1997
Early divergence of magnocellular and parvocellular functional subsystems in the embryonic primate visual system
Meissirel C, Wikler K, Chalupa L, Rakic P. Early divergence of magnocellular and parvocellular functional subsystems in the embryonic primate visual system. Proceedings Of The National Academy Of Sciences Of The United States Of America 1997, 94: 5900-5905. PMID: 9159172, PMCID: PMC20878, DOI: 10.1073/pnas.94.11.5900.Peer-Reviewed Original Research
1996
Synaptogenesis in the Occipital Cortex of Macaque Monkey Devoid of Retinal Input From Early Embryonic Stages
Bourgeois J, Rakic P. Synaptogenesis in the Occipital Cortex of Macaque Monkey Devoid of Retinal Input From Early Embryonic Stages. European Journal Of Neuroscience 1996, 8: 942-950. PMID: 8743742, DOI: 10.1111/j.1460-9568.1996.tb01581.x.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsAge-matched controlsStriate cortexDendritic spinesSynaptic contactsRetinal inputInfragranular cortical layersRatio of synapsesLateral geniculate nucleusPrimate striate cortexVolume of neuropilGroups of animalsEarly embryonic stagesAsymmetrical synapsesInfragranular layersSynaptic organizationGeniculate nucleusOccipital cortexNormal rangeOperated animalsSynaptic circuitsMacaque monkeysCortical layersEnucleated animalsSynaptic developmentDay 67Spatiotemporal gradients of cell genesis in the primate retina.
Rapaport D, Rakic P, LaVail M. Spatiotemporal gradients of cell genesis in the primate retina. Perspectives On Developmental Neurobiology 1996, 3: 147-59. PMID: 8931090.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsRetinal ganglion cellsGanglion cellsCell genesisMonkey retinal ganglion cellsLonger survival periodRetinal pigment epitheliumAmacrine cellsPrimate retinaMüller cellsSurvival periodMacaque retinaSoma diameterBipolar cellsPigment epitheliumRetinal structureHorizontal cellsMacaque monkeysVisual developmentCone photoreceptorsBrain structuresFunctional classRetinaProgenitor cellsRod photoreceptorsCardinal event
1995
Genesis of the retinal pigment epithelium in the macaque monkey
Rapaport D, Rakic P, Yasamura D, LaVail M. Genesis of the retinal pigment epithelium in the macaque monkey. The Journal Of Comparative Neurology 1995, 363: 359-376. PMID: 8847405, DOI: 10.1002/cne.903630303.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsRetinal pigment epitheliumCell genesisRPE cellsPeripheral retinaRadiolabelled cellsPigment epitheliumRhesus monkey fetusesCells/Embryonic day 25Time of birthMonkey fetusesCentral retinaPostnatal monthPostnatal periodLabeling indexDay 204Macaque monkeysDay 25RetinaJuvenile retinaOptic cupEpitheliumHigh rateNeuroretinaLast cell
1994
An array of early differentiating cones precedes the emergence of the photoreceptor mosaic in the fetal monkey retina.
Wikler K, Rakic P. An array of early differentiating cones precedes the emergence of the photoreceptor mosaic in the fetal monkey retina. Proceedings Of The National Academy Of Sciences Of The United States Of America 1994, 91: 6534-6538. PMID: 7912829, PMCID: PMC44237, DOI: 10.1073/pnas.91.14.6534.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsFetal monkey retinaMonkey retinaRetinal ganglion cellsSubset of conesRed/green opsinImportant developmental markersGanglion cellsPrimate retinaGreen-sensitive conesDistinct antigensPhotoreceptor phenotypeRetinaMonoclonal antibodiesPhotoreceptor mosaicCone differentiationDevelopmental markersAntibodiesImmature regionsSame patternGreen opsinsAntigenSynaptogenesisSubset
1992
Genesis of neurons in the retinal ganglion cell layer of the monkey
Rapaport D, Fletcher J, LaVail M, Rakic P. Genesis of neurons in the retinal ganglion cell layer of the monkey. The Journal Of Comparative Neurology 1992, 322: 577-588. PMID: 1401251, DOI: 10.1002/cne.903220411.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsRetinal ganglion cell layerGanglion cell layerCell layerEmbryonic day 38Genesis of neuronsSomata of cellsMedium-sized cellsEnd of neurogenesisAmacrine cellsSmall somataPrimate retinaSoma diameterNeuronal classesSequential scheduleDay 38Rhesus monkeysSmall caliberNeuronsAlpha cellsRetinaMicrons diameterSomaMonkeysCellsE38
1991
Cytogenesis in the monkey retina
la Vail M, Rapaport D, Rakic P. Cytogenesis in the monkey retina. The Journal Of Comparative Neurology 1991, 309: 86-114. PMID: 1894769, DOI: 10.1002/cne.903090107.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchRelation of an array of early-differentiating cones to the photoreceptor mosaic in the primate retina
Wikler K, Rakic P. Relation of an array of early-differentiating cones to the photoreceptor mosaic in the primate retina. Nature 1991, 351: 397-400. PMID: 1827876, DOI: 10.1038/351397a0.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsSubset of conesCone subtypesAdult rhesus monkeysRetinal mosaicsBlue-sensitive conesPrimate retinaRetinal surfaceImmunocytochemical evidenceRhesus monkeysPhenotypic specificationInner segmentsConfocal laser microscopySubtypesRetinaWeeksUndifferentiated regionDiurnal primatesLaser microscopyMonthsSynapsesA novel cytoarchitectonic area induced experimentally within the primate visual cortex.
Rakic P, Suñer I, Williams R. A novel cytoarchitectonic area induced experimentally within the primate visual cortex. Proceedings Of The National Academy Of Sciences Of The United States Of America 1991, 88: 2083-2087. PMID: 2006147, PMCID: PMC51173, DOI: 10.1073/pnas.88.6.2083.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsArea 17Cytoarchitectonic areasVisual cortexSecondary visual cortexPrimary visual cortexPrimate visual cortexAfferent fibersCerebral cortexCortical neuronsThalamic inputsCortical connectionsThalamic fibersCytoarchitectonic regionsCortexCortical parcellationAberrant combinationsArea XProtomap hypothesisCell-cell interactionsNeurons
1990
Distribution of photoreceptor subtypes in the retina of diurnal and nocturnal primates
Wikler K, Rakic P. Distribution of photoreceptor subtypes in the retina of diurnal and nocturnal primates. Journal Of Neuroscience 1990, 10: 3390-3401. PMID: 2145402, PMCID: PMC6570186, DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.10-10-03390.1990.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsRhesus monkey retinaMonkey retinaRhesus monkeysNew World owl monkeysOwl monkeysCone inner segmentsAbnormal colour visionBlue cone opsinDensity of conesColor visionBlue-sensitive conesDorsal retinaGreen cone opsinRetinaSpecific antibodiesCSA-1Inner segmentsMonkeysFoveaAntibodiesPhotoreceptor subtypesRed/greenPhotoreceptor mosaic: Number and distribution of rods and cones in the rhesus monkey retina
Wikler K, Williams R, Rakic P. Photoreceptor mosaic: Number and distribution of rods and cones in the rhesus monkey retina. The Journal Of Comparative Neurology 1990, 297: 499-508. PMID: 2384610, DOI: 10.1002/cne.902970404.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsCone densityEntire retinal surfaceRods/mm2Rhesus monkey retinaCones/mm2Adult rhesus monkeysRetinal surface areaDensity of rodsDistribution of photoreceptorsNasal retinaRod densityMonkey retinaVideo-enhanced differential interference contrast opticsDistribution of rodsReceptor densityExtrafoveal retinaRetinal surfaceProportion of rodsRhesus monkeysScotopic conditionsRetinaArea 4Absolute numberRetinal developmentPhotopic systemHypercolumns in primate visual cortex can develop in the absence of cues from photoreceptors.
Kuljis R, Rakic P. Hypercolumns in primate visual cortex can develop in the absence of cues from photoreceptors. Proceedings Of The National Academy Of Sciences Of The United States Of America 1990, 87: 5303-5306. PMID: 2164675, PMCID: PMC54311, DOI: 10.1073/pnas.87.14.5303.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsLayers II/IIINeuropeptide YInterblob regionsVisual cortexAspiny stellate cellsCytochrome oxidase-rich blobsCytochrome oxidase blobsPrimate visual cortexRetinal ablationCerebral cortexRetinal neuronsDistinct physiological propertiesControl animalsStellate cellsOperated animalsMacaque monkeysSynaptic connectionsCortexPattern visionRetinal photoreceptorsNeuronsChemoarchitectonic organizationAbsence of cuesColor visionPhotoreceptors
1987
Development of the rhesus monkey retina: II. A three‐dimensional analysis of the sequences o synaptic combinations in the inner plexiform layer
Nishimura Y, Rakic P. Development of the rhesus monkey retina: II. A three‐dimensional analysis of the sequences o synaptic combinations in the inner plexiform layer. The Journal Of Comparative Neurology 1987, 262: 290-313. PMID: 3624556, DOI: 10.1002/cne.902620209.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsInner plexiform layerAmacrine cell processesGanglion cell dendritesRibbon synapsesGanglion cellsPlexiform layerCell dendritesSerial electron microscopic sectionsBipolar cell axonsRhesus monkey retinaFetal rhesus monkeysGanglion cell processesLocal neuronal circuitsCell processesElectron microscopic sectionsSynaptic microcircuitryMonkey retinaInterplexiform cellsPresynaptic sitesPostsynaptic elementsPrimate retinaCell axonsConventional synapsesNeuronal contactsBipolar cellsSynaptogenesis in the primate retina proceeds from the ganglion cells towards the photoreceptors
Nishimura Y, Rakic P. Synaptogenesis in the primate retina proceeds from the ganglion cells towards the photoreceptors. Neuroscience Research Supplements 1987, 6: s253-s268. PMID: 3317146, DOI: 10.1016/0921-8696(87)90021-1.Peer-Reviewed Original Research
1985
Localization of γ-aminobutyric acid and glutamic acid decarboxylase in rhesus monkey retina
Nishimura Y, Schwartz M, Rakic P. Localization of γ-aminobutyric acid and glutamic acid decarboxylase in rhesus monkey retina. Brain Research 1985, 359: 351-355. PMID: 3907753, DOI: 10.1016/0006-8993(85)91449-0.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsGlutamic acid decarboxylaseGamma-aminobutyric acidAcid decarboxylaseRhesus monkey retinaGanglion cell layerOuter plexiform layerScleral halfΓ-aminobutyric acidMonkey retinaPlexiform layerUse of antiseraGlial cellsMüller cellsHorizontal cellsRhesus monkeysNeuronal processesReactive bandsSubclass of cellsCell layerImmunoreactive bandsOne-thirdRetinaCellsAmacrineDecarboxylaseDevelopment of the rhesus monkey retina. I. Emergence of the inner plexiform layer and its synapses
Nishimura Y, Rakic P. Development of the rhesus monkey retina. I. Emergence of the inner plexiform layer and its synapses. The Journal Of Comparative Neurology 1985, 241: 420-434. PMID: 4078040, DOI: 10.1002/cne.902410403.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsInner plexiform layerConventional synapsesPlexiform layerGeniculate nucleusRibbon synapsesRhesus monkeysAdult levelsDorsal lateral geniculate nucleusRetinal ganglion cell axonsRhesus monkey retinaGanglion cell axonsSynaptic vesiclesLateral geniculate nucleusRate of synaptogenesisGap junctionsSynaptic contactsMonkey retinaCell axonsRetinal projectionsSuperior colliculusAcellular zoneChemical synapsesSynaptogenesisImmature neuritesSynapses
1983
Overproduction and Elimination of Retinal Axons in the Fetal Rhesus Monkey
Rakic P, Riley K. Overproduction and Elimination of Retinal Axons in the Fetal Rhesus Monkey. Science 1983, 219: 1441-1444. PMID: 6828871, DOI: 10.1126/science.6828871.Peer-Reviewed Original Research
1981
Development of Visual Centers in the Primate Brain Depends on Binocular Competition Before Birth
Rakic P. Development of Visual Centers in the Primate Brain Depends on Binocular Competition Before Birth. Science 1981, 214: 928-931. PMID: 7302569, DOI: 10.1126/science.7302569.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsVisual centersPrimate brainAberrant synaptic connectionsLateral geniculate nucleusOcular dominance columnsGeniculate neuronsGeniculate nucleusSynaptic connectivityIntact eyeVisual cortexSynaptic connectionsBinocular competitionCellular layersBrainBirthNotable alterationsEyesNormal inputFiber bandsCortexNeurons
1977
Genesis of the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus in the rhesus monkey: Site and time of origin, kinetics of proliferation, routes of migration and pattern of distribution of neurons
Rakic P. Genesis of the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus in the rhesus monkey: Site and time of origin, kinetics of proliferation, routes of migration and pattern of distribution of neurons. The Journal Of Comparative Neurology 1977, 176: 23-52. PMID: 409739, DOI: 10.1002/cne.901760103.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsLateral geniculate bodyH3-TdRAnalysis of embryosExamination of embryosLast cell divisionGeneration of neuronsCell divisionCellular fasciclesPostmitotic cellsThird ventricleTime of originRoute of migrationPattern of distributionRhesus monkeysDorsal lateral geniculate bodyPrecursor neuronsDorsal lateral geniculate nucleusKinetics of proliferationEarly postnatal daysLateral geniculate nucleusVentricular zoneGerminal zoneProliferative unitsMonths of gestationEmbryosPrenatal development of the visual system in rhesus monkey
Rakic P, Barlow H, Gaze R. Prenatal development of the visual system in rhesus monkey. Philosophical Transactions Of The Royal Society B Biological Sciences 1977, 278: 245-260. PMID: 19781, DOI: 10.1098/rstb.1977.0040.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsLateral geniculate bodyRetinal ganglion cellsSuperior colliculusOcular dominance columnsLayer IVFirst retinal ganglion cellsRhesus monkeysDorsal lateral geniculate bodySegregation of afferentsPrenatal developmentAnterograde axoplasmic transportEarly postnatal daysProduction of neuronsPrimary visual cortexJuvenile rhesus monkeysSC projectionsEye injectionTransneuronal transportGeniculate bodyCortical plateGanglion cellsGeniculocortical axonsOptic radiationPostnatal dayOcular dominance