2025
Vulnerability Index Approach to Identify Pharmacy Deserts and Keystone Pharmacies
Mathis W, Berenbrok L, Kahn P, Appolon G, Tang S, Hernandez I. Vulnerability Index Approach to Identify Pharmacy Deserts and Keystone Pharmacies. JAMA Network Open 2025, 8: e250715. PMID: 40080019, PMCID: PMC11907307, DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2025.0715.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsNational Council for Prescription Drug ProgramsPharmacy desertsSmall rural areasCross-sectional studyPharmacy accessCensus tractsPopulation-based cross-sectional studyRural areasLow-income areasHealth equityPrescription drug programPharmacy servicesMedication dispensingCommunity pharmaciesMain OutcomesTargeted policy interventionsPharmacy dataPrimary exposureSignificant disparitiesNearest pharmacyReimbursement ratesAt-riskPharmacyPublic healthPoint-of-care testing
2024
Racial and ethnic inequities in spatial access to pharmacies: A geographic information system analysis
Appolon G, Tang S, Gabriel N, Morales J, Berenbrok L, LaCroix A, Guo J, Mathis W, Hernandez I. Racial and ethnic inequities in spatial access to pharmacies: A geographic information system analysis. Journal Of The American Pharmacists Association 2024, 64: 102131. PMID: 38796160, DOI: 10.1016/j.japh.2024.102131.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchRural-urban continuumPharmacy accessRacial/ethnic inequalitiesWhite individualsRacial/ethnic groupsSpatial accessibilityArea Deprivation IndexRural areasCensus block levelLogistic regression modelsDeprivation indexHealthcare accessHealthcare providersCommunity pharmacistsRural countiesCommunity pharmaciesCensus tractsUrban countiesResearch Triangle InstituteSuburban areasEthnic inequalitiesRacial/ethnic compositionUS regionsRural communitiesPharmacy
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