1999
Ratio of S-nitrosohomocyst(e)ine to homocyst(e)ine or other thiols determines neurotoxicity in rat cerebrocortical cultures
D'Emilia D, Lipton S. Ratio of S-nitrosohomocyst(e)ine to homocyst(e)ine or other thiols determines neurotoxicity in rat cerebrocortical cultures. Neuroscience Letters 1999, 265: 103-106. PMID: 10327179, DOI: 10.1016/s0304-3940(99)00210-4.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsN-methyl-D-aspartate agonistRat cerebrocortical culturesS-nitrosocysteineS-nitrosohomocysteineNeuronal degenerationCerebrocortical culturesS-nitrosothiolsSubsequent neurotoxicityAcute exposureDetermine outcomeNitric oxideForm peroxynitriteNeurotoxicityS-nitrosylationEndogenous O2S-nitrosoproteinsAgonists
1996
Chronic low-dose glutamate is toxic to retinal ganglion cells. Toxicity blocked by memantine.
Vorwerk C, Lipton S, Zurakowski D, Hyman B, Sabel B, Dreyer E. Chronic low-dose glutamate is toxic to retinal ganglion cells. Toxicity blocked by memantine. Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science 1996, 37: 1618-24. PMID: 8675405.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsRetinal ganglion cellsLow-dose glutamateGanglion cell survivalGanglion cellsGlutamate toxicityGlutamate levelsMinor elevationsGlutamate concentrationCentral mammalian neuronsEndogenous glutamate levelsCell survivalSuch chronic exposuresGlutamate elevationVitreal glutamateMemantine therapyMemantine treatmentNeuronal lossIntravitreal injectionGlutamate antagonistsMicroM glutamateVehicle injectionChronic elevationMemantineAcute exposureChronic exposure