2023
Clinical experience with the α2A-adrenoceptor agonist, guanfacine, and N-acetylcysteine for the treatment of cognitive deficits in “Long-COVID19”
Fesharaki-Zadeh A, Lowe N, Arnsten A. Clinical experience with the α2A-adrenoceptor agonist, guanfacine, and N-acetylcysteine for the treatment of cognitive deficits in “Long-COVID19”. Neuroimmunology Reports 2023, 3: 100154. DOI: 10.1016/j.nerep.2022.100154.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchN-acetylcysteineCognitive deficitsΑ2A-adrenoceptor agonistsPrefrontal cortexCOVID19 infectionPlacebo-controlled trialOpen-label treatmentCommon side effectsExecutive functionPFC connectionsBrain fogAcid blockadeLabel treatmentHypotensive episodesGuanfacine treatmentNMDA receptorsPatient brieflySide effectsClinical experienceGuanfacineCognitive impairmentPatientsPrefrontal connectivityDemonstrate efficacyPrefrontal function
2010
The use of α-2A adrenergic agonists for the treatment of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder
Arnsten A. The use of α-2A adrenergic agonists for the treatment of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Expert Review Of Neurotherapeutics 2010, 10: 1595-1605. PMID: 20925474, PMCID: PMC3143019, DOI: 10.1586/ern.10.133.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsAttention-deficit/hyperactivity disorderPrefrontal cortexHyperactivity disorderPFC functionPFC gray matterPFC pyramidal cellsPyramidal cell networksDorsolateral prefrontal cortexPFC connectionsReceptors inhibitsPyramidal cellsAdrenergic agonistsDendritic spinesVentromedial prefrontal cortexGray matterRelated disordersBrain regionsNeuropsychiatric disordersPotassium channelsDisordersPatientsRecent dataPhysiological connectionTreatmentExecutive functioning
2005
Chapter 11 Molecular Pharmacology and the Treatment of Tourette's Syndrome and Attention Deficit-Hyperactivity Disorder
Arnsten A. Chapter 11 Molecular Pharmacology and the Treatment of Tourette's Syndrome and Attention Deficit-Hyperactivity Disorder. 2005, 183-iv. DOI: 10.1016/b978-012738903-5/50012-6.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchAttention deficit hyperactivity disorderDeficit hyperactivity disorderPrefrontal cortexTourette syndromeTherapeutic actionUse of guanfacineΑ2-adrenoceptor agonistNeuropsychiatric symptomsAppropriate medicationNeuromodulatory effectsTourette patientsPostsynaptic sitesNeurochemical environmentNeuropsychiatric illnessBrain circuitsSyndromePFC regulationBasic neuroscienceMolecular pharmacologyMolecular targetsDisordersGuanfacinePatientsPFC functionTreatment
1997
The acetylcholine releaser linopirdine increases parietal regional cerebral blood flow in Alzheimer’s disease
van Dyck C, Lin C, Robinson R, Cellar J, Smith E, Nelson J, Arnsten A, Hoffer P. The acetylcholine releaser linopirdine increases parietal regional cerebral blood flow in Alzheimer’s disease. Psychopharmacology 1997, 132: 217-226. PMID: 9292621, DOI: 10.1007/s002130050339.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsRegional cerebral blood flowParietal regional cerebral blood flowCerebral blood flowAlzheimer's diseaseAD patientsBlood flowDouble-blind trialWeeks of treatmentAD drug therapyProbable Alzheimer's diseaseParietal association cortexSingle photon emissionPlacebo TIDRCBF abnormalitiesCholinergic drugsDrug therapyHealthy controlsRCBF ratiosPharmacological interventionsHealthy subjectsAssociation cortexPatientsLinopirdineBrain regionsNeuropsychological function