2005
Advancing an epidural catheter 10 cm then retracting it 5 cm is no more effective than advancing it 5 cm
Cartagena R, Gaiser R. Advancing an epidural catheter 10 cm then retracting it 5 cm is no more effective than advancing it 5 cm. Journal Of Clinical Anesthesia 2005, 17: 528-530. PMID: 16297752, DOI: 10.1016/j.jclinane.2005.08.002.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsEpidural catheterIntravascular placementSensory levelProspective Randomized StudyClear clinical benefitUniversity Medical CenterRandomized studyEpidural anesthesiaClinical benefitEpidural spaceMedical CenterCatheterParesthesiaDelivery unitFurther studiesPatientsGroupPlacementParturientsAnesthesiaHigh frequency
2003
The epidural test dose in obstetric anesthesia: it is not obsolete
Gaiser R. The epidural test dose in obstetric anesthesia: it is not obsolete. Journal Of Clinical Anesthesia 2003, 15: 474-477. PMID: 14652129, DOI: 10.1016/s0952-8180(03)00113-2.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsEpidural test doseTest dosePositive test doseMaternal heart rateLidocaine 1.5Tachycardic responsesEpidural catheterObstetric patientsLabor painUterine contractionsObstetric anesthesiaHeart rateIntravascular cathetersSensory levelCatheterDoseIncorrect placementLack of sensitivityMinutesPainPatientsAnesthesiaAnesthesiologistsEpinephrineFetuses