HIV, smoking, and the brain: a convergence of neurotoxicities
Orlinick B, Farhadian S. HIV, smoking, and the brain: a convergence of neurotoxicities. AIDS Research And Therapy 2025, 22: 13. PMID: 39915881, PMCID: PMC11804093, DOI: 10.1186/s12981-025-00714-y.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsHuman immunodeficiency virusCholinergic anti-inflammatory pathwayAnti-inflammatory pathwayNeurocognitive impairmentTobacco smokeEffect of human immunodeficiency virusEffects of tobacco smokingNeurotoxic effectsBrain volume changesClinically significant impactIncreased oxidative stressImmunodeficiency virusAlpha7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptorPWHBrain regionsMicroglial activationCognitive functionBrain healthIncreased neuroinflammationNeuronal apoptosisTherapeutic targetAcetylcholine receptorsGeneral populationNeurotoxicitySmoking
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