2024
Adipose Tissue Insulin Resistance in Children and Adolescents: Linking Glucose and Free Fatty Acid Metabolism to Hepatic Injury Markers
Bonet J, Weiss R, Galderisi A, Man C, Caprio S, Santoro N. Adipose Tissue Insulin Resistance in Children and Adolescents: Linking Glucose and Free Fatty Acid Metabolism to Hepatic Injury Markers. AJP Endocrinology And Metabolism 2024 PMID: 39503461, DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00270.2024.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchImpaired glucose toleranceInsulin sensitivity indexAlanine transaminaseInsulin resistanceFree fatty acid metabolismInsulin sensitivityP<10<sup>-6</sup>Years of follow-upMeasurement of liver function testsLiver function testsFree fatty acidsAdipose tissue insulin resistanceAdipose tissue insulin sensitivityHepatic injury markersPlasma alanine transaminaseEstimated insulin sensitivity indexTissue insulin sensitivityMann-Whitney testTissue insulin resistanceType 2 diabetesDevelopment of insulin resistanceProgression of insulin resistanceOral minimal modelCardiometabolic complicationsInsulin-resistant statesAlirocumab in Pediatric Patients With Heterozygous Familial Hypercholesterolemia
Santos R, Wiegman A, Caprio S, Cariou B, Averna M, Poulouin Y, Scemama M, Manvelian G, Garon G, Daniels S. Alirocumab in Pediatric Patients With Heterozygous Familial Hypercholesterolemia. JAMA Pediatrics 2024, 178: 283-293. PMID: 38315470, PMCID: PMC10845038, DOI: 10.1001/jamapediatrics.2023.6477.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchDouble-blind periodLipid-lowering therapyHeterozygous familial hypercholesterolemiaPediatric patientsLDL-CLipid parametersFamilial hypercholesterolemiaRecommended low-density lipoprotein cholesterolAdjunctive lipid-lowering therapiesSecondary efficacy end pointsEnd pointsPediatric patients aged 8Least-squares mean differenceEfficacy of alirocumabOpen-label periodEfficacy end pointLow-density lipoprotein cholesterolReduced LDL-CBaseline to weekPrimary end pointAdverse event incidencePatients aged 8Randomized clinical trialsSquare mean differencesStatistically significant reductionAltered extracellular matrix dynamics is associated with insulin resistance in adolescent children with obesity
Slusher A, Nouws J, Tokoglu F, Vash‐Margita A, Matthews M, Fitch M, Shankaran M, Hellerstein M, Caprio S. Altered extracellular matrix dynamics is associated with insulin resistance in adolescent children with obesity. Obesity 2024, 32: 593-602. PMID: 38410080, PMCID: PMC11034857, DOI: 10.1002/oby.23974.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsSubcutaneous adipose tissueLiver fat contentInsulin resistanceInsulin sensitivityEctopic storage of lipidOral glucose tolerance testGluteal subcutaneous adipose tissueExtracellular matrix dynamicsMagnetic resonance imaging scansAdipose tissueBody fat distribution patternsFibrogenesis in vivoAdipocyte turnoverAssociated with insulin resistanceGlucose tolerance testFat distribution patternsWhole-body IRAdipose tissue insulin signalingTissue insulin signalingTolerance testGluteal fatImaging scansPathophysiological pathwaysAssociated with ratioObesityObesity, Growth, Development, Metabolic Disorder, and Insulin Resistance in Pediatrics
Santoro N, Galderisi A, Caprio S. Obesity, Growth, Development, Metabolic Disorder, and Insulin Resistance in Pediatrics. 2024, vol1:608-vol1:616. DOI: 10.1201/9781003437734-70.ChaptersNonalcoholic fatty liver diseaseType 2 diabetesInsulin resistanceAdolescent obesityAssociated with precocious pubertyDevelopment of prediabetesCardiometabolic risk factorsPathogenesis of insulin resistanceFatty liver diseasePrecocious pubertyClinical peculiaritiesPediatric obesityLiver diseaseRisk factorsGlobal health challengeMetabolic disordersObesityFatty liverPathological complicationsPotential mechanismsInsulinHealth challengesChildrenComplicationsDyslipidemia
2023
Efficacy and safety of alirocumab in children and adolescents with heterozygous familial hypercholesterolaemia inadequately controlled with statins
Santos R, Wiegman A, Caprio S, Cariou B, Averna M, Poulouin Y, Scemama M, Manvelian G, Garon G, Daniels S. Efficacy and safety of alirocumab in children and adolescents with heterozygous familial hypercholesterolaemia inadequately controlled with statins. European Heart Journal 2023, 44: ehad655.2809. DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehad655.2809.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchProprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9Safety of alirocumabKey secondary endpointHeterozygous familial hypercholesterolaemiaWeek 24Secondary endpointsPediatric patientsLipid parametersFamilial hypercholesterolaemiaTreatment periodTreatment groupsInternational phase 3 trialConvertase subtilisin/kexin type 9Subtilisin/kexin type 9Atherogenic lipid parametersEfficacy of alirocumabMean baseline LDLOpen-label periodPhase 3 trialLDL cholesterol levelsSignificant treatment differencesAlirocumab treatmentBaseline LDLPlacebo Q2WWeek 104Obesity, Growth, Development, Metabolic Disorder, and Insulin Resistance in Pediatrics
Santoro N, Galderisi A, Caprio S. Obesity, Growth, Development, Metabolic Disorder, and Insulin Resistance in Pediatrics. 2023, 608-616. DOI: 10.1201/9781003437673-70.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchNonalcoholic fatty liver diseaseType 2 diabetesInsulin resistanceAdolescent obesityCardiometabolic risk factorsMajor global health challengeFatty liver diseaseDevelopment of prediabetesGlobal health challengeClinical peculiaritiesFatty liverLiver diseasePediatric obesityRisk factorsPrecocious pubertyMetabolic disordersPathological complicationsObesityHealth challengesPsychosocial conditionsPotential mechanismsDiabetesEarly ageChildrenDyslipidemia
2014
Leptin Is Associated With Exaggerated Brain Reward and Emotion Responses to Food Images in Adolescent Obesity
Jastreboff AM, Lacadie C, Seo D, Kubat J, Van Name MA, Giannini C, Savoye M, Constable RT, Sherwin RS, Caprio S, Sinha R. Leptin Is Associated With Exaggerated Brain Reward and Emotion Responses to Food Images in Adolescent Obesity. Diabetes Care 2014, 37: 3061-3068. PMID: 25139883, PMCID: PMC4207200, DOI: 10.2337/dc14-0525.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsLow-calorie foodsBrain responsesFood imagesEmotion processingEmotion responsesAdolescent brainNeural responsesNeural activationHigh-calorie food consumptionFood cravingsNeural alterationsBrain rewardFunctional MRIAdolescent obesityRisk of overconsumptionAdolescentsObesity-related metabolic changesEndogenous leptin levelsFood advertisingMetabolic changesYouthDevelopment of obesityType 2 diabetesLean adolescentsNation's youthA low disposition index in adolescent offspring of mothers with gestational diabetes: a risk marker for the development of impaired glucose tolerance in youth
Holder T, Giannini C, Santoro N, Pierpont B, Shaw M, Duran E, Caprio S, Weiss R. A low disposition index in adolescent offspring of mothers with gestational diabetes: a risk marker for the development of impaired glucose tolerance in youth. Diabetologia 2014, 57: 2413-2420. PMID: 25168408, DOI: 10.1007/s00125-014-3345-2.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsGestational diabetes mellitusImpaired glucose toleranceType 2 diabetesGlucose toleranceNGDM groupDisposition indexInsulin sensitivityNormal glucose toleranceLower disposition indexOral disposition indexBeta-cell functionGestational diabetesDiabetes mellitusUtero exposureObese adolescentsRisk markersGlucose exposureBeta cellsDiabetesAdolescent offspringCell functionSignificant predictorsUteroEarlier inabilityExposureThe development of type 2 diabetes in the obese adolescents: a growing challenge.
Caprio S. The development of type 2 diabetes in the obese adolescents: a growing challenge. Clinical Biochemistry 2014, 47: 721. PMID: 24854690, DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2014.05.027.Peer-Reviewed Original Research