2004
HIV-1 associated dementia
Kaul M, Lipton S. HIV-1 associated dementia. 2004, 305-315. DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4419-8959-8_17.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchHuman immunodeficiency virus-1HIV-1 associated dementiaAssociated dementiaNMDA receptor-mediated excitotoxicityApplicable therapeutic interventionReceptor-mediated excitotoxicityImmunodeficiency virus-1Cytotoxic free radicalsNeuronal injuryInflammatory factorsChemokine receptorsTherapeutic interventionsExcessive influxDownstream mechanismsDementiaVirus 1Lines of evidenceDevastating consequencesFree radicalsExcitotoxicityNeuropathologyProtein kinaseTranscription factorsInjuryInfection
2001
Pathways to neuronal injury and apoptosis in HIV-associated dementia
Kaul M, Garden G, Lipton S. Pathways to neuronal injury and apoptosis in HIV-associated dementia. Nature 2001, 410: 988-994. PMID: 11309629, DOI: 10.1038/35073667.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsHuman immunodeficiency virus-1Neuronal injuryRelease of macrophageImmunodeficiency virus-1Direct injuryTherapeutic interventionsAlarming occurrenceNeurodegenerative diseasesInjuryVirus 1NeuronsDementiaViral proteinsMacrophagesFree radicalsApoptosisToxinPathwayExcitotoxicityMicrogliaHIVDiseaseBrain
1998
■ REVIEW : Excitotoxicity, Free Radicals, Necrosis, and Apoptosis
Lipton S, Nicotera P. ■ REVIEW : Excitotoxicity, Free Radicals, Necrosis, and Apoptosis. The Neuroscientist 1998, 4: 345-352. DOI: 10.1177/107385849800400516.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchNitric oxideMajor excitatory neurotransmitterCentral nervous systemFailure of neuronsFree radicalsNeuronal cell culturesActivation of proteasesNeuronal injuryAIDS dementiaNeuronal necrosisInitial insultExcitatory neurotransmitterNervous systemApoptotic death programAlzheimer's diseaseHuntington's diseaseDiseaseInsultExcitotoxicityMitochondrial membrane potentialNecrosisCell deathDeath programNeuronsApoptosisNEURONAL INJURY ASSOCIATED WITH HIV-1: Approaches to Treatment
Lipton S. NEURONAL INJURY ASSOCIATED WITH HIV-1: Approaches to Treatment. The Annual Review Of Pharmacology And Toxicology 1998, 38: 159-177. PMID: 9597152, DOI: 10.1146/annurev.pharmtox.38.1.159.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsNeuronal injuryNeuronal damageHIV-1-associated cognitive/motor complexN-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor-operated channelsCognitive/motor complexAIDS dementia complexHIV-1 resultsHIV-1 infectionExistence of HIVBrains of patientsReceptor-operated channelsFuture pharmacological interventionsFinal common pathwayPlatelet-activating factorFree radicalsAIDS dementiaReactive astrocytesDementia complexCognitive dysfunctionNMDA antagonistsExcessive activationNeuronal susceptibilityPharmacological interventionsHIV-1Excessive influx
1996
Similarity of Neuronal Cell Injury and Death in AIDS Dementia and Focal Cerebral Ischemia: Potential Treatment with NMDA Open‐Channel Blockers and Nitric Oxide‐Related Species
Lipton S. Similarity of Neuronal Cell Injury and Death in AIDS Dementia and Focal Cerebral Ischemia: Potential Treatment with NMDA Open‐Channel Blockers and Nitric Oxide‐Related Species. Brain Pathology 1996, 6: 507-517. PMID: 8944320, DOI: 10.1111/j.1750-3639.1996.tb00879.x.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsFocal cerebral ischemiaNeuronal cell deathAIDS dementiaNeuronal injuryCerebral ischemiaNeuronal damageCell injuryHIV-1-associated cognitive/motor complexN-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor-operated channelsCognitive/motor complexNMDA open-channel blockersHIV-1 envelope protein gp120Cell deathHIV-1 resultsExistence of HIVNeuronal cell injuryReceptor-operated channelsFuture pharmacological interventionsFinal common pathwayEnvelope protein gp120Platelet-activating factorFree radicalsOpen channel blockerAIDS brainsIschemic coreNeuronal apoptosis versus necrosis induced by glutamate or free radicals
Nicotera P, Ankarcrona M, Bonfoco E, Orrenius S, Lipton S. Neuronal apoptosis versus necrosis induced by glutamate or free radicals. Apoptosis 1996, 1: 5-10. DOI: 10.1007/bf00142073.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMajor excitatory neurotransmitterCentral nervous systemFailure of neuronsFree radicalsNeuronal cell culturesNeuronal injuryExcitatory neurotransmitterNeuronal apoptosisNervous systemApoptotic death programNitric oxideInsultInjuryCell deathDeath programNeuronsGlutamateCell culturesApoptosisExcitotoxinsIschemiaEnergy depletionNecrosisNeurotransmittersProgression