The multilevel organization of vicarious pain responses: Effects of pain cues and empathy traits on spinal nociception and acute pain
VachonPresseau E, Martel M, Roy M, Caron E, Jackson P, Rainville P. The multilevel organization of vicarious pain responses: Effects of pain cues and empathy traits on spinal nociception and acute pain. Pain 2011, 152: 1525-1531. PMID: 21439727, DOI: 10.1016/j.pain.2011.02.039.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdolescentAdultAnalysis of VarianceCuesElectric StimulationElectromyographyEmpathyFacial ExpressionFemaleHumansImaginationInterpersonal RelationsMalePainPain MeasurementPain PerceptionPhotic StimulationPsychophysicsReflexRegression AnalysisSural NerveSurveys and QuestionnairesYoung AdultConceptsVicarious painPain picturesPainful facial expressionsNociceptive flexion reflexEmpathic traitsEmpathy traitsEmotional informationPerceptual processesEmpathic responsesBrain systemsPain cuesFacial expressionsComparable pain intensityNeural systemsAltruistic behaviorPriming processPain intensityEmpathyPain perceptionMultilevel organizationFacilitationTranscutaneous electrical stimulationPain facilitationAcute painSural nerve