2008
Insulator Elements in Erythrocyte Membrane Genes
Steiner L, Maksimova Y, Lin J, Owen A, Schulz V, Bodine D, Gallagher P. Insulator Elements in Erythrocyte Membrane Genes. Blood 2008, 112: 3584. DOI: 10.1182/blood.v112.11.3584.3584.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchErythrocyte membrane protein genesPosition-effect variegationMembrane protein geneProtein geneChromatin domainsAnkyrin promoterDNA sequencesErythroid cellsInsulator elementsMapping protein-DNA interactionsHeterochromatin-mediated geneGenome-wide scaleGenomic DNA microarrayBinding of CTCFStage-specific transcriptsEnhancer-blocking functionProtein-DNA interactionsCopy number-dependent expressionTissue-specific expressionProtein gene expressionCTCF occupancyRepetitive DNAInsulator functionSeparate enhancersErythroid promoter
2003
Variegated Expression from the Murine Band 3 (AE1) Promoter in Transgenic Mice Is Associated with mRNA Transcript Initiation at Upstream Start Sites and Can Be Suppressed by the Addition of the Chicken β-Globin 5′ HS4 Insulator Element
Frazar TF, Weisbein JL, Anderson SM, Cline AP, Garrett LJ, Felsenfeld G, Gallagher PG, Bodine DM. Variegated Expression from the Murine Band 3 (AE1) Promoter in Transgenic Mice Is Associated with mRNA Transcript Initiation at Upstream Start Sites and Can Be Suppressed by the Addition of the Chicken β-Globin 5′ HS4 Insulator Element. Molecular And Cellular Biology 2003, 23: 4753-4763. PMID: 12832463, PMCID: PMC162203, DOI: 10.1128/mcb.23.14.4753-4763.2003.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsStart siteGamma-globin mRNAUpstream start siteVariegated expressionInsulator elementsHuman gamma-globin geneGamma-globin proteinPosition-effect variegationGamma-globin geneErythroid-specific expressionHS4 insulator elementsBeta-globin clusterHigh steady-state levelsTransgenic mouse assaysErythrocyte membrane skeletonTransgenic miceTransgene copy numberTranscript initiationCytoplasmic domainTransmembrane proteinSteady-state levelsRNA transcriptionMembrane skeletonGene promoterBeta spectrin