2015
Neurology—the next 10 years
Baron R, Ferriero D, Frisoni G, Bettegowda C, Gokaslan Z, Kessler J, Vezzani A, Waxman S, Jarius S, Wildemann B, Weller M. Neurology—the next 10 years. Nature Reviews Neurology 2015, 11: 658-664. PMID: 26503922, DOI: 10.1038/nrneurol.2015.196.Peer-Reviewed Original Research
2008
Locomotor Dysfunction and Pain: The Scylla and Charybdis of Fiber Sprouting After Spinal Cord Injury
Deumens R, Joosten E, Waxman S, Hains B. Locomotor Dysfunction and Pain: The Scylla and Charybdis of Fiber Sprouting After Spinal Cord Injury. Molecular Neurobiology 2008, 37: 52-63. PMID: 18415034, DOI: 10.1007/s12035-008-8016-1.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsChronic painFiber sproutingAutonomic dysreflexiaMotor functionDorsal horn laminaePrimary afferent fibersSpinal cord injuryInterruption of connectionsDevelopment of therapiesMotor deficitsMotor dysfunctionNociceptive processingSensory fibersAfferent fibersCord injuryMotor fibersAberrant sproutingRegenerative sproutingSpinal cordLocomotor dysfunctionInhibitory barrierPainAxonal growthFiber tractsDysreflexia
2007
Schwann cells and their precursors for repair of central nervous system myelin
Kocsis JD, Waxman SG. Schwann cells and their precursors for repair of central nervous system myelin. Brain 2007, 130: 1978-1980. PMID: 17626033, DOI: 10.1093/brain/awm161.Peer-Reviewed Original Research
1998
Mechanisms of enhancement of neurite regeneration in vitro following a conditioning sciatic nerve lesion
Lankford K, Waxman S, Kocsis J. Mechanisms of enhancement of neurite regeneration in vitro following a conditioning sciatic nerve lesion. The Journal Of Comparative Neurology 1998, 391: 11-29. PMID: 9527536, PMCID: PMC2605358, DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1096-9861(19980202)391:1<11::aid-cne2>3.0.co;2-u.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsDorsal root gangliaConditioning lesionNerve injuryNerve regenerationAffected dorsal root ganglionControl dorsal root gangliaDenervated peripheral nervePrior nerve injurySciatic nerve lesionCultured DRG neuronsSciatic nerve transectionPeripheral target tissuesPeripheral nerve stumpRapid nerve regenerationAbility of neuronsSecond axotomyNerve lesionsDRG neuronsNerve transectionNerve stumpRoot gangliaControl neuronsPeripheral nervesNerve tractsAdult rats
1992
Ultrastructural concomitants of anoxic injury and early post-anoxic recovery in rat optic nerve
Waxman S, Black J, Stys P, Ransom B. Ultrastructural concomitants of anoxic injury and early post-anoxic recovery in rat optic nerve. Brain Research 1992, 574: 105-119. PMID: 1638387, DOI: 10.1016/0006-8993(92)90806-k.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsOptic nerveRat optic nerveMin of anoxiaPost-anoxic recoveryAnoxic injuryAstrocyte processesMyelin sheathLoss of microtubulesCell-mediated damageCNS white matterInflux of calciumLarge-diameter axonsPrevious electrophysiological studiesAction potential conductionWhite matter tractsNodes of RanvierAnoxic insultUltrastructure of axonsGlial cellsVesicular degenerationConduction blockEarly recoveryElectrophysiological studiesNerveSignificant injury
1991
Tea‐sensitive potassium channels and inward rectification in regenerated rat sciatic nerve
Gardon T, Kocsis J, Waxman S. Tea‐sensitive potassium channels and inward rectification in regenerated rat sciatic nerve. Muscle & Nerve 1991, 14: 640-646. PMID: 1922170, DOI: 10.1002/mus.880140707.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsCompound action potentialRat sciatic nerveNerve crushRegenerated axonsSciatic nerveRegenerated nervesInward rectificationIntra-axonal recording techniquesAdult rat sciatic nerveTEA-sensitive potassium channelsPotassium channelsRegenerated rat sciatic nerveSucrose gap recordingsSciatic nerve crushPeripheral nerve axonsWhole nerve recordingsIntra-axonal recordingsVoltage-sensitive sodium channelsCrush injuryNormal nervesSensitive relaxationRepetitive stimulationAfterhyperpolarizationGap recordingsNerve recordings
1987
Molecular differentiation of neurons from ependyma-derived cells in tissue cultures of regenerating teleost spinal cord
Anderson M, Waxman S, Lee Y, Eng L. Molecular differentiation of neurons from ependyma-derived cells in tissue cultures of regenerating teleost spinal cord. Brain Research 1987, 2: 131-136. PMID: 3113659, DOI: 10.1016/0169-328x(87)90006-4.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsTeleost spinal cordSpinal cordCell somataNon-phosphorylated neurofilament proteinMolecular differentiationAnti-neurofilament antibodiesRegenerated cordSMI-32Ependymal cellsRostral areasCordNeurofilament proteinDifferentiated neuronsNeuronal morphologyMonoclonal antibodiesNeuronsEpendymal tubeSomaAntibodiesCellsSeries of culturesMolecular architectureTissue cultureChapter 8 Ionic channel organization of normal and regenerating mammalian axons
Kocsis J, Waxman S. Chapter 8 Ionic channel organization of normal and regenerating mammalian axons. Progress In Brain Research 1987, 71: 89-101. PMID: 2438722, DOI: 10.1016/s0079-6123(08)61816-6.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAnimalsAxonsIon ChannelsMotor NeuronsNerve RegenerationNeurons, AfferentPeripheral NervesPotassiumSodiumConceptsNerve fibersPeripheral nervesRegenerated nerve fibersCell remodellingNormal developmentMammalian nerve fibresSchwann cellsElectrophysiological characteristicsFine caliberMyelinated axonsImmature axonsAxonal growthMammalian axonsNerveNormal maturationRemodelling occursAxonsCell arrestRemodellingTime courseMyelinIonic channelsLong termMaturationTime of maturation
1986
Remodelling of internodes in regenerated rat sciatic nerve: Electron microscopic observations
Hildebrand C, Mustafa G, Waxman S. Remodelling of internodes in regenerated rat sciatic nerve: Electron microscopic observations. Brain Cell Biology 1986, 15: 681-692. PMID: 3819776, DOI: 10.1007/bf01625187.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAnimalsMicroscopy, ElectronNerve RegenerationRatsRats, Inbred StrainsSciatic NerveTime FactorsConceptsRegenerated rat sciatic nerveRat sciatic nerveSciatic nerveSchwann cellsMyelin sheathRegenerated myelin sheathsRegenerated nerve segmentsSchwann cell networkLeft sciatic nerveSchwann cell cytoplasmMyelin sheath breakdownNodes of RanvierCrush lesionNerve segmentsSurvival periodUpper thighAdult ratsSurvival timeNerveInternodal shorteningImportant physiological implicationsMonthsLipid dropletsLamellated bodiesExtensive remodelling
1985
Myelin sheath remodelling in regenerated rat sciatic nerve
Hildebrand C, Kocsis J, Berglund S, Waxman S. Myelin sheath remodelling in regenerated rat sciatic nerve. Brain Research 1985, 358: 163-170. PMID: 2416385, DOI: 10.1016/0006-8993(85)90960-6.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsRat sciatic nerveSciatic nerveRegenerated nervesAdult rat sciatic nerveRegenerated rat sciatic nerveNormal control nervesLight microscopic examinationAction potential waveformCrush lesionMonths survivalNerve segmentsControl nervesSame nerveIndividual nervesNerve fibersNerveShort sheathMyelin layersMyelin sheathPotassium channelsMicroscopic examinationGeneration of electromotor neurons in Sternarchus albifrons: Differences between normally growing and regenerating spinal cord
Waxman S, Anderson M. Generation of electromotor neurons in Sternarchus albifrons: Differences between normally growing and regenerating spinal cord. Developmental Biology 1985, 112: 338-344. PMID: 4076546, DOI: 10.1016/0012-1606(85)90404-x.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAnimalsCell CountCell SurvivalFishesMotor NeuronsNerve Fibers, MyelinatedNerve RegenerationSpinal CordNeurogenesis in Adult Vertebrate Spinal Cord in Situ and in Vitro: A New Model Systema
ANDERSON M, WAXMAN S. Neurogenesis in Adult Vertebrate Spinal Cord in Situ and in Vitro: A New Model Systema. Annals Of The New York Academy Of Sciences 1985, 457: 213-233. PMID: 3913365, DOI: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1985.tb20807.x.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsSpinal cordEpendymal cellsNeuron-specific monoclonal antibodiesSpinal cord tissueSternarchus albifronsStudy of neurogenesisFunctional recoveryNew neuronsCord tissuePositive stainingRecent studiesCultured neuronsCordInjuryNeurogenesisMonoclonal antibodiesNeuronal differentiationNormal morphologic structureCNSExplant culturesNeuronsVertebrate spinal cordSternarchusNew spinal cordNeuronal identity
1984
Glial fibrillary acidic protein in regenerating teleost spinal cord.
Anderson M, Swanson K, Waxman S, Eng L. Glial fibrillary acidic protein in regenerating teleost spinal cord. Journal Of Histochemistry & Cytochemistry 1984, 32: 1099-1106. PMID: 6481149, DOI: 10.1177/32.10.6481149.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAnimalsFishesFreezingGlial Fibrillary Acidic ProteinGoldfishMicroscopy, ElectronNerve RegenerationSpinal CordConceptsGlial fibrillary acidic proteinSpinal cordFibrillary acidic proteinRegenerated cordPositive stainingAcidic proteinPresence of GFAPTeleost spinal cordNeuronal cell bodiesRegeneration of neuritesGFAP stainingReactive astrocytesAstrocytic profilesNeuronal regenerationGoldfish brainAstrocytic processesCordCell bodiesUltrastructural studyGoldfish Carassius auratusStainingSternarchus albifronsBrainCarassius auratusAstrocytesCell death of asynaptic neurons in regenerating spinal cord
Anderson M, Waxman S, Tadlock C. Cell death of asynaptic neurons in regenerating spinal cord. Developmental Biology 1984, 103: 443-455. PMID: 6724138, DOI: 10.1016/0012-1606(84)90332-4.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAnimalsCell CountCell SurvivalElectric OrganElectrophysiologyFishesMicroscopy, ElectronMotor NeuronsNerve RegenerationSpinal CordSynapsesConceptsSpinal cordElectromotor neuronsRegenerated cordNormal numbersNumber of perikaryaCell deathCaudal endRostro-caudal axisSpinal neuronsCordCell bodiesNeuronsSynaptic competitionAxonsNumerous cellsDeathPerikaryaAmputationMore yearsEvidence of migrationSternarchus albifronsExcess numberElectric organEpendymaTransverse sections
1983
Long-term regenerated nerve fibres retain sensitivity to potassium channel blocking agents
Kocsis J, Waxman S. Long-term regenerated nerve fibres retain sensitivity to potassium channel blocking agents. Nature 1983, 304: 640-642. PMID: 6308475, DOI: 10.1038/304640a0.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH Keywords4-AminopyridineAction PotentialsAminopyridinesAnimalsCell DifferentiationIon ChannelsMiceNerve Fibers, MyelinatedNerve RegenerationConceptsNerve fibersPotassium channelsMyelinated peripheral nerve fibresAxon segmentsPeripheral nerve fibersAxon sproutsEndoneurial tubesNerve crushFunctional recoveryFunctional organizationMyelinated fibersAxon cylindersSchwann cellsBurst activityMyelinated axonsMammalian axonsAxonsPeripheral connectionsMembrane depolarizationBasement membraneK channelsRegenerated fibersAxon maturationRegeneration of spinal neurons in inframammalian vertebrates: morphological and developmental aspects.
Anderson M, Waxman S. Regeneration of spinal neurons in inframammalian vertebrates: morphological and developmental aspects. Journal Für Hirnforschung 1983, 24: 371-98. PMID: 6643991.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsSpinal cordNerve cell bodiesSpinal neuronsCell bodiesNerve fibersAxon reactionElectromotor neuronsInframammalian vertebratesSpinal electromotor neuronsPeripheral nerve bridgesMammalian spinal cordCell deathNerve bridgeNew neuronsEpendymal cellsTrophic effectsCordNerve growthNeuronsNerve outgrowthCertain hormonesGrowth factorSternarchusExternal laminaAxon outgrowthCaudal spinal cord of the teleost Sternarchus albifrons resembles regenerating cord
Anderson M, Waxman S. Caudal spinal cord of the teleost Sternarchus albifrons resembles regenerating cord. The Anatomical Record 1983, 205: 85-92. PMID: 6837938, DOI: 10.1002/ar.1092050111.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchFine structure of regenerated ependyma and spinal cord in Sternarchus albifrons
Anderson M, Waxman S, Laufer M. Fine structure of regenerated ependyma and spinal cord in Sternarchus albifrons. The Anatomical Record 1983, 205: 73-83. PMID: 6837937, DOI: 10.1002/ar.1092050110.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsDense-core vesiclesEpendymal cellsRegenerated cordSpinal cordCell bodiesNumerous dense-cored vesiclesSternarchus albifronsNormal cordCentral canalFibrous astrocytesMyelinated axonsCordElectromotor neuronsEpendymal layerVentral portionRegenerated spinal cordMeningeal layersNeuritesBasal laminaExtracellular spaceAdditional cellsCellsCell processesCell cytoplasmEpendymal tube
1982
Regenerating mammalian nerve fibres: changes in action potential waveform and firing characteristics following blockage of potassium conductance
Kocsis J, Waxman S, Hildebrand C, Ruiz J. Regenerating mammalian nerve fibres: changes in action potential waveform and firing characteristics following blockage of potassium conductance. Proceedings Of The Royal Society B 1982, 217: 77-87. PMID: 6131423, DOI: 10.1098/rspb.1982.0095.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAction PotentialsAminopyridinesAnimalsAxonsIon ChannelsMaleNerve RegenerationNeural ConductionPotassiumRatsConceptsRegenerating axonsNerve fibersFiring propertiesAction potentialsPotassium conductancePotassium channelsCompound action potentialSciatic nerve fibersEarly regenerating axonsAction potential waveformRat nerve fibresMammalian nerve fibresDemyelinated axonsMyelinated fibersExtracellular applicationAxonsRecording techniquesSingle stimulusFiring characteristicsPotential waveformPresent studyRetrograde axon reaction following section of asynaptic nerve fibers
Waxman S, Anderson M. Retrograde axon reaction following section of asynaptic nerve fibers. Cell And Tissue Research 1982, 223: 487-492. PMID: 7093992, DOI: 10.1007/bf00218470.Peer-Reviewed Original Research