2017
Postapproval studies of drugs initially approved by the FDA on the basis of limited evidence: systematic review
Pease AM, Krumholz HM, Downing NS, Aminawung JA, Shah ND, Ross JS. Postapproval studies of drugs initially approved by the FDA on the basis of limited evidence: systematic review. The BMJ 2017, 357: j1680. PMID: 28468750, PMCID: PMC5421452, DOI: 10.1136/bmj.j1680.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsSingle pivotal trialPivotal trialsPostapproval studiesSurrogate markerPrimary endpointNovel drugsClinical outcomesClinical studiesLimited evidenceSystematic reviewDouble-blind studyMedian total numberClinical evidenceSuperior efficacyBlind studyDrug AdministrationOriginal FDATrial approvalDiseaseTrialsDrugsFDAEndpointEfficacyMarkers
2012
Regulatory Review of Novel Therapeutics — Comparison of Three Regulatory Agencies
Downing NS, Aminawung JA, Shah ND, Braunstein JB, Krumholz HM, Ross JS. Regulatory Review of Novel Therapeutics — Comparison of Three Regulatory Agencies. New England Journal Of Medicine 2012, 366: 2284-2293. PMID: 22591257, PMCID: PMC3504361, DOI: 10.1056/nejmsa1200223.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsNovel therapeutic agentsEuropean Medicines AgencyHealth CanadaTherapeutic agentsNew therapeutic agentsMedian lengthTherapeutic comparisonsDrug AdministrationMedicines AgencyNew drug applicationsPrescription Drug User Fee ActNovel therapeuticsDrug applicationFDAUnique agentUnited StatesTotal review timeFirst reviewRegulatory agenciesReview timeDaysAgentsReviewRegulatory reviewVast majority