA Psychology Supervisors and Supervisees
Hashtpari H, Privat J, Vallario M, Gross G, Kishore S, Prelli F, Eleazer J. “The VA Was the First Place as a Trainee That I Felt Like I Had to Hide Many Parts of Myself”: Lived Experiences and Recommendations for Empowering Transgender, Nonbinary, and Gender Expansive VA Psychology Supervisors and Supervisees. Psychological Services 2023, 20: 239-247. PMID: 36892915, DOI: 10.1037/ser0000748.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsPsychology training programsPsychology traineesAmerican Psychological AssociationTraining programVA health care settingPsychological AssociationPostdoctoral levelsTraining directorsSuperviseesSupervision modelSupervisorsUnique needsGender identityTraining opportunitiesClinical supervision modelExperiences of transgenderHealth care settingsTraineesExperienceGender expressionProfessional experienceLived experiencePsychologyTransgenderTraining networkUnderstanding veteran barriers to specialty outpatient PTSD clinical care
Rozek D, Steigerwald V, Baker S, Gross G, Maieritsch K, Hoff R, Harpaz-Rotem I, Smith N. Understanding veteran barriers to specialty outpatient PTSD clinical care. Journal Of Anxiety Disorders 2023, 95: 102675. PMID: 36854224, DOI: 10.1016/j.janxdis.2023.102675.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsSpecialty outpatient clinicsPosttraumatic stress disorderOutpatient clinicPTSD specialty clinicClinical characteristicsMale sexPTSD symptom severitySpecialty clinicWhite raceClinical careClinical concernTreatment engagementSymptom severityStress disorderClinicGreater likelihoodVeteransSignificant minorityTreatmentImpact of demographicsMulti-faceted barriersCareFiscal year 2019DemographicsNational sampleThe Effect of Military Sexual Trauma on Competitive Employment Status Following Veterans Health Administration Supported Employment Services
Gross GM, Kaczynski R, Resnick S. The Effect of Military Sexual Trauma on Competitive Employment Status Following Veterans Health Administration Supported Employment Services. Psychological Services 2023, 20: 196-201. PMID: 35225642, DOI: 10.1037/ser0000635.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsMilitary sexual traumaVeterans Health AdministrationHigh-risk groupEffects of MSTMental health treatmentSexual traumaCompetitive employmentElectronic health recordsMST screenMedical comorbiditiesAdjusted analysisPsychiatric comorbiditySupported Employment ServicesMedical recordsTrauma-informed careMST historyHealth treatmentHealth AdministrationHealth recordsCompetitive employment outcomesLower likelihoodTreatment planningComorbiditiesVeteransTrauma
2022
Risk for PTSD symptom worsening during new PTSD treatment episode in a nationally representative sample of treatment-seeking U.S. veterans with subthreshold PTSD
Gross GM, Pietrzak RH, Hoff RA, Katz IR, Harpaz-Rotem I. Risk for PTSD symptom worsening during new PTSD treatment episode in a nationally representative sample of treatment-seeking U.S. veterans with subthreshold PTSD. Journal Of Psychiatric Research 2022, 151: 304-310. PMID: 35526446, DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2022.04.040.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsSymptom worseningRisk factorsSubthreshold PTSDPTSD symptom clustersSymptom clustersPTSD symptomsHealth care utilizationPTSD specialty clinicPoor treatment outcomesUnited States veteransBinary logistic regressionAdjusted analysisCare utilizationTreatment episodesRepresentative sampleSpecialty clinicSignificant symptomsTreatment outcomesSignificant worseningStates veteransSubthreshold symptomsEligible veteransNew episodesOutcome assessmentDiagnostic threshold
2020
Patient and provider barriers, facilitators, and implementation preferences of intimate partner violence perpetration screening
Portnoy GA, Colon R, Gross GM, Adams LJ, Bastian LA, Iverson KM. Patient and provider barriers, facilitators, and implementation preferences of intimate partner violence perpetration screening. BMC Health Services Research 2020, 20: 746. PMID: 32791967, PMCID: PMC7424651, DOI: 10.1186/s12913-020-05595-7.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsIntimate partner violenceImplementation preferencesIntimate Partner Violence PerpetrationPartner violence perpetrationIPV experiencesProvider barriersPartner violenceQualitative interviewsViolence perpetrationVHA healthcareVeterans Health Administration patientsWay of screeningIPV useUnderstudied aspectSelf-report screening toolContent analysisHealthcare responseStrong rapportProfessional disciplinesComprehensive processSubstantial prevalenceVHA providersFacilitatorsClinical practiceProviders' beliefsAssociation of Multidimensional Schizotypy With Psychotic-Like Experiences, Affect, and Social Functioning in Daily Life: Comparable Findings Across Samples and Schizotypy Measures
Kwapil T, Kemp K, Mielock A, Sperry S, Chun C, Gross G, Barrantes-Vidal N. Association of Multidimensional Schizotypy With Psychotic-Like Experiences, Affect, and Social Functioning in Daily Life: Comparable Findings Across Samples and Schizotypy Measures. Journal Of Psychopathology And Clinical Science 2020, 129: 492-504. PMID: 32250141, DOI: 10.1037/abn0000522.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsPsychotic-like experiencesPositive schizotypyPositive affectNegative affectSchizotypy measuresSocial functioningSchizophrenia-spectrum psychopathologyDaily lifeAssessment of schizotypyNegative schizotypyMultidimensional schizotypySocial disinterestDaily life experiencesSchizotypyAffectMultidimensional modelNegative experiencesHypothesized patternConstruct validityESM questionnairesLife experiencesReal-world settingFunctioningUseful frameworkDifferent measuresDifferential Item Functioning of the Multidimensional Schizotypy Scale and Multidimensional Scale-Brief Across Ethnicity
Li L, Meyer M, Martin E, Gross G, Kwapil T, Cicero D. Differential Item Functioning of the Multidimensional Schizotypy Scale and Multidimensional Scale-Brief Across Ethnicity. Psychological Assessment 2020, 32: 383-393. PMID: 31944793, DOI: 10.1037/pas0000798.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsMultidimensional Schizotypy ScaleSoutheast AsiansDiminished formEast AsiansSchizotypy scalesDifferential itemBrief versionEthnic groupsMSS measuresUnited StatesMultiracialBRIEF subscalesFuture researchUndergraduate participantsWhite participantsVariety of populationsAsiansSchizotypyLatent levelPersonality InventoryDiverse groupPsychometric propertiesValidity coefficientsPsychoticism scaleSame constructSex Differences in Military Sexual Trauma and Severe Self-Directed Violence
Gross GM, Ronzitti S, Combellick JL, Decker SE, Mattocks KM, Hoff RA, Haskell SG, Brandt CA, Goulet JL. Sex Differences in Military Sexual Trauma and Severe Self-Directed Violence. American Journal Of Preventive Medicine 2020, 58: 675-682. PMID: 32037020, DOI: 10.1016/j.amepre.2019.12.006.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsMilitary sexual traumaSelf-directed violenceSexual traumaWomen veteransCox proportional hazards regression modelVeterans Health Administration (VHA) careProportional hazards regression modelsHazards regression modelsOperations Enduring Freedom/Iraqi Freedom/New Dawn veteransPsychiatric morbidityNew Dawn veteransSuicide attemptsBivariate analysisPreventative effortsTraumaWomenMenSex differencesVeteransRiskRegression modelsDemographic variablesSevere selfHospitalizationMorbiditySex Differences in Associations Between Depression and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Symptoms and Tobacco Use Among Veterans of Recent Conflicts
Gross GM, Bastian LA, Smith NB, Harpaz-Rotem I, Hoff R. Sex Differences in Associations Between Depression and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Symptoms and Tobacco Use Among Veterans of Recent Conflicts. Journal Of Women's Health 2020, 29: 677-685. PMID: 31934813, DOI: 10.1089/jwh.2019.8082.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsPosttraumatic stress disorderTobacco usePTSD symptomsFemale veteransSex differencesAssociation of depressionTobacco use cessationBaseline interview dataCross-sectional associationsMental health conditionsLogistic regression modelsPosttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptomsBinary logistic regression modelSex-specific barriersTobacco usersSymptomsStress disorderAlcohol useHealth conditionsDepressionDisorder symptomsVeteran sampleMH conditionsIntervention strategiesEffects of demographics
2019
Comparing the effectiveness of VA residential PTSD treatment for veterans who do and do not report a history of MST: A national investigation
Holliday R, Smith NB, Holder N, Gross GM, Monteith LL, Maguen S, Hoff RA, Harpaz-Rotem I. Comparing the effectiveness of VA residential PTSD treatment for veterans who do and do not report a history of MST: A national investigation. Journal Of Psychiatric Research 2019, 122: 42-47. PMID: 31923834, DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2019.12.012.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsResidential Rehabilitation Treatment ProgramMilitary sexual traumaPosttraumatic stress disorderPTSD symptomsMST survivorsPTSD treatmentVeterans AffairsProgram completionRehabilitation treatment programSymptom severity scoresEffects of MSTExperience of MSTHistory of MSTPTSD symptom severity scoresPost-treatment gainsRace/ethnicityImpact of MSTSevere PTSD symptomsResidential PTSD treatmentAdjunctive servicesPsychiatric comorbiditySeverity scoreHealth sequelaeIncrease riskWomen veteransMeaning in life following deployment sexual trauma: Prediction of posttraumatic stress symptoms, depressive symptoms, and suicidal ideation
Gross GM, Laws H, Park CL, Hoff R, Hoffmire CA. Meaning in life following deployment sexual trauma: Prediction of posttraumatic stress symptoms, depressive symptoms, and suicidal ideation. Psychiatry Research 2019, 278: 78-85. PMID: 31158725, DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2019.05.037.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsPosttraumatic stress disorderSuicidal ideationDepressive symptomsPosttraumatic stress symptomsImportant clinical factorsBaseline interview dataCross-sectional associationsDeleterious mental health outcomesSexual traumaStress symptomsMental health outcomesMental health consequencesClinical factorsHayes mediation modelHealth outcomesSymptomsHealth consequencesProtective factorsStress disorderPoints of interventionTraumaVeteran sampleSI severityCombat traumaDecreased sensePsychometric Properties of the Multidimensional Schizotypy Scale and Multidimensional Schizotypy Scale–Brief: Item and Scale Test–Retest Reliability and Concordance of Original and Brief Forms
Kemp K, Gross G, Kwapil T. Psychometric Properties of the Multidimensional Schizotypy Scale and Multidimensional Schizotypy Scale–Brief: Item and Scale Test–Retest Reliability and Concordance of Original and Brief Forms. Journal Of Personality Assessment 2019, 102: 508-515. PMID: 31012748, DOI: 10.1080/00223891.2019.1591425.Peer-Reviewed Original Research
2018
Exploratory Graph Analysis of the Multidimensional Schizotypy Scale
Christensen A, Gross G, Golino H, Silvia P, Kwapil T. Exploratory Graph Analysis of the Multidimensional Schizotypy Scale. Schizophrenia Research 2018, 206: 43-51. PMID: 30573405, DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2018.12.018.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsMultidimensional Schizotypy ScaleConfirmatory factor analysisSchizotypy scalesExploratory graph analysisNegative schizotypy dimensionsFour-factor modelThree-factor modelPositive schizotypyNegative schizotypySchizotypy dimensionsSchizotypy factorsQuestionnaire measuresDisorganized dimensionBrief versionSchizotypyDifferential associationsFactor analysisFuture researchIndependent samplesModel fitTheoretical dimensionsDimensional structurePrediction of prodromal symptoms and schizophrenia-spectrum personality disorder traits by positive and negative schizotypy: A 3-year prospective study
Racioppi A, Sheinbaum T, Gross G, Ballespí S, Kwapil T, Barrantes-Vidal N. Prediction of prodromal symptoms and schizophrenia-spectrum personality disorder traits by positive and negative schizotypy: A 3-year prospective study. PLOS ONE 2018, 13: e0207150. PMID: 30408119, PMCID: PMC6224105, DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0207150.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsNegative schizotypyPersonality traitsYoung adult samplePrevious cross-sectional findingsSchizophrenia-spectrum psychopathologyAvoidant personality traitsPsychotic-like symptomsPsychometric high-risk strategyMental health treatmentCross-sectional findingsPositive schizotypyPersonality disorder traitsSchizotypy dimensionsResilience factorsSchizotypyLongitudinal findingsAdult samplesNegative dimensionsDisorder traitsEmotional disturbancePredictive validityGeneral psychopathologyMultidimensional modelHealth treatmentMultidimensional structureAssociation of positive, negative, and disorganized schizotypy dimensions with affective symptoms and experiences
Kemp K, Gross G, Barrantes-Vidal N, Kwapil T. Association of positive, negative, and disorganized schizotypy dimensions with affective symptoms and experiences. Psychiatry Research 2018, 270: 1143-1149. PMID: 30366639, DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2018.10.031.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsMultidimensional Schizotypy ScaleHypomanic traitsPositive schizotypyElevated negative affectAffective symptomsSchizophrenia-spectrum psychopathologyMeasures of depressionCognitive behavioral deficitsThree-factor modelNegative schizotypyState affectPositive affectSchizotypy dimensionsNegative affectComorbid expressionSchizotypy scalesSocial phobiaSchizotypyAnxiety disordersMTurk workersAffectSchizophrenia spectrumCollege studentsUseful constructConstruct validityValidity of the Multidimensional Schizotypy Scale: Associations With Schizotypal Traits and Normal Personality
Kwapil T, Gross G, Burgin C, Raulin M, Silvia P, Barrantes-Vidal N. Validity of the Multidimensional Schizotypy Scale: Associations With Schizotypal Traits and Normal Personality. Personality Disorders Theory Research And Treatment 2018, 9: 458-466. PMID: 29722996, DOI: 10.1037/per0000288.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsMultidimensional Schizotypy ScaleSchizotypal traitsSchizotypy subscalesPersonality traitsCognitive-perceptual schizotypal traitsPsychometric propertiesDisorganized schizotypal traitsConstruct validitySchizotypal personality traitsNegative associationFive-factor modelExcellent internal consistency reliabilityLarge multisite sampleSchizotypy scalesInternal consistency reliabilityPositive associationMultisite sampleSubscalesDerivation sampleConsistency reliabilityNeuroticismStrong associationSchizotypyTraitsOpenness
2017
The multidimensional schizotypy scale-brief: Scale development and psychometric properties
Gross G, Kwapil T, Raulin M, Silvia P, Barrantes-Vidal N. The multidimensional schizotypy scale-brief: Scale development and psychometric properties. Psychiatry Research 2017, 261: 7-13. PMID: 29272752, DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2017.12.033.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsMultidimensional Schizotypy ScalePattern of findingsCross-validation sampleSchizotypy scalesPsychometric propertiesSeparate cross-validation samplePromising brief measurePattern of intercorrelationsHigh internal consistency reliabilityAmazon Mechanical TurkTest information functionItem response theoryClassical test theoryBrief measureInternal consistency reliabilityBrief versionMechanical TurkDifferential itemSubscalesTest theorySchizotypyOriginal subscalesScale developmentBest itemsResponse theoryWall/Object Punching: An Important but Under‐Recognized Form of Nonsuicidal Self‐Injury
Kimbrel N, Thomas S, Hicks T, Hertzberg M, Clancy C, Elbogen E, Meyer E, DeBeer B, Gross G, Silvia P, Morissette S, Gratz K, Calhoun P, Beckham J. Wall/Object Punching: An Important but Under‐Recognized Form of Nonsuicidal Self‐Injury. Suicide And Life-Threatening Behavior 2017, 48: 501-511. PMID: 28925016, PMCID: PMC6366325, DOI: 10.1111/sltb.12371.Peer-Reviewed Original Research