2016
The co-occurrence of nicotine and other substance use and addiction among youth and adults in the United States: implications for research, practice, and policy
Richter L, Pugh BS, Smith PH, Ball SA. The co-occurrence of nicotine and other substance use and addiction among youth and adults in the United States: implications for research, practice, and policy. The American Journal Of Drug And Alcohol Abuse 2016, 43: 132-145. PMID: 27494436, DOI: 10.1080/00952990.2016.1193511.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsNicotine product useNicotine productsDrug useSubstance useClinical practiceProduct useSubstance use disordersRepresentative US surveyPoly-substance useDiagnostic criteriaNicotine addictionNicotine useNational surveyAddictionPreventionFuture studiesUS surveyAdultsPotential riskRiskAddiction researchDemographic groupsNicotineNonusers
2000
A general system for evaluating therapist adherence and competence in psychotherapy research in the addictions
Carroll K, Nich C, Sifry R, Nuro K, Frankforter T, Ball S, Fenton L, Rounsaville B. A general system for evaluating therapist adherence and competence in psychotherapy research in the addictions. Drug And Alcohol Dependence 2000, 57: 225-238. PMID: 10661673, DOI: 10.1016/s0376-8716(99)00049-6.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsTherapist adherenceRandomized clinical trialsSubstance use disordersDrug abuse treatmentYale AdherenceClinical trialsPharmacotherapy researchUse disordersBehavioral treatmentAbuse treatmentClinical researchAdherenceTreatmentComparison treatmentCompetence scoresExcellent reliabilityAddictionDiscriminant validityCompetence ScaleFactor structurePsychotherapy research