2024
Targeted therapies for myelodysplastic syndromes/neoplasms (MDS): current landscape and future directions
Bidikian A, Bewersdorf J, Shallis R, Getz T, Stempel J, Kewan T, Stahl M, Zeidan A. Targeted therapies for myelodysplastic syndromes/neoplasms (MDS): current landscape and future directions. Expert Review Of Anticancer Therapy 2024, 24: 1131-1146. PMID: 39367718, DOI: 10.1080/14737140.2024.2414071.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchErythropoiesis-stimulating agentsTargeted therapyLR-MDSHR-MDSHypoxia-inducible factorAllogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantationLandscape of targeted therapiesHematopoietic stem cell transplantationHeterogeneous group of hematologic malignanciesGroup of hematologic malignanciesMolecular prognostic toolsDuration of responseStem cell transplantationTrial designClinical trial designHypomethylating agentsCell transplantationHematologic malignanciesImprove patient outcomesRNA splicing machineryImmune evasionPrognostic toolTGF-betaTherapyEffective treatmentIntensive induction chemotherapy vs hypomethylating agents in combination with venetoclax in NPM1-mutant AML
Bewersdorf J, Shimony S, Shallis R, Liu Y, Berton G, Schaefer E, Zeidan A, Goldberg A, Stein E, Marcucci G, Bystrom R, Lindsley R, Chen E, Perez J, Stein A, Pullarkat V, Aldoss I, DeAngelo D, Neuberg D, Stone R, Garciaz S, Ball B, Stahl M. Intensive induction chemotherapy vs hypomethylating agents in combination with venetoclax in NPM1-mutant AML. Blood Advances 2024, 8: 4845-4855. PMID: 38941537, PMCID: PMC11416634, DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2024012858.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchIntensive induction chemotherapyAcute myeloid leukemiaNPM1-Mutant Acute Myeloid LeukemiaInduction chemotherapyHypomethylating agentsMulticenter retrospective cohort study of patientsPatients treated with ICAllogeneic stem cell transplantationRetrospective cohort study of patientsMulticenter retrospective cohort studyCohort study of patientsComposite complete remissionStem cell transplantationYears-oldFLT3-ITD mutationStudy of patientsStandard of careNormal cytogeneticsComplete remissionCell transplantationNPM1 mutationsMyeloid leukemiaFLT3-ITDYounger patientsOlder patientsImpact of induction regimens intensity and allogeneic stem cell transplantation on survival of patients with Philadelphia chromosome‐positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia: A multi‐institutional study
Badar T, Narra R, Mims A, Heckman M, Shallis R, Fahad S, Hunter C, Kota V, Othman T, Jonas B, Desai S, de Camargo Correia G, Patel A, DuVall A, Palmisiano N, Curran E, Omer Z, Advani A, Atallah E, Litzow M. Impact of induction regimens intensity and allogeneic stem cell transplantation on survival of patients with Philadelphia chromosome‐positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia: A multi‐institutional study. American Journal Of Hematology 2024 PMID: 39253997, DOI: 10.1002/ajh.27475.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchIntensive chemotherapyPhiladelphia chromosome-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemiaAllogeneic stem cell transplantationFirst-generation TKIsStem cell transplantationSurvival of patientsAcute lymphoblastic leukemiaMulti-institutional studyAllo-HCTPropensity score matchingRegimen intensityCell transplantationLymphoblastic leukemiaMultivariate analysisTreatment approach and outcomes of patients with accelerated/blast-phase myeloproliferative neoplasms in the current era
Patel A, Yoon J, Johnston H, Davidson M, Shallis R, Chen E, Burkart M, Oh T, Iyer S, Madarang E, Muthiah C, Gross I, Dean R, Kassner J, Viswabandya A, Madero-Marroquin R, Rampal R, Murthy S, Bradley T, Abaza Y, Garcia J, Gupta V, Pettit K, Cursio J, Odenike O. Treatment approach and outcomes of patients with accelerated/blast-phase myeloproliferative neoplasms in the current era. Blood Advances 2024, 8: 3468-3477. PMID: 38739724, PMCID: PMC11260843, DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2024012880.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchAcute myeloid leukemiaOutcomes of patientsMyeloproliferative neoplasmsMPN-AP/BPAllo-HCTMedian OSIntensive chemotherapyOverall survivalEuropean LeukemiaNetSurvival outcomesAllogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantationAssociated with poor survival outcomesHematopoietic stem cell transplantationInvestigate outcomes of patientsProgression of myeloproliferative neoplasmsMedian overall survivalStem cell transplantationFirst-line treatmentPoor survival outcomesMulti-center analysisAssociation of responseBlast-phaseMPN-BPCell transplantationAnalyzed patientsPrognostic impact of ‘multi-hit’ versus ‘single-hit’ TP53 alteration in patients with acute myeloid leukemia: results from the Consortium on Myeloid Malignancies and Neoplastic Diseases
Badar T, Nanaa A, Atallah E, Shallis R, Craver E, Li Z, Goldberg A, Saliba A, Patel A, Bewersdorf J, Duvall A, Burkart M, Bradshaw D, Abaza Y, Stahl M, Palmisiano N, Murthy S, Zeidan A, Kota V, Patnaik M, Litzow M. Prognostic impact of ‘multi-hit’ versus ‘single-hit’ TP53 alteration in patients with acute myeloid leukemia: results from the Consortium on Myeloid Malignancies and Neoplastic Diseases. Haematologica 2024, 109: 3533-3542. PMID: 38813716, PMCID: PMC11532685, DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2024.285000.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchAcute myeloid leukemiaMyelodysplastic syndromeComplex cytogeneticsMyeloid leukemiaAllogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantationLower-risk myelodysplastic syndromesHematopoietic stem cell transplantationHigher-risk myelodysplastic syndromesOutcomes of SHStem cell transplantationAllo-HCTTP53 alterationsPrognostic impactMyeloid malignanciesTP53 mutationsCell transplantationFLT3-ITDIDH1 mutationMultivariate analysisSupportive careUS academic institutionsNeoplastic diseasePatientsSuperior EFSPredicting outcomeHypomethylating agents plus venetoclax compared with intensive induction chemotherapy regimens in molecularly defined secondary AML
Shimony S, Bewersdorf J, Shallis R, Liu Y, Schaefer E, Zeidan A, Goldberg A, Stein E, Marcucci G, Lindsley R, Chen E, Ramos Perez J, Stein A, DeAngelo D, Neuberg D, Stone R, Ball B, Stahl M. Hypomethylating agents plus venetoclax compared with intensive induction chemotherapy regimens in molecularly defined secondary AML. Leukemia 2024, 38: 762-768. PMID: 38378841, DOI: 10.1038/s41375-024-02175-0.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchAssociated with improved OSHypomethylating agentsCPX-351Overall survivalSplicing factor mutationsCo-mutationsAllogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantationAssociated with better OSAssociated with worse OSSecondary acute myeloid leukemiaHematopoietic stem cell transplantationMedian overall survivalStem cell transplantationPatients aged >Acute myeloid leukemiaTreated with daunorubicinLiposomal daunorubicinMonosomal karyotypeNRAS/KRAS mutationsImproved OSSecondary AMLMyeloid diseasesMyeloid neoplasmsAML patientsAML treatment
2023
Achievement of Undetectable BCR::ABL1 (uBCR::ABL1) Is Predictive of Improved Survival in Philadelphia Chromosome Positive (Ph+ve) Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) Patients Not Receiving Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation
Badar T, Narra R, Mims A, Shallis R, De Camargo Correia G, Hunter C, Kota V, Desai S, Patel A, Duvall A, Palmisiano N, Curran E, Zulfa O, Advani A, Atallah E, Litzow M. Achievement of Undetectable BCR::ABL1 (uBCR::ABL1) Is Predictive of Improved Survival in Philadelphia Chromosome Positive (Ph+ve) Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) Patients Not Receiving Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation. Blood 2023, 142: 1464. DOI: 10.1182/blood-2023-188188.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchWhite blood cell countRelapse-free survivalAllogeneic stem cell transplantationP210 fusion proteinMedian overall survivalOverall survivalMeasurable residual diseaseStem cell transplantationAcute lymphoblastic leukemiaIntensive chemotherapyAllo-HCTAdult PhCell transplantationMulticenter studyPhiladelphia chromosome-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia patientsExact testPositive acute lymphoblastic leukemia patientsMedian white blood cell countPhiladelphia chromosome-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemiaMedian relapse-free survivalAcute lymphoblastic leukemia patientsCG abnormalitiesValidation of the Molecular International Prognostic Scoring System (IPSS-M) in Patients (Pts) with Myelodysplastic Syndromes/Neoplasms (MDS) Who Underwent Allogenic Stem Cell Transplantation (HSCT)
Kewan T, Bewersdorf J, Blaha O, Stahl M, Al Ali N, DeZern A, Sekeres M, Uy G, Carraway H, Desai P, Griffiths E, Stein E, Brunner A, Amaya M, Zeidner J, Savona M, Stempel J, Chandhok N, Logothetis C, Cochran H, Rose A, Roboz G, Wang E, Rolles B, Harris A, Shallis R, Xie Z, Padron E, Maciejewski J, Sallman D, Della Porta M, Komrokji R, Zeidan A. Validation of the Molecular International Prognostic Scoring System (IPSS-M) in Patients (Pts) with Myelodysplastic Syndromes/Neoplasms (MDS) Who Underwent Allogenic Stem Cell Transplantation (HSCT). Blood 2023, 142: 4980. DOI: 10.1182/blood-2023-186578.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchOverall survivalHigh-risk groupUnderwent HSCTC-indexRisk groupsHigh riskDonor typeInternational Prognostic Scoring SystemAllogenic stem cell transplantationTime of HSCTMedian overall survivalReduced-intensity conditioningSignificant OS differencePrognostic scoring systemRisk stratification toolTime of diagnosisStem cell transplantationSingle-institution analysisLog-rank testHarrell's C-indexDifferent overall survivalCox proportional hazardsHMA cyclesHaploidentical donorsMaintenance therapyIntensive Induction Chemotherapy (IC) Vs Hypomethylating Agents + Venetoclax (HMA/VEN) in IDH1- or IDH2-Mutant Newly Diagnosed Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) - a Multicenter Cohort Study
Bewersdorf J, Shimony S, Shallis R, Liu Y, Schaefer E, Zeidan A, Goldberg A, Stein E, Marcucci G, Lindsley R, Chen E, Ramos J, Stein A, DeAngelo D, Neuberg D, Stone R, Ball B, Stahl M. Intensive Induction Chemotherapy (IC) Vs Hypomethylating Agents + Venetoclax (HMA/VEN) in IDH1- or IDH2-Mutant Newly Diagnosed Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) - a Multicenter Cohort Study. Blood 2023, 142: 1589. DOI: 10.1182/blood-2023-174283.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchIntensive induction chemotherapyAcute myeloid leukemiaComposite complete responseMedian overall survivalOverall survivalComplete responseIDH2 mutationsAllo-SCTLarge multicenter retrospective cohort studyMulticenter retrospective cohort studyAllogeneic stem cell transplantationSecondary acute myeloid leukemiaComparable overall survivalIDH1 inhibitor ivosidenibHigh rateRetrospective cohort studyStem cell transplantationLog-rank testStandard of careLarge academic centerYears of ageEffect of treatmentIDH-mutant AMLMultivariable stepwiseFit patientsWhat Is the Optimal Treatment Modality in Molecularly Defined Secondary AML? a Multicenter Cohort Study
Shimony S, Bewersdorf J, Shallis R, Liu Y, Schaefer E, Zeidan A, Goldberg A, Stein E, Marcucci G, Chen E, Ramos J, Lindsley R, Stein A, DeAngelo D, Neuberg D, Stone R, Ball B, Stahl M. What Is the Optimal Treatment Modality in Molecularly Defined Secondary AML? a Multicenter Cohort Study. Blood 2023, 142: 1478. DOI: 10.1182/blood-2023-172763.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchAcute myeloid leukemiaComposite complete responseStem cell transplantationOverall survivalCPX-351Complete responseTreatment modalitiesMonosomal karyotypeCohort studyOdds ratioTreatment groupsLarge multicenter retrospective cohort studyMulticenter retrospective cohort studyAllogeneic stem cell transplantationSecondary acute myeloid leukemiaIncomplete count recoveryImproved overall survivalMedian overall survivalMulticenter cohort studyRetrospective cohort studyWorse overall survivalOptimal treatment modalityOptimal treatment selectionLog-rank testEffect of treatmentIntensive Induction Chemotherapy Vs Hypomethylating Agents + Venetoclax (HMA/VEN) in NPM1-Mutant Newly Diagnosed Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) - a Multicenter Cohort Study
Bewersdorf J, Shimony S, Shallis R, Liu Y, Schaefer E, Zeidan A, Goldberg A, Stein E, Marcucci G, Lindsley R, Chen E, Ramos J, Stein A, DeAngelo D, Neuberg D, Stone R, Ball B, Stahl M. Intensive Induction Chemotherapy Vs Hypomethylating Agents + Venetoclax (HMA/VEN) in NPM1-Mutant Newly Diagnosed Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) - a Multicenter Cohort Study. Blood 2023, 142: 2964. DOI: 10.1182/blood-2023-174285.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchNPM1 mutant acute myeloid leukemiaIntensive induction chemotherapyAcute myeloid leukemiaComposite complete responseMedian overall survivalOverall survivalComplete responseAllo-SCTPt ageAbnormal cytogeneticsCohort studyMyelodysplastic syndromePolymerase chain reactionClinical trialsMyeloid leukemiaNPM1 mutationsLarge multicenter retrospective cohort studyTime-varying covariatesMulticenter retrospective cohort studyAllogeneic stem cell transplantationPrior myelodysplastic syndromeMulticenter cohort studyRetrospective cohort studyStem cell transplantationPrior chemotherapy exposure
2022
Are We Moving the Needle for Patients with TP53-Mutated Acute Myeloid Leukemia?
Shallis RM, Bewersdorf JP, Stahl MF, Halene S, Zeidan AM. Are We Moving the Needle for Patients with TP53-Mutated Acute Myeloid Leukemia? Cancers 2022, 14: 2434. PMID: 35626039, PMCID: PMC9140008, DOI: 10.3390/cancers14102434.Peer-Reviewed Reviews, Practice Guidelines, Standards, and Consensus StatementsAcute myeloid leukemiaMyeloid leukemiaAllogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantationHematopoietic stem cell transplantationCD47/SIRPαIntensive induction therapyAvailable therapeutic optionsStem cell transplantationStandard of careAvailable clinical dataTesting of agentsInduction therapyMedian overallRefractory settingAggressive treatmentTim-3Immune checkpointsPreclinical rationaleTherapeutic optionsCell transplantationEfficacy dataClinical dataPatientsMolecular subgroupsTherapeutic agents
2021
Management of the Older Patient with Myelodysplastic Syndrome
Shallis RM, Zeidan AM. Management of the Older Patient with Myelodysplastic Syndrome. Drugs & Aging 2021, 38: 751-767. PMID: 34342860, DOI: 10.1007/s40266-021-00881-3.Peer-Reviewed Reviews, Practice Guidelines, Standards, and Consensus StatementsConceptsMyelodysplastic syndromeOlder patientsAllogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantationHematopoietic stem cell transplantationPrevalence of frailtyMajority of patientsStem cell transplantationPatient-specific factorsDrug-drug interactionsQuality of lifeAbsolute contraindicationPalliative therapyCare therapyCurative therapyIntensive therapyCell transplantationOptimal treatmentSubgroup analysisPatientsPsychosocial issuesSyndromeTherapyPersonalized treatmentAge associatesOlder populationMulti-institutional study evaluating clinical outcome with allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation after blinatumomab in patients with B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia: real-world data
Badar T, Szabo A, Litzow M, Burkart M, Yurkiewicz I, Dinner S, Hefazi M, Shallis RM, Podoltsev N, Patel AA, Curran E, Wadleigh M, Balasubramanian S, Yang J, Arslan S, Aldoss I, Mattison R, Cenin D, Siebenaller C, Advani A, Liedtke M, Atallah E. Multi-institutional study evaluating clinical outcome with allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation after blinatumomab in patients with B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia: real-world data. Bone Marrow Transplantation 2021, 56: 1998-2004. PMID: 33824440, DOI: 10.1038/s41409-021-01279-w.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsOverall survivalCumulative incidenceAllogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantationB-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemiaHematopoietic stem cell transplantationAcute lymphocytic leukemia patientsStem cell transplantationAcute lymphoblastic leukemiaLymphocytic leukemia patientsMulti-institutional studyReal-world analysisSevere cGVHDFree survivalClinical outcomesCell transplantationLymphoblastic leukemiaMulti-center dataClinical trialsAlloHCTLeukemia patientsBlinatumomabPatientsSurvivalIncidenceSubsequent salvage
2020
Sequencing of novel agents in relapsed/refractory B‐cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia: Blinatumomab and inotuzumab ozogamicin may have comparable efficacy as first or second novel agent therapy in relapsed/refractory acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Badar T, Szabo A, Dinner S, Liedtke M, Burkart M, Shallis RM, Yurkiewicz IR, Kuo E, Khan MA, Balasubramanian S, Yang J, Hefazi M, Podoltsev N, Patel A, Curran E, Wang A, Arslan S, Aldoss I, Siebenaller C, Mattison RJ, Litzow MR, Wadleigh M, Advani AS, Atallah E. Sequencing of novel agents in relapsed/refractory B‐cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia: Blinatumomab and inotuzumab ozogamicin may have comparable efficacy as first or second novel agent therapy in relapsed/refractory acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Cancer 2020, 127: 1039-1048. PMID: 33259056, DOI: 10.1002/cncr.33340.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdolescentAdultAgedAged, 80 and overAntibodies, BispecificAntineoplastic Agents, ImmunologicalDrug Administration ScheduleDrug Resistance, NeoplasmFemaleHematopoietic Stem Cell TransplantationHumansInotuzumab OzogamicinMaleMiddle AgedPrecursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-LymphomaRemission InductionRetrospective StudiesTreatment OutcomeWithholding TreatmentYoung AdultConceptsAcute lymphoblastic leukemiaRefractory B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemiaB-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemiaMedian overall survivalINO groupNovel agentsOverall survivalLymphoblastic leukemiaComplete remissionInotuzumab ozogamicinNA therapyComparable efficacyRelapsed/refractory (r/r) B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemiaAllogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantationCR/CRi rateIncomplete count recovery (CRi) ratesRefractory acute lymphoblastic leukemiaHematopoietic stem cell transplantationNovel agent therapyOutcomes of patientsStem cell transplantationBlinatumomab groupCRi rateTreatment discontinuationAdverse eventsCui bono? Finding the value of allogeneic stem cell transplantation for lower-risk myelodysplastic syndromes
Shallis RM, Podoltsev NA, Gowda L, Zeidan AM, Gore SD. Cui bono? Finding the value of allogeneic stem cell transplantation for lower-risk myelodysplastic syndromes. Expert Review Of Hematology 2020, 13: 447-460. PMID: 32182435, DOI: 10.1080/17474086.2020.1744433.Peer-Reviewed Reviews, Practice Guidelines, Standards, and Consensus StatementsConceptsAllogeneic stem cell transplantationStem cell transplantationAcute myeloid leukemiaMyelodysplastic syndromeMDS patientsRisk stratificationCell transplantationPrognostic toolLower-risk myelodysplastic syndromesHigh-risk myelodysplastic syndromeLow-risk MDS patientsSevere bone marrow failureLow-risk diseaseLow-risk patientsOnly curative optionPrognosis of patientsBone marrow failureAggressive therapyCurative optionPrognostic impactEtiologic roleDisease progressionMyeloid leukemiaAlloSCTPatientsReal-World Outcomes of Adult B-Cell Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia Patients Treated With Inotuzumab Ozogamicin
Badar T, Szabo A, Wadleigh M, Liedtke M, Arslan S, Siebenaller C, Aldoss I, Schultz E, Hefazi M, Litzow MR, Kuo E, Wang A, Curran E, Shallis RM, Podoltsev N, Balasubramanian S, Yang J, Mattison R, Burkart M, Dinner S, Advani A, Atallah E. Real-World Outcomes of Adult B-Cell Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia Patients Treated With Inotuzumab Ozogamicin. Clinical Lymphoma Myeloma & Leukemia 2020, 20: 556-560.e2. PMID: 32291234, DOI: 10.1016/j.clml.2020.03.004.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsB-cell acute lymphocytic leukemia patientsAcute lymphocytic leukemia patientsAllo-HCTLymphocytic leukemia patientsInotuzumab ozogamicinOverall survivalLeukemia patientsAllogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantationMinimal residual disease negativityHematopoietic stem cell transplantationCommon grade 3Efficacy of iNOHigher adverse eventsMedian overall survivalMulticenter cohort analysisVeno-occlusive diseaseDuration of responseStem cell transplantationOverall response rateINO initiationComplete remissionMedian durationAdverse eventsMedian ageCumulative dose
2019
Epidemiology of acute myeloid leukemia: Recent progress and enduring challenges
Shallis RM, Wang R, Davidoff A, Ma X, Zeidan AM. Epidemiology of acute myeloid leukemia: Recent progress and enduring challenges. Blood Reviews 2019, 36: 70-87. PMID: 31101526, DOI: 10.1016/j.blre.2019.04.005.Peer-Reviewed Reviews, Practice Guidelines, Standards, and Consensus StatementsConceptsAcute myeloid leukemiaPatient outcomesMyeloid leukemiaAllogeneic stem cell transplantationEtiology of AMLMinority of patientsStem cell transplantationAge-adjusted incidenceMost older individualsMyeloid progenitor cellsIntensive chemotherapyActive therapyClear etiologyOlder patientsRefractory diseaseSupportive careCurative therapyMedian agePoor prognosisShorter survivalCell transplantationDisease characteristicsEnvironmental DNA-damaging agentsMalignant disordersTherapeutic advancesAllogeneic stem cell transplantation and combination antiretroviral therapy: cautions, complications, and considerations
Shallis RM, Gleeson S, Azar M, Malinis M, Xu ML, Seropian SE, Gowda L, Zeidan AM. Allogeneic stem cell transplantation and combination antiretroviral therapy: cautions, complications, and considerations. Leukemia & Lymphoma 2019, 60: 2584-2587. PMID: 30943051, DOI: 10.1080/10428194.2019.1594221.Peer-Reviewed Reviews, Practice Guidelines, Standards, and Consensus Statements
2018
Epidemiology of myelodysplastic syndromes: Why characterizing the beast is a prerequisite to taming it
Zeidan AM, Shallis RM, Wang R, Davidoff A, Ma X. Epidemiology of myelodysplastic syndromes: Why characterizing the beast is a prerequisite to taming it. Blood Reviews 2018, 34: 1-15. PMID: 30314642, DOI: 10.1016/j.blre.2018.09.001.Peer-Reviewed Reviews, Practice Guidelines, Standards, and Consensus StatementsConceptsCase ascertainmentAllogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantationAnnual age-adjusted incidenceHematopoietic stem cell transplantationOutcomes of patientsAge-adjusted incidenceStem cell transplantationAcute myeloid leukemiaTraditional morphologic assessmentClassification of MDSVariable cytopeniasCell transplantationMyelodysplastic syndromePrior receiptInefficient hematopoiesisEffective therapyMale genderRisk factorsMyeloid leukemiaEpidemiological trendsTreatment decisionsMyeloid neoplasmsEpidemiological assessmentDiagnostic criteriaTemporal improvement