2014
Minimal Diversity of Drug-Resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis Strains, South Africa - Volume 20, Number 3—March 2014 - Emerging Infectious Diseases journal - CDC
Gandhi NR, Brust JC, Moodley P, Weissman D, Heo M, Ning Y, Moll AP, Friedland GH, Sturm AW, Shah NS. Minimal Diversity of Drug-Resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis Strains, South Africa - Volume 20, Number 3—March 2014 - Emerging Infectious Diseases journal - CDC. Emerging Infectious Diseases 2014, 20: 394-401. PMID: 24565645, PMCID: PMC3944869, DOI: 10.3201/eid2003.131083.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsXDR-TB casesMDR-TBXDR-TBTB casesDrug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis strainsInfectious Diseases journal - CDCDrug-susceptible TBDrug-resistant tuberculosisNon-Beijing strainsDrug-susceptible isolatesMycobacterium tuberculosis strainsStrain typesStrain prevalenceRetrospective studyHigh incidenceBeijing strainsTuberculosis strainsSpoligotype patternsPredominant strainMultidrugStrongest predictorMortalityTBSurvivalHIV
2011
Household contact investigation of multidrug-resistant and extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis in a high HIV prevalence setting
Vella V, Racalbuto V, Guerra R, Marra C, Moll A, Mhlanga Z, Maluleke M, Mhlope H, Margot B, Friedland G, Shah N, Gandhi N. Household contact investigation of multidrug-resistant and extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis in a high HIV prevalence setting. The International Journal Of Tuberculosis And Lung Disease 2011, 15: 1170-1175. PMID: 21943840, DOI: 10.5588/ijtld.10.0781.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdolescentAdultAntitubercular AgentsExtensively Drug-Resistant TuberculosisFamily CharacteristicsFemaleFollow-Up StudiesHIV InfectionsHumansIncidenceMaleMicrobial Sensitivity TestsMiddle AgedPrevalenceProspective StudiesSouth AfricaTime FactorsTuberculosis, Multidrug-ResistantYoung AdultConceptsDrug-resistant tuberculosisHousehold contactsXDR-TBIndex caseMDR-TBPrevalence settingsHigh human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) prevalence settingsMDR-TB index casesHigh HIV prevalence settingsAdult household contactsHousehold contact investigationIndex case diagnosisMost secondary casesHIV prevalence settingsRate of MDRDrug susceptibility testingDiagnosis of MDRPublic health activitiesActive tuberculosisNosocomial transmissionContact investigationMedian timeIncidence rateSecondary casesObservational studySpread of Extensively Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis in KwaZulu-Natal Province, South Africa
Moodley P, Shah NS, Tayob N, Connolly C, Zetola N, Gandhi N, Friedland G, Sturm AW. Spread of Extensively Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis in KwaZulu-Natal Province, South Africa. PLOS ONE 2011, 6: e17513. PMID: 21655324, PMCID: PMC3104985, DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0017513.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAntitubercular AgentsCross-Sectional StudiesEthambutolExtensively Drug-Resistant TuberculosisHumansIsoniazidKanamycinMicrobial Sensitivity TestsOfloxacinRifampinSouth AfricaStreptomycinConceptsMDR-TB casesDrug-resistant tuberculosisXDR-TB casesXDR-TBDrug susceptibility test resultsExtensively Drug-Resistant TuberculosisMDR tuberculosis casesMDR-TB patientsXDR-TB patientsCulture-confirmed casesProvincial referral hospitalCross-sectional studyKwaZulu-Natal ProvinceSource of infectionTB casesNumber of hospitalsReferral hospitalSputum cultureTuberculosis casesScotland hospitalsPatientsHealthcare districtsHospitalClinical diagnosisLaboratory databaseIncreasing Drug Resistance in Extensively Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis, South Africa - Volume 17, Number 3—March 2011 - Emerging Infectious Diseases journal - CDC
Shah NS, Richardson J, Moodley P, Moodley S, Babaria P, Ramtahal M, Heysell SK, Li X, Moll AP, Friedland G, Sturm AW, Gandhi NR. Increasing Drug Resistance in Extensively Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis, South Africa - Volume 17, Number 3—March 2011 - Emerging Infectious Diseases journal - CDC. Emerging Infectious Diseases 2011, 17: 510-513. PMID: 21392446, PMCID: PMC3166021, DOI: 10.3201/eid1703.101363.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsExtensively Drug-Resistant TuberculosisTuberculosis drug susceptibility testingDrug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosisInfectious Diseases journal - CDCDrug-resistant TBDrug-resistant tuberculosisDrug susceptibility testingEffective treatmentAvailable drugsDrug resistanceSusceptibility testingMycobacterium tuberculosisTuberculosisDrugsPatientsRapid Diagnosis of Tuberculosis and Multidrug Resistance by the Microscopic-Observation Drug-Susceptibility Assay
Shah NS, Moodley P, Babaria P, Moodley S, Ramtahal M, Richardson J, Heysell S, Li X, Moll A, Friedland G, Sturm AW, Gandhi NR. Rapid Diagnosis of Tuberculosis and Multidrug Resistance by the Microscopic-Observation Drug-Susceptibility Assay. American Journal Of Respiratory And Critical Care Medicine 2011, 183: 1427-1433. PMID: 21297071, DOI: 10.1164/rccm.201009-1449oc.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsDrug susceptibility testingMDR-TB diagnosisMDR-TBHIV statusMultidrug-resistant (MDR) TBProportion methodRapid diagnosisProspective diagnostic accuracy studyAdult TB suspectsMicroscopic-Observation DrugReference standard cultureMedian CD4 countPatient's HIV statusHIV prevalence settingsIndirect proportion methodMycobacterial growth indicator tube (MGIT) cultureMedian turnaround timeResource-limited settingsReference standardDiagnostic accuracy studiesCD4 countMycobacterium tuberculosis detectionConsecutive adultsTB suspectsHIV prevalence
2010
Extensively Drug-Resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis from Aspirates, Rural South Africa - Volume 16, Number 3—March 2010 - Emerging Infectious Diseases journal - CDC
Heysell SK, Moll AP, Gandhi NR, Eksteen F, Babaria P, Coovadia Y, Roux L, Lalloo U, Friedland G, Shah NS, Heysell S, Moll A, Gandhi N, Eksteen F, Babaria P, Coovadia Y, Roux L, Lalloo U, Friedland G, Shah N, Heysell S, Moll A, Gandhi N, Eksteen F, Babaria P, Coovadia Y, Roux L, Lalloo U, Friedland G, Shah N. Extensively Drug-Resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis from Aspirates, Rural South Africa - Volume 16, Number 3—March 2010 - Emerging Infectious Diseases journal - CDC. Emerging Infectious Diseases 2010, 16: 557-560. PMID: 20202446, PMCID: PMC3322040, DOI: 10.3201/eid1603.091486.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdultAIDS-Related Opportunistic InfectionsAntitubercular AgentsBiopsy, Fine-NeedleCulture MediaDrug Resistance, Multiple, BacterialExtensively Drug-Resistant TuberculosisFemaleHIV InfectionsHumansLymph NodesMaleMicrobial Sensitivity TestsMycobacterium tuberculosisPleural EffusionRural PopulationSouth Africa
1996
Invasive Pneumococcal Disease: Clinical Features, Serotypes, and Antimicrobial Resistance Patterns in Cases Involving Patients with and Without Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection
Frankel R, Virata M, Hardalo C, Altice F, Friedland G. Invasive Pneumococcal Disease: Clinical Features, Serotypes, and Antimicrobial Resistance Patterns in Cases Involving Patients with and Without Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection. Clinical Infectious Diseases 1996, 23: 577-584. PMID: 8879783, DOI: 10.1093/clinids/23.3.577.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsInvasive pneumococcal diseasePneumococcal diseaseClinical featuresPenicillin-resistant pneumococcal infectionsHuman immunodeficiency virus (HIV) diseaseHuman immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infectionCommon capsular typesSource of bacteremiaImmunodeficiency virus infectionOverall mortality rateAntibiotic susceptibility patternPolyvalent pneumococcal vaccineType 9VCommon risk factorsPenicillin-resistant isolatesAntimicrobial resistance patternsPneumococcal infectionPneumococcal vaccineHIV infectionHIV serostatusHIV statusRecurrence rateInvasive diseaseRisk factorsSusceptibility patterns