Robin de Graaf, PhD
Professor of Radiology and Biomedical ImagingDownloadHi-Res Photo
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Contact Info
Radiology & Biomedical Imaging
PO Box 208042, Tompkin's East 2
New Haven, CT 06520-8042
United States
About
Titles
Professor of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging
Appointments
Radiology & Biomedical Imaging
ProfessorPrimary
Other Departments & Organizations
- Bioimaging Sciences
- Dean's Workshops
- Deuterium Metabolic Imaging (DMI)
- Magnetic Resonance Research Center
- Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
- Quantitative Neuroscience with Magnetic Resonance
- Radiology & Biomedical Imaging
- Yale Ventures
Education & Training
- PhD
- Utrecht University (1998)
- Ph.D. student
- Utrecht University (1994)
Research
Overview
The main focus of Dr. Robin de Graaf's research is the study of cerebral energy metabolism and its relationship to functional activation in human and animal brains. NMR spectroscopy (proton, (inverse) carbon-13, oxygen-17 and phosphorus-31) is the most important tool in the study of metabolic processes and fluxes, non-invasively in vivo. Besides studying brain energy metabolism, a significant part of the research is reserved for technological and methodological improvements to the technique of NMR spectroscopy. These include methods for better water suppression, spatial localization, spectral editing, quantification, and shimming. Dr. de Graaf's current research focus covers areas that are all related to tackling the challenges and grasping the opportunities of MR at very high magnetic fields. Developing methods to achieve magnetic field uniformity throughout the human and animal brain are central to the technological innovation of his research. The problem of magnetic field inhomogeneity is tackled through dynamic shimming and through the use of novel electrical coil element arrays. 13C NMR methods have been pioneered at the Yale MRRC and part of his research is to extend those methods to achieve 3D coverage, higher sensitivity (through 1H detection), and higher specificity (e.g., GABA turnover detection).
Software Download:
1. Multi-coil shimming of the human brain at 7 T.
2. 3D metabolic flux mapping on rat brain in situ.
3. Development of 1H[13C] NMR methods at 7 T.
4. Compensation of gradient-related magnetic field perturbations.
5. 1H NMR-based metabolomics.
Medical Research Interests
Biomedical Engineering; Energy Metabolism; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Radiology
Research at a Glance
Yale Co-Authors
Frequent collaborators of Robin de Graaf's published research.
Publications Timeline
A big-picture view of Robin de Graaf's research output by year.
Research Interests
Research topics Robin de Graaf is interested in exploring.
Henk De Feyter, PhD
Douglas Rothman, PhD
Graeme Mason, PhD
Robert Fulbright, MD
James Duncan, PhD
John Onofrey, PhD
93Publications
2,981Citations
Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
Energy Metabolism
Publications
2024
NIMG-30. DEUTERIUM METABOLIC IMAGING (DMI) SHOWS A STRONG RELATION BETWEEN TUMOR GRADE AND GLUCOSE METABOLISM IN PRIMARY BRAIN TUMORS
Thaw-Poon S, Blondin N, Liu Y, Corbin Z, Baehring J, Omuro A, Moliterno J, Omay S, Fulbright R, de Graaf R, De Feyter H. NIMG-30. DEUTERIUM METABOLIC IMAGING (DMI) SHOWS A STRONG RELATION BETWEEN TUMOR GRADE AND GLUCOSE METABOLISM IN PRIMARY BRAIN TUMORS. Neuro-Oncology 2024, 26: viii201-viii201. PMCID: PMC11553074, DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noae165.0795.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsGrade 2 lesionsTumor gradeDeuterium metabolic imagingMetabolic imagingNon-enhancing tumor regionsBrain tumorsTumor-to-brain contrastTumour-specific valuesActive tumor tissueImage contrastVOI-based analysisGrade 4Evaluate disease progressionTesla MRI scannerFDG-PETGrade 3Lesion gradeTumor tissuesDisease progressionDisease stageOral administrationTumorObservational studyNormal brainContrast enhancementNIMG-32. ORAL ADMINISTRATION OF DEUTERATED CHOLINE AS A NEW APPROACH TO PROVIDE HIGH TUMOR-TO-BRAIN IMAGE CONTRAST IN DEUTERIUM METABOLIC IMAGING (DMI)
Osoliniec V, Thomas M, de Graaf R, De Feyter H. NIMG-32. ORAL ADMINISTRATION OF DEUTERATED CHOLINE AS A NEW APPROACH TO PROVIDE HIGH TUMOR-TO-BRAIN IMAGE CONTRAST IN DEUTERIUM METABOLIC IMAGING (DMI). Neuro-Oncology 2024, 26: viii202-viii202. PMCID: PMC11552881, DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noae165.0797.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsTumor-to-brain contrastOral administrationMetabolic imagingDeuterium metabolic imagingIV infusionTCho concentrationOrthotopic models of glioblastomaNormal brainContralateral normal brainTumor-to-brainDays of oral administrationModels of glioblastomaAdministration of cholineTesla MRI scannerTCho signalMg/kg body weightOrthotopic modelFDG-PETOral administration of cholineTotal cholineDaily doseIntravenous infusionF344 ratsTail veinCholine metabolitesDevelopment of a 31P magnetic resonance spectroscopy technique to quantify NADH and NAD+ at 3 T
Mevenkamp J, Bruls Y, Mancilla R, Grevendonk L, Wildberger J, Brouwers K, Hesselink M, Schrauwen P, Hoeks J, Houtkooper R, Buitinga M, de Graaf R, Lindeboom L, Schrauwen-Hinderling V. Development of a 31P magnetic resonance spectroscopy technique to quantify NADH and NAD+ at 3 T. Nature Communications 2024, 15: 9159. PMID: 39443469, PMCID: PMC11499639, DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-53292-4.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchAltmetricMeSH Keywords and ConceptsConceptsPhysically active older adultsActive older adultsMetabolic healthHuman skeletal musclePhosphorous magnetic resonance spectroscopySedentary individualsOlder adultsStimulate mitochondrial biogenesisHealthSkeletal muscleMitochondrial biogenesisNAD+Physiological decreaseNADH contentNADHQuantify NADHClinical 3Magnetic resonance spectroscopy techniquesMR sequencesAdultsMeasurement reproducibilityA Flow-based Truncated Denoising Diffusion Model for super-resolution Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopic Imaging
Dong S, Cai Z, Hangel G, Bogner W, Widhalm G, Huang Y, Liang Q, You C, Kumaragamage C, Fulbright R, Mahajan A, Karbasi A, Onofrey J, de Graaf R, Duncan J. A Flow-based Truncated Denoising Diffusion Model for super-resolution Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopic Imaging. Medical Image Analysis 2024, 99: 103358. PMID: 39353335, DOI: 10.1016/j.media.2024.103358.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsDenoising diffusion modelsDeep learning-based super-resolution methodsLearning-based super-resolution methodsMulti-scale super-resolutionGenerative modelSuper-resolution methodsDeep learning modelsHigh-resolution magnetic resonance spectroscopic imagingHigh-quality imagesPost-processing approachSuper-resolutionFlow-based networksLearning modelsLow resolutionTruncation stepLow-resolution dataSharpness adjustmentNetworkSensitivity restrictionsUncertainty estimationDiffusion modelImagesCapabilitySampling processSpectroscopic imagingHigh-quality lipid suppression and B0 shimming for human brain 1H MRSI
Kumaragamage C, McIntyre S, Nixon T, De Feyter H, de Graaf R. High-quality lipid suppression and B0 shimming for human brain 1H MRSI. NeuroImage 2024, 300: 120845. PMID: 39276817, PMCID: PMC11540284, DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2024.120845.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsOuter volume suppressionInner volume selectionSlice coverageField shimmingLipid suppressionMRSI acquisitionMagnetic field shimmingMagnetic resonance spectroscopic imagingSpherical harmonic fieldsBrain non-invasivelyAxial coverageMulti-coilRadio frequencyVolume suppressionB0 shimmingBrain coverageGradient coilsHarmonic fieldVolume selectionGradient insertShimming performancePhantom experimentsField variationsSpectroscopic imagingProton magnetic resonance spectroscopic imagingIndirect 1H–[13C] MRS of the human brain at 7 T using a 13C‐birdcage coil and eight transmit–receive 1H‐dipole antennas with a 32‐channel 1H‐receive array
Jacobs S, Prompers J, van der Kemp W, van der Velden T, Gosselink M, Meliadò E, Hoogduin H, Mason G, de Graaf R, Miller C, Bredael G, van der Kolk A, Alborahal C, Klomp D, Wiegers E. Indirect 1H–[13C] MRS of the human brain at 7 T using a 13C‐birdcage coil and eight transmit–receive 1H‐dipole antennas with a 32‐channel 1H‐receive array. NMR In Biomedicine 2024, 37: e5195. PMID: 38845018, DOI: 10.1002/nbm.5195.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsStimulated echo acquisition modeSignal-to-noise ratioSlice-selective excitationAdiabatic selective refocusingUltra-high fieldIncreased spectral dispersionEcho acquisition modeSpectral dispersionVoxel positionSemi-localPhantomAcquisition modeElectromagnetic simulationsHuman brainSAR limitsExcitationBi-frontalSLASERHealthy volunteersSpectraB0 Eddy Current Compensation of an Unshielded Pulsed Z2 Gradient for Applications in Human Brain Proton MRSI
Kumaragamage C, Nixon T, McIntyre S, De Feyter H, de Graaf R. B0 Eddy Current Compensation of an Unshielded Pulsed Z2 Gradient for Applications in Human Brain Proton MRSI. Proceedings Of The International Society For Magnetic Resonance In Medicine ... Scientific Meeting And Exhibition. 2024 DOI: 10.58530/2024/3937.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchTowards cardiac DMI at clinical field strengths
Xiang J, de Graaf R, De Feyter H, Thomas M, Baldassarre L, Kwan J, Coman D, Herman P, Peters D. Towards cardiac DMI at clinical field strengths. Proceedings Of The International Society For Magnetic Resonance In Medicine ... Scientific Meeting And Exhibition. 2024 DOI: 10.58530/2024/3052.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchCharacterization of Eddy-Currents Associated with Multi-Coil B0 Field Control in an Accessible Head-Only Scanner
Theilenberg S, Ismail R, Froelich T, DeLabarre L, Nixon T, de Graaf R, Garwood M, Juchem C. Characterization of Eddy-Currents Associated with Multi-Coil B0 Field Control in an Accessible Head-Only Scanner. Proceedings Of The International Society For Magnetic Resonance In Medicine ... Scientific Meeting And Exhibition. 2024 DOI: 10.58530/2024/3932.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchLipid removal in deuterium metabolic imaging (DMI) using spatial prior knowledge
de Graaf R, Liu Y, Corbin Z, De Feyter H. Lipid removal in deuterium metabolic imaging (DMI) using spatial prior knowledge. Magnetic Resonance 2024, 5: 21-31. DOI: 10.5194/mr-5-21-2024.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchAltmetric
Clinical Trials
Current Trials
Impact of Hypoglycemia on Brain Ketone and Neurotransmitter Metabolism in Type 1 DM
HIC ID1208010648RoleSub InvestigatorPrimary Completion Date09/29/2022Recruiting ParticipantsGenderBothAge18+ years
Academic Achievements & Community Involvement
activity NMR at High Magnetic Fields
LectureInvited Lecturer, NMR at High Magnetic FieldsDetails01/01/2008 - PresentUtrecht, UT, NetherlandsSponsored by Utrecht UniversityAbstract/SynopsisInvited Lecturer, NMR at High Magnetic Fields
activity In vivo NMR spectroscopy at high magnetic fields
LectureHigh-field Magnetic Resonance in MedicineDetails01/01/2005 - PresentUtrecht, UT, NetherlandsSponsored by Utrecht UniversityAbstract/SynopsisInvited Lecturer, In vivo NMR spectroscopy at high magnetic fields, Symposium ‘High-field Magnetic Resonance in Medicine’
activity Energetic costs associated with glutamatergic and GABAergic neurotransmission
LectureInvited Lecturer, Energetic costs associated with glutamatergic and GABAergic neurotransmission, BrainDetails01/01/2005 - PresentAmsterdam, North Holland, NetherlandsAbstract/SynopsisInvited Lecturer, Energetic costs associated with glutamatergic and GABAergic neurotransmission, Brain
activity Theory of adiabatic RF pulses
LectureInvited Lecturer, Theory of adiabatic RF pulsesDetails01/01/1998 - PresentLondon, ON, CanadaSponsored by University of LondonAbstract/SynopsisInvited Lecturer, Theory of adiabatic RF pulses
News & Links
Media
- MR technology developments are focused on magnetic field shaping to allow improved magnetic field homogeneity ('shimming'), spatial localization and novel MRI methods. Educational efforts are pursued via publications, lectures, books and on-line videos. Cerebral metabolism is studied with a range of MR spectroscopy methods, including 13C and 31P MRS as well as the novel deuterium metabolic imaging (DMI) method.
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Mailing Address
Radiology & Biomedical Imaging
PO Box 208042, Tompkin's East 2
New Haven, CT 06520-8042
United States