Macrophage migration inhibitory factor is a critical mediator of the activation of immune cells by exotoxins of Gram-positive bacteria
Calandra T, Spiegel L, Metz C, Bucala R. Macrophage migration inhibitory factor is a critical mediator of the activation of immune cells by exotoxins of Gram-positive bacteria. Proceedings Of The National Academy Of Sciences Of The United States Of America 1998, 95: 11383-11388. PMID: 9736745, PMCID: PMC21651, DOI: 10.1073/pnas.95.19.11383.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAnimalsAntibodiesBacterial ToxinsCell DivisionCells, CulturedDisease Models, AnimalEnterotoxinsExotoxinsGram-Positive BacteriaInflammationInterferon-gammaInterleukin-2Lymphocyte ActivationMacrophage Migration-Inhibitory FactorsMacrophages, PeritonealMicePituitary GlandShock, SepticSpleenStaphylococcusStreptococcusSuperantigensConceptsMacrophage migration inhibitory factorMigration inhibitory factorMIF secretionInhibitory factorStaphylococcal toxic shock syndrome toxin 1Toxic shock syndrome toxin-1Anti-MIF antibodiesSplenocyte cytokine productionTSST-1 injectionInterferon-gamma secretionLethal mouse modelStreptococcal pyrogenic exotoxinT cell cytokinesInnate host responseLethal toxic shockProliferation of splenocytesT-cell productsInnate immune responseSyndrome toxin-1Dose-response studyMouse peritoneal macrophagesSpleen enlargementMIF antibodyC57BL/6 miceCytokine production