2022
Reconceptualizing high-quality emergency general surgery care: Non–mortality-based quality metrics enable meaningful and consistent assessment
Zogg CK, Staudenmayer KL, Kodadek LM, Davis KA. Reconceptualizing high-quality emergency general surgery care: Non–mortality-based quality metrics enable meaningful and consistent assessment. Journal Of Trauma And Acute Care Surgery 2022, 94: 68-77. PMID: 36245079, PMCID: PMC9805506, DOI: 10.1097/ta.0000000000003818.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsEmergency general surgeryHospital-level factorsEGS conditionsEmergency general surgery careOlder adultsNationwide Readmissions DatabaseComplex older adultsSurgery of TraumaGeneral surgery careQuality improvement initiativesOlder adult populationEGS careEGS hospitalsEGS patientsPatient frailtySurgery careGeneral surgeryHospitalLevel IIIAdult populationCohortPatientsComplex adultCareAdultsBeyond In-hospital Mortality
Zogg CK, Cooper Z, Peduzzi P, Falvey JR, Tinetti ME, Lichtman JH. Beyond In-hospital Mortality. Annals Of Surgery 2022, 278: e314-e330. PMID: 36111845, PMCID: PMC10014495, DOI: 10.1097/sla.0000000000005707.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsOlder trauma patientsHospital mortalityOlder adultsTrauma patientsHealthy daysSevere traumatic brain injuryAdult trauma careCause of deathUnique health needsTraumatic brain injuryLoss of independenceIndex admissionHip fracturePrimary diagnosisBrain injuryTrauma careTraumatic injuryMedicare claimsHealth needsMortalityAverage numberReadmissionAdultsPatientsQuintile ranksThe extent to which geography explains one of trauma’s troubling trends: Insurance-based differences in appropriate interfacility transfer
Zogg CK, Schuster KM, Maung AA, Davis KA. The extent to which geography explains one of trauma’s troubling trends: Insurance-based differences in appropriate interfacility transfer. Journal Of Trauma And Acute Care Surgery 2022, 93: 686-694. PMID: 35293375, PMCID: PMC9470786, DOI: 10.1097/ta.0000000000003605.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdultGeographyHumansInsurance CoverageMedically UninsuredPatient TransferRetrospective StudiesTrauma CentersUnited StatesConceptsNontrauma centersEmergency departmentMajor injuriesTrauma centerSignificant geographic variationInsurance-based differencesRisk-adjusted oddsLarge trauma centersNeighborhood socioeconomic disadvantageHierarchical logistic regressionInsured adultsTransfer patientsInsurance statusInterfacility transferStratified analysisED claimsUninsured adultsLevel IIISecondary objectiveTriage patternsDeprived populationsLogistic regressionInjurySocioeconomic disadvantageAdmission differences
2021
In defense of Direct Care: Limiting access to military hospitals could worsen quality and safety
Zogg CK, Lichtman JH, Dalton MK, Learn PA, Schoenfeld AJ, Koehlmoos T, Weissman JS, Cooper Z. In defense of Direct Care: Limiting access to military hospitals could worsen quality and safety. Health Services Research 2021, 57: 723-733. PMID: 34608642, PMCID: PMC9264466, DOI: 10.1111/1475-6773.13885.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdultHospital MortalityHospitals, MilitaryHumansMilitary PersonnelPatient SafetyRetrospective StudiesUnited StatesConceptsMilitary treatment facilitiesMHS beneficiariesMilitary Health SystemCivilian hospitalsMHS patientsDirect carePatient safetyHealth care reformUS Military Health SystemNationwide Readmissions DatabasePatient safety indicatorsHealth policy planningInpatient Quality IndicatorsLocal civilian hospitalsCare reformEvidence-based evaluationHospital mortalityHospital morbidityAdult patientsAdverse eventsRetrospective cohortAdult admissionsNational inpatientInpatient claimsWorse outcomesCharacterizing Medicare Reimbursements and Clinical Activity Among Female Otolaryngologists
Panth N, Torabi SJ, Kasle DA, Savoca EL, Zogg CK, O’Brien E, Manes RP. Characterizing Medicare Reimbursements and Clinical Activity Among Female Otolaryngologists. Annals Of Otology Rhinology & Laryngology 2021, 131: 749-759. PMID: 34467771, DOI: 10.1177/00034894211042445.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAgedCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHumansMedicareOtolaryngologistsRetrospective StudiesUnited StatesConceptsFemale otolaryngologistsClinical volumeCurrent Procedural Terminology codesUnique Current Procedural Terminology (CPT) codesProcedural Terminology codesMedicare reimbursementClinical activityRetrospective analysisTerminology codesMedicare feeOtolaryngologistsPatientsBilling patternsMedianMedicare PhysicianUrban settingsRural settingsReimbursementService billingTemporal trendsSettingRural areasReassessing the July Effect: 30 Years of Evidence Show No Difference in Outcomes
Zogg CK, Metcalfe D, Sokas CM, Dalton MK, Hirji SA, Davis KA, Haider AH, Cooper Z, Lichtman JH. Reassessing the July Effect: 30 Years of Evidence Show No Difference in Outcomes. Annals Of Surgery 2021, 277: e204-e211. PMID: 33914485, PMCID: PMC8384940, DOI: 10.1097/sla.0000000000004805.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsCoronary Artery BypassHospitalizationHumansIschemic StrokeMyocardial InfarctionPatient ReadmissionRetrospective StudiesRisk FactorsConceptsJuly effectMajor morbidityPatient outcomesMajor adverse outcomesNationwide Readmissions DatabaseAdverse patient outcomesSystem-level factorsUS patientsAdverse outcomesSurgical conditionsInclusion criteriaPaucity of studiesReadmissionPatient encountersSystematic reviewMorbidityOutcomesNegative resultsMortalityYears of evidenceTotalYearsEvidencePatientsAdmission
2020
Thirty- and 90-day Readmissions After Spinal Surgery for Spine Metastases
Elsamadicy AA, Koo AB, David WB, Zogg CK, Kundishora AJ, Hong CS, Kuzmik GA, Gorrepati R, Coutinho PO, Kolb L, Laurans M, Abbed K. Thirty- and 90-day Readmissions After Spinal Surgery for Spine Metastases. Spine 2020, 46: 828-835. PMID: 33394977, PMCID: PMC8278805, DOI: 10.1097/brs.0000000000003907.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsHumansNeurosurgical ProceduresPatient ReadmissionPostoperative ComplicationsRetrospective StudiesSpineConceptsSpine metastasesGenitourinary complicationsPostoperative infectionSpine surgeryRheumatoid arthritis/collagen vascular diseasesAcute post-hemorrhagic anemiaCollagen vascular diseaseRetrospective cohort studyUnplanned hospital readmissionNationwide Readmissions DatabasePatient-level factorsVulnerable patient groupSurgical treatment interventionMultivariate regression analysisFusion spine surgeryInpatient complicationsFrequent readmissionsUnplanned readmissionCohort studyRenal failureClinical factorsHospital readmissionSurgery typePatient groupVascular diseaseVariation in Risk-standardized Rates and Causes of Unplanned Hospital Visits Within 7 Days of Hospital Outpatient Surgery
Desai MM, Zogg CK, Ranasinghe I, Parzynski CS, Lin Z, Gorbaty M, Merrill A, Krumholz HM, Drye EE. Variation in Risk-standardized Rates and Causes of Unplanned Hospital Visits Within 7 Days of Hospital Outpatient Surgery. Annals Of Surgery 2020, 276: e714-e720. PMID: 33214469, DOI: 10.1097/sla.0000000000004627.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAgedAmbulatory Surgical ProceduresEmergency Service, HospitalFee-for-Service PlansHospitalizationHospitalsHumansMedicareRetrospective StudiesUnited StatesConceptsUnplanned hospital visitsHospital outpatient surgeryHospital outpatient departmentsHospital visitsOutpatient surgeryShort-term safety outcomesFacility-level variationHierarchical logistic regression modelingPost-surgical visitSame-day surgeryHalf of proceduresLogistic regression modelingUrinary retentionStudy cohortUnplanned visitsClinical comorbiditiesOutpatient departmentOutpatient settingPreventable conditionPreventable reasonsBACKGROUND DATASafety outcomesMedicare feeSurgeryService beneficiariesRisk Factors for the Development of Post-Traumatic Hydrocephalus in Children
Elsamadicy AA, Koo AB, Lee V, David WB, Zogg CK, Kundishora AJ, Hong CS, DeSpenza T, Reeve BC, DiLuna M, Kahle KT. Risk Factors for the Development of Post-Traumatic Hydrocephalus in Children. World Neurosurgery 2020, 141: e105-e111. PMID: 32389871, PMCID: PMC7484270, DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2020.04.216.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsTraumatic brain injuryRisk factorsBrain injuryNationwide Emergency Department Sample databasePost-traumatic hydrocephalusClinical risk factorsDevelopment of hydrocephalusNeurologic complicationsRespiratory complicationsPediatric patientsHydrocephalus developmentNinth RevisionSubarachnoid hemorrhageEmergency departmentSecondary diagnosisPrimary diagnosisSubdural hemorrhageClinical ModificationInternational ClassificationHydrocephalusHemorrhagePatientsBaseline returnSample databaseAge 6Thirty- and 90-Day Readmissions After Treatment of Traumatic Subdural Hematoma: National Trend Analysis
Koo AB, Elsamadicy AA, David WB, Zogg CK, Santarosa C, Sujijantarat N, Robert SM, Kundishora AJ, Cord BJ, Hebert R, Bahrassa F, Malhotra A, Matouk CC. Thirty- and 90-Day Readmissions After Treatment of Traumatic Subdural Hematoma: National Trend Analysis. World Neurosurgery 2020, 139: e212-e219. PMID: 32272271, PMCID: PMC7380544, DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2020.03.168.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsTraumatic subdural hematomaSubdural hematomaRheumatoid arthritis/collagen vascular diseasesMultivariate logistic regression analysisCollagen vascular diseaseNationwide Readmissions DatabaseCongestive heart failureLikelihood of readmissionPrimary procedure codeTraumatic brain injuryLogistic regression analysisReadmission ratesRenal failureHeart failurePostoperative infectionNinth RevisionSurgical interventionPatient populationVascular diseaseCerebral meningesBrain injuryClinical ModificationPatient managementReadmissionInternational ClassificationUnderweight patients are at just as much risk as super morbidly obese patients when undergoing anterior cervical spine surgery
Ottesen TD, Malpani R, Galivanche AR, Zogg CK, Varthi AG, Grauer JN. Underweight patients are at just as much risk as super morbidly obese patients when undergoing anterior cervical spine surgery. The Spine Journal 2020, 20: 1085-1095. PMID: 32194246, PMCID: PMC7380546, DOI: 10.1016/j.spinee.2020.03.007.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsAnterior cervical spine surgeryBody mass indexCervical spine surgeryNational Surgical Quality Improvement Program databaseSuper morbidly obese patientsQuality Improvement Program databaseWorld Health Organization categoriesMorbidly obese patientsImprovement Program databaseObese patientsAdverse eventsAdverse outcomesSpine surgeryUnderweight patientsPostoperative infectionProgram databaseSurgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program databaseMultivariate analysisAnterior cervical spine proceduresOverweight/obese categoriesThirty-day adverse eventsHigher body mass indexLower body mass indexAdverse outcome categoriesNormal BMI patientsRisk Factors Portending Extended Length of Stay After Suboccipital Decompression for Adult Chiari I Malformation
Elsamadicy AA, Koo AB, Lee M, David WB, Kundishora AJ, Freedman IG, Zogg CK, Hong CS, DeSpenza T, Sarkozy M, Kahle KT, DiLuna M. Risk Factors Portending Extended Length of Stay After Suboccipital Decompression for Adult Chiari I Malformation. World Neurosurgery 2020, 138: e515-e522. PMID: 32147550, PMCID: PMC7379177, DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2020.02.158.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsPatient-level factorsMultivariate logistic regressionExtended LOSLOS cohortSurgical decompressionDecompression surgeryOdds ratioGreater overall complication ratesMultiple patient-level factorsLogistic regressionChiari malformation type IAdult Chiari I malformationPatient's baseline comorbidityOverall complication rateRetrospective cohort studyChiari I malformationRisk-adjusted LOSPostoperative complicationsAdult patientsCohort studyComplication ratePatient demographicsSuboccipital decompressionElectrolyte disordersObstructive hydrocephalusHospital Variation in Geriatric Surgical Safety for Emergency Operation
Becher RD, Sukumar N, DeWane MP, Stolar MJ, Gill TM, Schuster KM, Maung AA, Zogg CK, Davis KA. Hospital Variation in Geriatric Surgical Safety for Emergency Operation. Journal Of The American College Of Surgeons 2020, 230: 966-973.e10. PMID: 32032720, PMCID: PMC7409563, DOI: 10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2019.10.018.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsStandardized mortality ratioHospital-level characteristicsGeneral surgery operationsGeriatric patientsEmergency operationHospital variationEmergency general surgery operationsMean standardized mortality ratioCalifornia State Inpatient DatabaseHospital-based mortalitySignificant hospital variationPatients 65 yearsSubstantial excess mortalitySurgery operationsState Inpatient DatabasesMixed effects logistic regression modelsCommon general surgery operationsLow-mortality outliersLogistic regression modelsPostoperative mortalityHospital deathOlder patientsInpatient DatabaseMortality outcomesNonelective operationsThirty-Day Nonindex Readmissions and Clinical Outcomes After Cardiac Surgery
Hirji SA, Percy ED, Zogg CK, Vaduganathan M, Kiehm S, Pelletier M, Kaneko T. Thirty-Day Nonindex Readmissions and Clinical Outcomes After Cardiac Surgery. The Annals Of Thoracic Surgery 2020, 110: 484-491. PMID: 31972128, PMCID: PMC7382395, DOI: 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2019.11.042.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsSurgical aortic valve replacementNonindex readmissionsCardiac surgeryNonindex hospitalNonindex hospital readmissionsCoronary artery bypassNational Readmission DatabaseAortic valve replacementCardiac surgery patientsMajor cardiac surgeryPatient risk profileHigh-volume centersUS adult patientsRegionalization of careFragmentation of careComorbidity burdenHospital mortalityIndex readmissionArtery bypassInitial hospitalizationAdult patientsSurgery patientsValve replacementHospital readmissionIndependent predictors
2018
Changing prognosis of oral cancer: An analysis of survival and treatment between 1973 and 2014
Cheraghlou S, Schettino A, Zogg CK, Judson BL. Changing prognosis of oral cancer: An analysis of survival and treatment between 1973 and 2014. The Laryngoscope 2018, 128: 2762-2769. PMID: 30194691, DOI: 10.1002/lary.27315.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsOral cavity cancerLate-stage diseaseAdjuvant therapyOral cancerEnd Results 9 registriesCox survival regressionHigher nodal yieldsNational Cancer DatabaseEarly-stage diseaseKaplan-Meier analysisRetrospective database analysisAnalysis of survivalAdjuvant chemoradiotherapyNodal yieldAdult patientsNeck dissectionRetrospective studyCancer DatabasePrognosisPatientsCancerDiseaseDatabase analysisSurvival regressionChemoradiotherapyAdjuvant Chemotherapy Is Associated With Improved Survival for Late‐Stage Salivary Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Cheraghlou S, Schettino A, Zogg CK, Otremba MD, Bhatia A, Park HS, Osborn HA, Mehra S, Yarbrough WG, Judson BL. Adjuvant Chemotherapy Is Associated With Improved Survival for Late‐Stage Salivary Squamous Cell Carcinoma. The Laryngoscope 2018, 129: 883-889. PMID: 30151947, DOI: 10.1002/lary.27444.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAgedCarcinoma, Squamous CellChemoradiotherapy, AdjuvantChemotherapy, AdjuvantCombined Modality TherapyFemaleHumansKaplan-Meier EstimateMaleMiddle AgedNeoplasm StagingPropensity ScoreProportional Hazards ModelsRadiotherapy, AdjuvantRetrospective StudiesSalivary Gland NeoplasmsSurvival RateTreatment OutcomeConceptsLate-stage patientsSquamous cell carcinomaAdjuvant radiotherapyAdjuvant therapyAdjuvant chemoradiotherapyAdjuvant chemotherapyImproved survivalCell carcinomaImproved long-term survivalCox survival regressionPrimary cutaneous malignanciesUnique disease entityAddition of chemotherapyNational Cancer DatabaseEarly-stage diseaseFive-year survivalEarly-stage patientsKaplan-Meier analysisParotid gland cancerLate stage groupLong-term survivalSurvival benefitCutaneous malignanciesPoor prognosisRetrospective studyCured into Destitution
Scott JW, Raykar NP, Rose JA, Tsai TC, Zogg CK, Haider AH, Salim A, Meara JG, Shrime MG. Cured into Destitution. Annals Of Surgery 2018, 267: 1093-1099. PMID: 28394867, DOI: 10.1097/sla.0000000000002254.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsUninsured patientsGreater riskMedian inpatient chargesTrauma-related admissionsNationwide Inpatient SamplePrimary outcome measureMost demographic subgroupsRisk of CHECatastrophic health expenditureFinancial risk protectionRetrospective reviewTrauma populationPrimary diagnosisInpatient chargesInpatient SampleOutcome measuresPatientsSevere injuriesStudy periodUS Census dataHealth careTraumaAdmissionDemographic subgroupsRiskDisparate outcomes of global emergency surgery - A matched comparison of patients in developed and under—developed healthcare settings
Shah AA, Zogg CK, Rehman A, Latif A, Zafar H, Shakoor A, Wasif N, Chapital AB, Riviello R, Ashfaq A, Williams M, Cornwell EE, Haider AH. Disparate outcomes of global emergency surgery - A matched comparison of patients in developed and under—developed healthcare settings. The American Journal Of Surgery 2018, 215: 1029-1036. PMID: 29807633, DOI: 10.1016/j.amjsurg.2018.05.008.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsAga Khan University HospitalPakistani patientsUS Nationwide Inpatient SampleHealthcare settingsUrban-teaching hospitalsRisk-adjusted oddsComparison of patientsNationwide Inpatient SampleRisk-adjusted differencesGlobal health policy developmentHealth system strengtheningDiverse healthcare settingsHealth policy developmentReported morbidityMajor morbidityEmergency surgeryRural patientsUniversity HospitalInpatient SampleGeneralized-linear modelSurgical careMortality differencesPatientsHealthcare systemDisparate outcomesEthnic disparity in primary cutaneous CD30+ T‐cell lymphoproliferative disorders: an analysis of 1496 cases from the US National Cancer Database
Su C, Nguyen KA, Bai HX, Zogg CK, Cao Y, Karakousis G, Zhang PJ, Zhang G, Xiao R. Ethnic disparity in primary cutaneous CD30+ T‐cell lymphoproliferative disorders: an analysis of 1496 cases from the US National Cancer Database. British Journal Of Haematology 2018, 181: 752-759. PMID: 29676444, DOI: 10.1111/bjh.15222.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdultAge FactorsAgedDatabases, FactualDisease-Free SurvivalFemaleFollow-Up StudiesHead and Neck NeoplasmsHumansKi-1 AntigenLymphoproliferative DisordersMaleMiddle AgedNeoplasm ProteinsRetrospective StudiesSex FactorsSkin NeoplasmsSocioeconomic FactorsSurvival RateT-LymphocytesUnited StatesConceptsT-cell lymphoproliferative disorderUS National Cancer DatabaseNational Cancer DatabasePrimary cutaneous CD30Overall survivalShorter overall survivalCutaneous CD30AA patientsLymphoproliferative disordersDisease characteristicsCancer DatabaseCutaneous T-cell lymphoma casesCox proportional hazards regression analysisPrimary cutaneous T-cell lymphomaEthnic disparitiesHigher Charlson-Deyo scoreProportional hazards regression analysisCutaneous T-cell lymphomaT-cell lymphoma casesCharlson-Deyo scorePrimary disease siteReceipt of chemotherapyHazards regression analysisSmall retrospective studiesHigher clinical stageDialysis Patients Undergoing Total Knee Arthroplasty Have Significantly Increased Odds of Perioperative Adverse Events Independent of Demographic and Comorbidity Factors
Ottesen TD, Zogg CK, Haynes MS, Malpani R, Bellamkonda KS, Grauer JN. Dialysis Patients Undergoing Total Knee Arthroplasty Have Significantly Increased Odds of Perioperative Adverse Events Independent of Demographic and Comorbidity Factors. The Journal Of Arthroplasty 2018, 33: 2827-2834. PMID: 29754981, DOI: 10.1016/j.arth.2018.04.012.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdultAgedAged, 80 and overArthroplasty, Replacement, KneeComorbidityElective Surgical ProceduresFemaleHumansInpatientsLogistic ModelsMaleMiddle AgedMultivariate AnalysisOdds RatioPatient DischargePatient ReadmissionPostoperative ComplicationsQuality ImprovementRegression AnalysisRenal DialysisReoperationRetrospective StudiesRisk AssessmentConceptsTotal knee arthroplastyDialysis-dependent patientsAdverse eventsPatient demographicsDialysis patientsAdverse outcomesKnee arthroplastyNational Surgical Quality Improvement Program databaseOverall healthRisk-adjusted logistic regressionElective total knee arthroplastyQuality Improvement Program databaseImprovement Program databaseMinor adverse eventsNational inpatient databaseSevere adverse eventsBone health statusNondialysis cohortNondialysis patientsPerioperative periodTKA patientsAdult patientsPreoperative riskComorbidity factorsInstitutional cohort