2024
Quantitative Assessment of Mitochondrial Morphology and Electrophysiological Function in the Diabetic Heart
Cacheux M, Rudokas M, Tieu A, Rizk J, Hummel M, Akar F. Quantitative Assessment of Mitochondrial Morphology and Electrophysiological Function in the Diabetic Heart. Methods In Molecular Biology 2024, 2803: 75-86. PMID: 38676886, DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3846-0_6.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsMitochondrial shapeMitochondrial networkMitochondrial architectureSubcellular localizationMitochondrial morphologyDiabetic heartOxidative phosphorylationATP synthesisAction potentialsSarcolemmal ion channelsExcitation-contraction couplingFission eventsOptical action potentialsExcitation-contractionCardiac myocytesElectrophysiological properties
2013
Electrophysiological Remodeling in Heart Failure
Akar F, Tomaselli G. Electrophysiological Remodeling in Heart Failure. 2013, 369-386. DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4471-4881-4_22.Peer-Reviewed Reviews, Practice Guidelines, Standards, and Consensus StatementsHeart failureTreatment of arrhythmiasCellular electrophysiological propertiesIon channelsSafe therapyConduction abnormalitiesElectrophysiological remodelingSudden deathNovel pharmacologicalArrhythmogenic triggersElectrophysiological propertiesAction potentialsArrhythmiasFunctional consequencesIonic mechanismsMolecular mechanismsOrgan levelFailureTherapyAbnormalitiesPharmacologicalRepolarization
2011
Deciphering Arrhythmia Mechanisms: Tools of the Trade
Salama G, Akar FG. Deciphering Arrhythmia Mechanisms: Tools of the Trade. Cardiac Electrophysiology Clinics 2011, 3: 11-21. PMID: 21572551, PMCID: PMC3093299, DOI: 10.1016/j.ccep.2010.10.013.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchArrhythmia mechanismsIschemia-reperfusion injuryCalcium handling propertiesLong QT syndromeMultiple cardiovascular disordersHeart failureCardiac functionCardiovascular disordersQT syndromeComplex arrhythmiasAction potentialsOptical action potentialsPathophysiological remodelingTissue levelsOrgan system levelRepolarization gradientsArrhythmiasSub-cellular changesSyndromeInjuryLevels
2008
Arrhythmia Mechanisms in the Failing Heart
JIN H, LYON AR, AKAR FG. Arrhythmia Mechanisms in the Failing Heart. Pacing And Clinical Electrophysiology 2008, 31: 1048-1056. PMID: 18684263, DOI: 10.1111/j.1540-8159.2008.01134.x.Peer-Reviewed Reviews, Practice Guidelines, Standards, and Consensus StatementsConceptsHeart failureArrhythmia mechanismsFundamental arrhythmia mechanismsSudden cardiac deathLethal ventricular tachyarrhythmiasCalcium handling proteinsEffective treatment strategiesCardiac deathMalignant arrhythmiasVentricular tachyarrhythmiasElectrical remodelingConduction abnormalitiesFailing HeartTreatment strategiesLethal arrhythmiasElectrophysiological substrateHandling proteinsAction potentialsPatientsArrhythmiasIon channelsDeathHeartTachyarrhythmiasAbnormalities
2005
The mitochondrial origin of postischemic arrhythmias
Akar FG, Aon MA, Tomaselli GF, O'Rourke B. The mitochondrial origin of postischemic arrhythmias. Journal Of Clinical Investigation 2005, 115: 3527-3535. PMID: 16284648, PMCID: PMC1280968, DOI: 10.1172/jci25371.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAction PotentialsAnimalsAnionsArrhythmias, CardiacDose-Response Relationship, DrugElectrophysiologyGuinea PigsHeartIntracellular MembranesIon ChannelsIschemiaMembrane PotentialsMicroscopy, ConfocalMitochondria, HeartMyocardial IschemiaMyocardial ReperfusionMyocardial Reperfusion InjuryMyocardiumMyocytes, CardiacOscillometryReactive Oxygen SpeciesReceptors, GABA-AReperfusion InjuryTemperatureTime FactorsConceptsAction potentialsVentricular fibrillationPostischemic functional recoveryIschemic heart diseaseGuinea pig heartsNew therapeutic targetsAbnormal electrical activationPostischemic arrhythmiasReperfusion arrhythmiasFunctional recoveryGlobal ischemiaHeart diseaseBolus infusionArrhythmia preventionElectrophysiological changesAP shorteningControl heartsPostischemic heartsBenzodiazepine receptorsElectrophysiological substrateTherapeutic targetArrhythmiasReperfusionPig heartsMitochondrial benzodiazepine receptor
2003
Transmural Electrophysiological Heterogeneities Underlying Arrhythmogenesis in Heart Failure
Akar FG, Rosenbaum DS. Transmural Electrophysiological Heterogeneities Underlying Arrhythmogenesis in Heart Failure. Circulation Research 2003, 93: 638-645. PMID: 12933704, DOI: 10.1161/01.res.0000092248.59479.ae.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsPolymorphic ventricular tachycardiaHeart failureQT interval prolongationQT intervalM cellsConduction blockAPD prolongationTransmural wallAction potential duration prolongationRapid ventricular pacingTransmural heterogeneityFunctional conduction blockVentricular tachyarrhythmiasPremature impulsesSubepicardial zoneVentricular pacingVentricular tachycardiaHF phenotypesDuration prolongationCanine wedge preparationSelective prolongationDecremental conductionAction potentialsOptical action potentialsVentricular wall
2002
Unique Topographical Distribution of M Cells Underlies Reentrant Mechanism of Torsade de Pointes in the Long-QT Syndrome
Akar FG, Yan GX, Antzelevitch C, Rosenbaum DS. Unique Topographical Distribution of M Cells Underlies Reentrant Mechanism of Torsade de Pointes in the Long-QT Syndrome. Circulation 2002, 105: 1247-1253. PMID: 11889021, DOI: 10.1161/hc1002.105231.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsLong QT syndromeSpecific ion channel mutationsCongenital long QT syndromeM cellsQT interval prolongationIon channel mutationsInterval prolongationReentrant mechanismTdP arrhythmiasConduction blockCanine wedge preparationReentrant circuitTransmural dispersionLeft ventricleAction potentialsTransmural wallIntact myocardiumTopographical distributionChannel mutationsWedge preparationsMidmyocardial cellsRepolarizationLQT2Cellular basisElectrical instability
1998
Modulated Dispersion Explains Changes in Arrhythmia Vulnerability During Premature Stimulation of the Heart
Laurita K, Girouard S, Akar F, Rosenbaum D. Modulated Dispersion Explains Changes in Arrhythmia Vulnerability During Premature Stimulation of the Heart. Circulation 1998, 98: 2774-2780. PMID: 9851966, DOI: 10.1161/01.cir.98.24.2774.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsVentricular fibrillation thresholdSingle premature stimulusPremature stimuliArrhythmia vulnerabilityBaseline levelsPremature stimulationS1S2 intervalRepolarization gradientsGuinea pig heartsBaseline pacingFibrillation thresholdArrhythmogenic substrateVentricular fibrillationVentricular sitesStimulus-induced changesVentricular repolarizationCoupling intervalCardiac arrhythmiasS2 beatElectrophysiological propertiesAction potentialsOptical action potentialsHeterogeneous electrophysiological propertiesPig heartsRepolarization