2022
Predicting resistance to fluoroquinolones among patients with rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis using machine learning methods
You S, Chitwood MH, Gunasekera KS, Crudu V, Codreanu A, Ciobanu N, Furin J, Cohen T, Warren JL, Yaesoubi R. Predicting resistance to fluoroquinolones among patients with rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis using machine learning methods. PLOS Digital Health 2022, 1: e0000059. PMID: 36177394, PMCID: PMC9518704, DOI: 10.1371/journal.pdig.0000059.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchDrug susceptibility testXpert MTB/RIFMachine learning-based modelsLearning-based modelsMachine learning methodsRifampicin-resistant tuberculosisTime of diagnosisRifampin-resistant tuberculosisMTB/RIFNeural network modelLearning methodsNetwork modelMulti-drug resistant tuberculosisNational TB surveillanceDrug-resistant tuberculosisOptimism-corrected areaSelection of antibioticsAnti-TB agentsDistrict-level prevalenceLow-resource settingsPatient characteristicsResistant tuberculosisTB surveillanceAppropriate treatmentDST resultsNeighbourhood prevalence-to-notification ratios for adult bacteriologically-confirmed tuberculosis reveals hotspots of underdiagnosis in Blantyre, Malawi
Khundi M, Carpenter JR, Corbett EL, Feasey HRA, Soko RN, Nliwasa M, Twabi H, Chiume L, Burke RM, Horton KC, Dodd PJ, Cohen T, MacPherson P. Neighbourhood prevalence-to-notification ratios for adult bacteriologically-confirmed tuberculosis reveals hotspots of underdiagnosis in Blantyre, Malawi. PLOS ONE 2022, 17: e0268749. PMID: 35605004, PMCID: PMC9126376, DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0268749.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsCase notification ratesPrevalence surveyNotification ratioNeighbourhood prevalenceTB case notification ratesXpert MTB/RIFCase-finding interventionsTrue disease burdenChest X-ray screeningTB prevalence surveyTB surveillance systemMTB/RIFDiagnosis of tuberculosisSputum smear microscopyTB clinicTB patientsRespiratory infectionsTB prevalenceDisease burdenNotification ratesSmear microscopyX-ray screeningTuberculosisPrevalenceUrban tuberculosis
2021
Development of a Treatment-decision Algorithm for Human Immunodeficiency Virus–uninfected Children Evaluated for Pulmonary Tuberculosis
Gunasekera KS, Walters E, van der Zalm MM, Palmer M, Warren JL, Hesseling AC, Cohen T, Seddon JA. Development of a Treatment-decision Algorithm for Human Immunodeficiency Virus–uninfected Children Evaluated for Pulmonary Tuberculosis. Clinical Infectious Diseases 2021, 73: e904-e912. PMID: 33449999, PMCID: PMC8366829, DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciab018.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsPulmonary tuberculosisClinical evidenceXpert MTB/RIFBaseline clinical evaluationChest radiographic resultsRapid treatment initiationNational Tuberculosis ProgrammeTreatment decision algorithmsEvidence-based algorithmMTB/RIFDiagnosis of tuberculosisChest radiographicAntituberculosis treatmentProspective cohortRadiographic resultsTreatment initiationTuberculosis casesTuberculosis ProgrammeClinical evaluationCase definitionTreatment decisionsGlobal burdenChildhood mortalityChildren EvaluatedRapid clinical diagnosis
2020
Yield, Efficiency, and Costs of Mass Screening Algorithms for Tuberculosis in Brazilian Prisons
da Silva Santos A, de Oliveira R, Lemos EF, Lima F, Cohen T, Cords O, Martinez L, Gonçalves C, Ko A, Andrews JR, Croda J. Yield, Efficiency, and Costs of Mass Screening Algorithms for Tuberculosis in Brazilian Prisons. Clinical Infectious Diseases 2020, 72: 771-777. PMID: 32064514, PMCID: PMC7935388, DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciaa135.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsXpert MTB/RIFMTB/RIFChest radiographySputum Xpert MTB/RIFHigh TB burden countriesFourth-generation assaysScreening algorithmTB burden countriesSputum testingTB casesTB screeningBurden countriesProspective studySputum testSymptom assessmentChest radiographsScreening testPositivity thresholdMass screeningTuberculosisMore casesDiagnostic algorithmDiagnostic testsMajor causeScreening strategy
2014
Modeling of Novel Diagnostic Strategies for Active Tuberculosis – A Systematic Review: Current Practices and Recommendations
Zwerling A, White RG, Vassall A, Cohen T, Dowdy DW, Houben RM. Modeling of Novel Diagnostic Strategies for Active Tuberculosis – A Systematic Review: Current Practices and Recommendations. PLOS ONE 2014, 9: e110558. PMID: 25340701, PMCID: PMC4207742, DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0110558.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsNucleic acid amplification testsIncremental cost-effectiveness ratioActive tuberculosisHealth system modelDiagnostic strategiesNovel diagnostic strategiesAlternative nucleic acid amplification testsXpert MTB/RIFMTB/RIFCost-effectiveness ratioMulti-way sensitivity analysesFalse-negative diagnosesPre-diagnostic periodCost-effectiveness modelCost-effectiveness estimatesDiagnostic delayDiagnostic pathwayAdditional epidemiological dataTB diagnosticsEpidemiological dataReference listsAmplification testsEpidemiological impactEligible papersEpidemiological settingsAssessment of the patient, health system, and population effects of Xpert MTB/RIF and alternative diagnostics for tuberculosis in Tanzania: an integrated modelling approach
Langley I, Lin HH, Egwaga S, Doulla B, Ku CC, Murray M, Cohen T, Squire SB. Assessment of the patient, health system, and population effects of Xpert MTB/RIF and alternative diagnostics for tuberculosis in Tanzania: an integrated modelling approach. The Lancet Global Health 2014, 2: e581-e591. PMID: 25304634, DOI: 10.1016/s2214-109x(14)70291-8.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsIncremental cost-effectiveness ratioHigh incremental costIncremental costLED fluorescence microscopyCost-effectiveness ratioPay thresholdsFull rolloutContext of TanzaniaCost-effective optionHealth policy formulationPolicy formulationDifferent diagnostic optionsIntegrated modelling approachModelling approachAdditional costHealth systemCostAlternative diagnosticsIntegrated modelXpert MTB/RIFPopulation effectsMTB/RIFPresumptive tuberculosis casesWillingnessUse of Xpert
2012
Population Health Impact and Cost-Effectiveness of Tuberculosis Diagnosis with Xpert MTB/RIF: A Dynamic Simulation and Economic Evaluation
Menzies NA, Cohen T, Lin HH, Murray M, Salomon JA. Population Health Impact and Cost-Effectiveness of Tuberculosis Diagnosis with Xpert MTB/RIF: A Dynamic Simulation and Economic Evaluation. PLOS Medicine 2012, 9: e1001347. PMID: 23185139, PMCID: PMC3502465, DOI: 10.1371/journal.pmed.1001347.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsMultidrug-resistant TBCost-effectiveness ratioInitial diagnosisXpert MTB/RIF testMTB/RIF testXpert MTB/RIFIntroduction of XpertTB natural historyTB-HIV coinfectionMultidrug-resistant tuberculosisHigh HIV prevalenceMTB/RIFHealth system costsImplementation of XpertHealth impactsPopulation health impactCost-effectiveness resultsLong-term transmission dynamicsWorld Health OrganizationAntiretroviral therapyTB casesTB deathsTB morbidityHIV prevalenceRIF test