Insulin Receptor Substrate 2 Is Essential for Maturation and Survival of Photoreceptor Cells
Yi X, Schubert M, Peachey N, Suzuma K, Burks D, Kushner J, Suzuma I, Cahill C, Flint C, Dow M, Leshan R, King G, White M. Insulin Receptor Substrate 2 Is Essential for Maturation and Survival of Photoreceptor Cells. Journal Of Neuroscience 2005, 25: 1240-1248. PMID: 15689562, PMCID: PMC6725974, DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.3664-04.2005.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAge FactorsAnimalsAnimals, NewbornApoptosisCell SurvivalDiabetic RetinopathyEye ProteinsGene DeletionHomeodomain ProteinsHyperglycemiaHyperinsulinismInsulin Receptor Substrate ProteinsInsulin ResistanceInsulin-Like Growth Factor IIntracellular Signaling Peptides and ProteinsMiceMice, KnockoutPhosphoproteinsPhosphorylationPhotic StimulationPhotoreceptor CellsProtein Processing, Post-TranslationalProtein Serine-Threonine KinasesProto-Oncogene ProteinsProto-Oncogene Proteins c-aktRetinal Ganglion CellsSignal TransductionTrans-ActivatorsConceptsIrs2-/- micePhotoreceptor cellsPlexiform layerInsulin receptor substrate 2Insulin receptor substrateInsulin-like growth factor 1 receptorGrowth factor 1 receptorMost photoreceptor cellsInner plexiform layerOuter plexiform layerFactor 1 receptorFinal common pathwaySurvival of photoreceptorsNormal electrical functionMonths of ageWeeks of ageReceptor substrateCellular growthSubstrate 2Akt phosphorylationGanglion cellsIRS2 expressionPharmacological strategiesControl littermatesPhotoreceptor degeneration