2024
Predicting Major Adverse Events in Patients Undergoing Transcatheter Left Atrial Appendage Occlusion
Faridi K, Ong E, Zimmerman S, Varosy P, Friedman D, Hsu J, Kusumoto F, Mortazavi B, Minges K, Pereira L, Lakkireddy D, Koutras C, Denton B, Mobayed J, Curtis J, Freeman J. Predicting Major Adverse Events in Patients Undergoing Transcatheter Left Atrial Appendage Occlusion. Circulation Arrhythmia And Electrophysiology 2024, 17: e012424. PMID: 38390713, PMCID: PMC11021146, DOI: 10.1161/circep.123.012424.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchNational Cardiovascular Data RegistryLeft atrial appendage occlusionIn-hospital major adverse eventsMajor adverse eventsBedside risk scoreRisk scoreData RegistryIncreased fall riskAdverse eventsQuality improvement effortsWatchman FLXAppendage occlusionFall riskLeft atrial appendage occlusion procedureRegistry dataImprovement effortsRisk of in-hospital major adverse eventsPredicting major adverse eventsLogistic regressionAdverse event ratesModerate discriminationClinically relevant variablesFemale sexAtrial fibrillation terminationLAAO procedures
2023
Initial Findings From the National Cardiovascular Data Registry of Atrial Fibrillation Ablation Procedures
Hsu J, Darden D, Du C, Marine J, Nichols S, Marcus G, Natale A, Noseworthy P, Selzman K, Varosy P, Masoudi F, Freeman J, Curtis J, Akar J, Kowey P. Initial Findings From the National Cardiovascular Data Registry of Atrial Fibrillation Ablation Procedures. Journal Of The American College Of Cardiology 2023, 81: 867-878. PMID: 36858707, DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2022.11.060.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsAtrial fibrillation ablation proceduresAblation RegistryHospital outcomesAblation proceduresSuccessful pulmonary vein isolationNational Cardiovascular Data RegistryOutcomes of patientsProspective cohort studyMajority of patientsPulmonary vein isolationEvidence-based guidelinesDifferent patient outcomesReal-world prevalenceProcedural admissionsHospital deathAF ablationCohort studyPericardial effusionVein isolationHeart failureLarge multicenterMajor complicationsCatheter ablationTreatment patternsPatient population
2022
Development and validation of an automated algorithm for end point adjudication for a large U.S. national registry
Friedman DJ, Pierre D, Wang Y, Gambone L, Koutras C, Segawa C, Farb A, Vemulapalli S, Varosy PD, Masoudi FA, Lansky A, Curtis JP, Freeman JV. Development and validation of an automated algorithm for end point adjudication for a large U.S. national registry. American Heart Journal 2022, 254: 102-111. PMID: 36007567, DOI: 10.1016/j.ahj.2022.08.006.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsEnd point adjudicationCEC adjudicationEnd pointLarge registriesClinical trialsNational Cardiovascular Data RegistryMajor vascular complicationsU.S. National RegistryPost-discharge eventsAgreement rateMajor bleedingNeurologic eventsVascular complicationsNational registryEvent adjudicationData registryRegistryCommittee's evaluationsPercent agreementGold standardAgreement thresholdHospitalTrialsFurther confirmationBleedingIndications for Left Atrial Appendage Occlusion in the United States and Associated In-Hospital Outcomes: Results From the NCDR LAAO Registry
Daimee UA, Wang Y, Masoudi FA, Varosy PD, Friedman DJ, Du C, Koutras C, Reddy VY, Saw J, Price MJ, Kusumoto FM, Curtis JP, Freeman JV. Indications for Left Atrial Appendage Occlusion in the United States and Associated In-Hospital Outcomes: Results From the NCDR LAAO Registry. Circulation Cardiovascular Quality And Outcomes 2022, 15: e008418. PMID: 35959677, PMCID: PMC9388561, DOI: 10.1161/circoutcomes.121.008418.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsHospital adverse eventsHigh fall riskNational Cardiovascular Data RegistryProcedural indicationsAtrial appendage occlusionAdverse eventsWatchman implantationFall riskMajor bleedsThromboembolic riskAppendage occlusionData registryAbnormal renal/liver functionLeft atrial appendage occlusionIn-Hospital OutcomesMean patient ageTransient ischemic attackMajority of patientsInternational normalized ratioIschemic attackMean CHAOral anticoagulationPrior strokeVASc scoreWATCHMAN procedureAntithrombotic Therapy After Left Atrial Appendage Occlusion in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation
Freeman JV, Higgins AY, Wang Y, Du C, Friedman DJ, Daimee UA, Minges KE, Pereira L, Goldsweig AM, Price MJ, Reddy VY, Gibson D, Doshi SK, Varosy PD, Masoudi FA, Curtis JP. Antithrombotic Therapy After Left Atrial Appendage Occlusion in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation. Journal Of The American College Of Cardiology 2022, 79: 1785-1798. PMID: 35512858, PMCID: PMC9097170, DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2022.02.047.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsLeft atrial appendage occlusionAdverse eventsPivotal trialsWatchman deviceTreatment protocolAntithrombotic strategiesAppendage occlusionLower riskFrailty regressionPercutaneous left atrial appendage occlusionNational Cardiovascular Data RegistryContemporary U.S. practiceDual antiplatelet therapyAtrial appendage occlusionConcomitant aspirinPostprocedure careAdjusted riskAntiplatelet therapyAntithrombotic medicationAntithrombotic therapyAtrial fibrillationAdverse outcomesTrial protocolAntithrombotic agentsMedication strategiesTemporal trends and long-term outcomes among recipients of cardiac resynchronization therapy with defibrillator in the United States, 2011–2015: Insights from the National Cardiovascular Data Registry
Darden D, Peterson PN, Xin X, Munir MB, Minges KE, Goldenberg I, Poole JE, Feld GK, Birgersdotter-Green U, Curtis JP, Hsu JC. Temporal trends and long-term outcomes among recipients of cardiac resynchronization therapy with defibrillator in the United States, 2011–2015: Insights from the National Cardiovascular Data Registry. Heart Rhythm O2 2022, 3: 405-414. PMID: 36097450, PMCID: PMC9463686, DOI: 10.1016/j.hroo.2022.03.004.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchLong-term outcomesGuideline-concordant recommendationsHeart failure hospitalizationCardiac resynchronization therapyFailure hospitalizationCause hospitalizationCardiovascular hospitalizationResynchronization therapyNational Cardiovascular Data RegistryCRT-D implantationYear of implantHospital procedural complicationsHospital complicationsHospital outcomesMultivariable adjustmentPatient characteristicsProcedural complicationsDefibrillator recipientsHospitalizationData registryLower riskMedicare beneficiariesMedicare dataOutcomesRecipients
2021
Use of Mechanical Circulatory Support Devices Among Patients With Acute Myocardial Infarction Complicated by Cardiogenic Shock
Dhruva SS, Ross JS, Mortazavi BJ, Hurley NC, Krumholz HM, Curtis JP, Berkowitz AP, Masoudi FA, Messenger JC, Parzynski CS, Ngufor CG, Girotra S, Amin AP, Shah ND, Desai NR. Use of Mechanical Circulatory Support Devices Among Patients With Acute Myocardial Infarction Complicated by Cardiogenic Shock. JAMA Network Open 2021, 4: e2037748. PMID: 33616664, PMCID: PMC7900859, DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.37748.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAgedAssisted CirculationCross-Sectional StudiesExtracorporeal Membrane OxygenationFemaleHeart ArrestHeart-Assist DevicesHospitals, High-VolumeHospitals, Low-VolumeHospitals, TeachingHumansIntra-Aortic Balloon PumpingMaleMiddle AgedMyocardial InfarctionPercutaneous Coronary InterventionRisk FactorsShock, CardiogenicConceptsMicroaxial left ventricular assist deviceIntra-aortic balloon pumpLeft ventricular assist devicePercutaneous coronary interventionAcute myocardial infarctionMechanical circulatory support devicesCardiogenic shockHospital-level variationSignificant hospital-level variationCirculatory support devicesMCS devicesUse of IABPDevice useMedian proportionAcute Myocardial Infarction ComplicatedCardiology-National Cardiovascular Data RegistryChest Pain-MI RegistryLimited clinical trial evidenceNational Cardiovascular Data RegistryMyocardial Infarction ComplicatedFirst medical contactSupport devicesClinical trial evidenceExtracorporeal membrane oxygenationCoronary artery stenosis
2020
Association of Use of an Intravascular Microaxial Left Ventricular Assist Device vs Intra-aortic Balloon Pump With In-Hospital Mortality and Major Bleeding Among Patients With Acute Myocardial Infarction Complicated by Cardiogenic Shock
Dhruva SS, Ross JS, Mortazavi BJ, Hurley NC, Krumholz HM, Curtis JP, Berkowitz A, Masoudi FA, Messenger JC, Parzynski CS, Ngufor C, Girotra S, Amin AP, Shah ND, Desai NR. Association of Use of an Intravascular Microaxial Left Ventricular Assist Device vs Intra-aortic Balloon Pump With In-Hospital Mortality and Major Bleeding Among Patients With Acute Myocardial Infarction Complicated by Cardiogenic Shock. JAMA 2020, 323: 734-745. PMID: 32040163, PMCID: PMC7042879, DOI: 10.1001/jama.2020.0254.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAgedCause of DeathExtracorporeal Membrane OxygenationFemaleHeart ArrestHeart-Assist DevicesHemorrhageHospital MortalityHumansIntra-Aortic Balloon PumpingMaleMatched-Pair AnalysisMiddle AgedMyocardial InfarctionPercutaneous Coronary InterventionPropensity ScoreRegistriesRetrospective StudiesShock, CardiogenicST Elevation Myocardial InfarctionConceptsMicroaxial left ventricular assist deviceIntra-aortic balloon pumpLeft ventricular assist deviceAcute myocardial infarctionPercutaneous coronary interventionNational Cardiovascular Data RegistryCardiogenic shockHemodynamic supportMyocardial infarctionRegistry-based retrospective cohort studyCardiology-National Cardiovascular Data RegistryChest Pain-MI RegistryST-elevation myocardial infarctionMechanical circulatory support devicesGreater hemodynamic supportHospital major bleedingRetrospective cohort studyPropensity-matched pairsCirculatory support devicesVentricular assist deviceClinical laboratory dataHospital mortalityMajor bleedingHospital deathCohort study
2019
Modeling defibrillation benefit for survival among cardiac resynchronization therapy defibrillator recipients
Bilchick KC, Wang Y, Curtis JP, Cheng A, Dharmarajan K, Shadman R, Dardas TF, Anand I, Lund LH, Dahlström U, Sartipy U, Maggioni A, O'Connor C, Levy WC. Modeling defibrillation benefit for survival among cardiac resynchronization therapy defibrillator recipients. American Heart Journal 2019, 222: 93-104. PMID: 32032927, PMCID: PMC7814502, DOI: 10.1016/j.ahj.2019.12.017.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsCRT-D patientsImplantable cardioverter defibrillatorSurvival benefitCRT-DsCardiac resynchronization therapy defibrillator recipientsCardiac resynchronization therapy candidatesSeattle Heart Failure ModelSeattle Proportional Risk ModelCox proportional hazards regressionNational Cardiovascular Data RegistryHeart Failure TrialHeart failure patientsProportional hazards regressionHeart failure modelProportional risk modelFailure patientsCRT candidatesHeart failureCRT pacemakerFailure TrialArrhythmic deathHazards regressionDefibrillator recipientsCRT deviceCardioverter defibrillatorQuadripolar versus bipolar leads in cardiac resynchronization therapy: An analysis of the National Cardiovascular Data Registry
Hakemi EU, Doukky R, Parzynski CS, Curtis JP, Madias C. Quadripolar versus bipolar leads in cardiac resynchronization therapy: An analysis of the National Cardiovascular Data Registry. Heart Rhythm 2019, 17: 81-89. PMID: 31369870, DOI: 10.1016/j.hrthm.2019.07.028.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsCardiac resynchronization therapyNational Cardiovascular Data RegistryClinical outcomesResynchronization therapyData registryLong-term clinical outcomesStimulation rateSignificant differencesCongestive heart failure admissionsMedicaid ServicesCRT device implantsHeart failure admissionsProcedural complication rateCRT implantationElderly patientsComplication ratePrimary outcomePlacement failureDevice implantsDevice malfunctionOutcomesPatientsBipolar leadsRegistryTherapy
2018
Outcomes following implantable cardioverter-defibrillator generator replacement in patients with recovered left ventricular systolic function: The National Cardiovascular Data Registry
Thomas IC, Wang Y, See VY, Minges KE, Curtis JP, Hsu JC. Outcomes following implantable cardioverter-defibrillator generator replacement in patients with recovered left ventricular systolic function: The National Cardiovascular Data Registry. Heart Rhythm 2018, 16: 733-740. PMID: 30414460, DOI: 10.1016/j.hrthm.2018.11.005.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsLV ejection fractionNational Cardiovascular Data Registry ICD RegistryReduced LV ejection fractionICD generator replacementLeft ventricular systolic functionVentricular systolic functionHF readmissionSystolic functionGenerator replacementAdverse outcomesImplantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator Generator ReplacementNational Cardiovascular Data RegistryLV systolic functionEjection fractionICD RegistryPeriprocedural eventsPrognostic associationAmerican CollegeHigh riskData registryLower riskMedicare beneficiariesPatientsReadmissionClinical encounters
2017
Long-term morbidity and mortality after implantable cardioverter-defibrillator implantation with procedural complication: A report from the National Cardiovascular Data Registry
Kipp R, Hsu JC, Freeman J, Curtis J, Bao H, Hoffmayer KS. Long-term morbidity and mortality after implantable cardioverter-defibrillator implantation with procedural complication: A report from the National Cardiovascular Data Registry. Heart Rhythm 2017, 15: 847-854. PMID: 28987459, DOI: 10.1016/j.hrthm.2017.09.043.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsCause mortalityMedicare beneficiariesICD implantationProcedural complicationsHospital characteristicsMultivariable Cox proportional hazards regression analysisNational Cardiovascular Data Registry ICD RegistryCox proportional hazards regression analysisFirst-time ICD recipientsImplantable cardioverter defibrillator implantationNational Cardiovascular Data RegistryProportional hazards regression analysisKaplan-Meier survival analysisLong-term morbidityPredictors of mortalityCardioverter-defibrillator implantationOccurrence of complicationsRetrospective registry studyAcute procedural complicationsHazards regression analysisLong-term outcomesRisk of mortalityMortality 3 yearsIndex hospitalizationRegistry studySeattle Heart Failure and Proportional Risk Models Predict Benefit From Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillators
Bilchick KC, Wang Y, Cheng A, Curtis JP, Dharmarajan K, Stukenborg GJ, Shadman R, Anand I, Lund LH, Dahlström U, Sartipy U, Maggioni A, Swedberg K, O’Conner C, Levy WC. Seattle Heart Failure and Proportional Risk Models Predict Benefit From Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillators. Journal Of The American College Of Cardiology 2017, 69: 2606-2618. PMID: 28545633, PMCID: PMC5502749, DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2017.03.568.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsSeattle Heart Failure ModelSeattle Proportional Risk ModelNational Cardiovascular Data RegistryPrimary prevention ICDsHeart failureSudden deathCause mortalitySurvival benefitMultivariable Cox proportional hazards regressionCox proportional hazards regressionProportional riskProportional hazards regressionRecent clinical trialsHeart failure modelProportional risk modelControl patientsOverall survivalVentricular arrhythmiasHazards regressionICD benefitClinical trialsCardioverter defibrillatorLarge cohortHigh riskData registry
2016
Trends in U.S. Cardiovascular Care 2016 Report From 4 ACC National Cardiovascular Data Registries
Masoudi FA, Ponirakis A, de Lemos JA, Jollis JG, Kremers M, Messenger JC, Moore JWM, Moussa I, Oetgen WJ, Varosy PD, Vincent RN, Wei J, Curtis JP, Roe MT, Spertus JA. Trends in U.S. Cardiovascular Care 2016 Report From 4 ACC National Cardiovascular Data Registries. Journal Of The American College Of Cardiology 2016, 69: 1427-1450. PMID: 28025065, DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2016.12.005.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsCardiovascular diseaseAdult congenital heart diseaseNational Cardiovascular Data RegistryAcute coronary syndromePercutaneous coronary interventionCongenital heart diseaseOutcomes of careQuality of careMeasure of ProcessesCoronary syndromeClinical characteristicsCoronary interventionCardiac catheterizationHeart diseaseLeading causeData registryDiseaseCardiovascular dataPatientsRegistryBroader populationCareInterventionOutcomesReportLong-Term Risk for Device-Related Complications and Reoperations After Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator Implantation: An Observational Cohort Study.
Ranasinghe I, Parzynski CS, Freeman JV, Dreyer RP, Ross JS, Akar JG, Krumholz HM, Curtis JP. Long-Term Risk for Device-Related Complications and Reoperations After Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator Implantation: An Observational Cohort Study. Annals Of Internal Medicine 2016, 165: 20-29. PMID: 27135392, DOI: 10.7326/m15-2732.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchICD-related complicationsNational Cardiovascular Data RegistryObservational cohort studyDevice-related complicationsICD implantationLong-term riskCohort studyMedicare feeNational Cardiovascular Data Registry ICD RegistryImplantable cardioverter defibrillator implantationImplantable cardioverter-defibrillator placementCardioverter-defibrillator implantationService claims dataCRT-D devicesSingle-chamber devicesCumulative incidenceNonfatal outcomesICD RegistryService patientsBlack raceFemale sexReoperationAmerican CollegeClaims dataComplications
2015
Gender and outcomes after primary prevention implantable cardioverter-defibrillator implantation: Findings from the National Cardiovascular Data Registry (NCDR)
Russo AM, Daugherty SL, Masoudi FA, Wang Y, Curtis J, Lampert R. Gender and outcomes after primary prevention implantable cardioverter-defibrillator implantation: Findings from the National Cardiovascular Data Registry (NCDR). American Heart Journal 2015, 170: 330-338. PMID: 26299231, PMCID: PMC4768728, DOI: 10.1016/j.ahj.2015.02.025.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsNational Cardiovascular Data RegistryPrimary preventionHF readmissionCause readmissionHospital dischargeICD implantationHeart failurePrimary prevention implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) implantationDual-chamber ICD implantationImplantable cardioverter defibrillator implantationPatients 65 yearsAdvanced heart failureProcedure-related complicationsCardioverter-defibrillator implantationDevice-related complicationsSudden cardiac deathHigh-risk individualsDual-chamber ICDGreater comorbidityBaseline characteristicsOlder patientsCardiac deathProcedural complicationsWorse outcomesClinical trialsAntithrombotic Therapy and Outcomes After ICD Implantation in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation and Coronary Artery Disease: An Analysis From the National Cardiovascular Data Registry (NCDR)®
Ghanbari H, Nallamothu BK, Wang Y, Curtis JP. Antithrombotic Therapy and Outcomes After ICD Implantation in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation and Coronary Artery Disease: An Analysis From the National Cardiovascular Data Registry (NCDR)®. Journal Of The American Heart Association 2015, 4: e001331. PMID: 25637345, PMCID: PMC4345865, DOI: 10.1161/jaha.114.001331.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAgedAged, 80 and overAtrial FibrillationCoronary Artery DiseaseDefibrillators, ImplantableDrug Therapy, CombinationFemaleFibrinolytic AgentsHemorrhageHumansIncidenceMaleMedicareMiddle AgedPatient DischargePlatelet Aggregation InhibitorsRegistriesRisk AssessmentRisk FactorsTime FactorsTreatment OutcomeUnited StatesWarfarinConceptsImplantable cardioverter defibrillator implantationCardioverter-defibrillator implantationCoronary artery diseaseMajor adverse cardiovascular eventsNational Cardiovascular Data RegistryAdverse cardiovascular eventsDevice-related complicationsAntithrombotic agentsDefibrillator implantationArtery diseaseAtrial fibrillationAntithrombotic therapyBleeding riskCardiovascular eventsThromboembolic eventsNational Cardiovascular Data Registry Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator RegistryImplantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator RegistryHigh bleeding riskCombination of DAHospital dischargeICD implantationPrimary outcomeData registryPatientsFibrillation
2014
Procedure timing as a predictor of inhospital adverse outcomes from implantable cardioverter-defibrillator implantation: Insights from the National Cardiovascular Data Registry
Hsu JC, Varosy PD, Parzynski CS, Chaudhry SI, Dewland TA, Curtis JP, Marcus GM. Procedure timing as a predictor of inhospital adverse outcomes from implantable cardioverter-defibrillator implantation: Insights from the National Cardiovascular Data Registry. American Heart Journal 2014, 169: 45-52.e3. PMID: 25497247, DOI: 10.1016/j.ahj.2014.10.006.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsHospital stayAdverse eventsICD recipientsWeekends/holidaysInhospital deathGreater oddsNational Cardiovascular Data Registry ICD RegistryFirst-time ICD recipientsImplantable cardioverter defibrillator implantationNational Cardiovascular Data RegistryImplantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) proceduresImplantable cardioverter defibrillator recipientsHierarchical multivariable logistic regressionInhospital adverse outcomesCardioverter-defibrillator implantationProlonged hospital stayMultivariable logistic regressionReal-world populationAfternoon/eveningTotal complicationsMultivariable adjustmentAdverse outcomesHospital characteristicsICD implantsData registryImplant and Clinical Characteristics for Pediatric and Congenital Heart Patients in the National Cardiovascular Data Registry Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator Registry
Jordan CP, Freedenberg V, Wang Y, Curtis JP, Gleva MJ, Berul CI. Implant and Clinical Characteristics for Pediatric and Congenital Heart Patients in the National Cardiovascular Data Registry Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator Registry. Circulation Arrhythmia And Electrophysiology 2014, 7: 1092-1100. PMID: 25287482, DOI: 10.1161/circep.114.001841.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsNew York Heart Association classPrimary preventionSecondary preventionPediatric patientsAssociation classLEAD patientsGreat vesselsNational Cardiovascular Data Registry Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator RegistryHigher New York Heart Association classImplantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator RegistryImplantable cardioverter defibrillator implantationNational Cardiovascular Data RegistryImplantable cardioverter-defibrillator indicationsImplantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) proceduresCongenital heart patientsCardioverter-defibrillator implantationStructural heart diseaseHigh rateLead implantsOverall registryVentricle patientsClinical characteristicsDefibrillator implantationCHD typesCommon ventricleSex-Specific Mortality Risk by QRS Morphology and Duration in Patients Receiving CRT Results From the NCDR
Zusterzeel R, Curtis JP, Caños DA, Sanders WE, Selzman KA, Piña IL, Spatz ES, Bao H, Ponirakis A, Varosy PD, Masoudi FA, Strauss DG. Sex-Specific Mortality Risk by QRS Morphology and Duration in Patients Receiving CRT Results From the NCDR. Journal Of The American College Of Cardiology 2014, 64: 887-894. PMID: 25169173, DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2014.06.1162.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsLeft bundle branch blockNational Cardiovascular Data RegistryLonger QRS durationQRS durationQRS morphologyHazard ratioMortality riskBetter survivalCardiac resynchronization therapy defibrillator implantationImplantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator RegistrySex-specific mortality risksCRT-D implantationCRT-D patientsBundle branch blockLower mortality riskSex differencesComparator groupBranch blockData registryBetter outcomesPatientsLower mortalitySurvival curvesMortalityWomen