2023
AGA Clinical Practice Update on the Use of Vasoactive Drugs and Intravenous Albumin in Cirrhosis: Expert Review
Garcia-Tsao G, Abraldes J, Rich N, Wong V. AGA Clinical Practice Update on the Use of Vasoactive Drugs and Intravenous Albumin in Cirrhosis: Expert Review. Gastroenterology 2023, 166: 202-210. PMID: 37978969, DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2023.10.016.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsSpontaneous bacterial peritonitisAcute kidney injuryLarge-volume paracentesisEffective arterial blood volumeVasoactive drugsVariceal hemorrhageArterial blood volumeHRS-AKIUncomplicated ascitesIntravenous albuminVolume statusPractice UpdateBlood volumeChronic liver failure grade 3Best practice advice statementsClinical Practice Updates CommitteeEnd-stage liver diseaseAGA Clinical Practice UpdateForms of AKIIntensive care unit monitoringAGA Governing BoardCombination of vasoconstrictorsInitial endoscopic hemostasisPatient's volume statusClinical Practice UpdateUpdate in the Treatment of the Complications of Cirrhosis
Abraldes J, Caraceni P, Ghabril M, Garcia-Tsao G. Update in the Treatment of the Complications of Cirrhosis. Clinical Gastroenterology And Hepatology 2023, 21: 2100-2109. PMID: 36972759, PMCID: PMC11097249, DOI: 10.1016/j.cgh.2023.03.019.Peer-Reviewed Reviews, Practice Guidelines, Standards, and Consensus StatementsConceptsTransjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shuntVariceal hemorrhageHepatic encephalopathyPre-emptive transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shuntsAcute variceal hemorrhageCombination of terlipressinAcute kidney injuryComplications of cirrhosisSecond-line treatmentSignificant portal hypertensionFirst-line treatmentLeast common causePrognosis of patientsOrnithine L-aspartatePresence of varicesIntrahepatic portosystemic shuntStandard of careQuality of lifeCyanoacrylate injectionHepatorenal syndromeUncomplicated ascitesKidney injuryPortal hypertensionRefractory ascitesAlbumin use
2022
Concept of Further Decompensation and Recompensation
D’Amico G, Garcia-Tsao G. Concept of Further Decompensation and Recompensation. 2022, 523-535. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-08552-9_47.Peer-Reviewed Original Research
2021
SACRED: Effect of simvastatin on hepatic decompensation and death in subjects with high-risk compensated cirrhosis: Statins and Cirrhosis: Reducing Events of Decompensation
Kaplan D, Mehta R, Garcia-Tsao G, Albrecht J, Aytaman A, Baffy G, Bajaj J, Hernaez R, Hunt K, Ioannou G, Johnson K, Kanwal F, Lee T, Monto A, Pandya P, Schaubel D, Taddei T. SACRED: Effect of simvastatin on hepatic decompensation and death in subjects with high-risk compensated cirrhosis: Statins and Cirrhosis: Reducing Events of Decompensation. Contemporary Clinical Trials 2021, 104: 106367. PMID: 33771685, PMCID: PMC8422958, DOI: 10.1016/j.cct.2021.106367.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsHepatic decompensationPortal hypertensionEvents of decompensationHepatic decompensation eventsLiver-related deathSignificant portal hypertensionAcceptable safety profileProspective human studiesRole of statinsChronic liver diseaseClasses of medicationsPatient-reported outcomesDevelopment of decompensationEffect of simvastatinVA Medical CenterCompensated cirrhosisDecompensation eventsStatin therapyVariceal hemorrhageCirrhotic patientsStandard therapyVascular reactivityExert pleiotropic effectsLiver diseaseRetrospective study
2018
Esophageal Varices
Jakab S, Garcia-Tsao G. Esophageal Varices. 2018, 195-208. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-98506-0_15.Peer-Reviewed Educational MaterialsVariceal hemorrhageEsophageal varicesComplications of cirrhosisEsophageal variceal hemorrhageScreening/surveillanceSecondary prophylaxisVariceal bleedingLiver diseaseTreatment optionsCurrent recommendationsHigh riskCirrhosisPrevention strategiesVaricesComplicationsHemorrhagePatientsProphylaxisBleedingMortalityDiseaseEVHProgressionSeverity
2017
Management of Portal Hypertension
Garcia‐Tsao G, Abraldes J. Management of Portal Hypertension. 2017, 304-335. DOI: 10.1002/9781119251316.ch12.Peer-Reviewed Educational MaterialsComplications of cirrhosisPortal hypertensionVariceal hemorrhagePortal pressure gradientInferior vena cavaObjective of treatmentGastroesophageal varicesPortal pressurePathological increaseVena cavaPortal veinCommon causeCirrhosisHypertensionComplicationsHemorrhageMost studiesVaricesDecompensationCavaStratifying risk in the prevention of recurrent variceal hemorrhage: Results of an individual patient meta‐analysis
Albillos A, Zamora J, Martínez J, Arroyo D, Ahmad I, De‐la‐Peña J, Garcia‐Pagán J, Lo G, Sarin S, Sharma B, Abraldes JG, Bosch J, Garcia‐Tsao G, Cooperation O. Stratifying risk in the prevention of recurrent variceal hemorrhage: Results of an individual patient meta‐analysis. Hepatology 2017, 66: 1219-1231. PMID: 28543862, PMCID: PMC5605404, DOI: 10.1002/hep.29267.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsChild B/CPrevious variceal bleedingCombination therapyVariceal bleedingCirrhosis severityChild APrognostic stageRecurrent variceal hemorrhageAdvanced liver failureEndoscopic variceal ligationOutcome of therapyVariceal hemorrhageLiver failureVariceal ligationLiver functionPatientsPatient careVaricealTherapyPatient dataMortalityTrialsCirrhosisBleedingProphylaxisPrimary and secondary prophylaxis of esophageal variceal bleeding
Jangouk P, Garcia-Tsao G. Primary and secondary prophylaxis of esophageal variceal bleeding. Techniques And Innovations In Gastrointestinal Endoscopy 2017, 19: 84-89. DOI: 10.1016/j.tgie.2017.03.004.Peer-Reviewed Educational MaterialsHepatic venous pressure gradientPortal hypertensionVariceal hemorrhageHigh riskComplications of cirrhosisSignificant portal hypertensionVenous pressure gradientDevelopment of varicesEsophageal variceal bleedingIsolated complicationSecondary prophylaxisCompensated cirrhosisDirect complicationsVariceal bleedingClinical decompensationPortal pressureEsophageal varicesCompensated stageChronic conditionsCirrhosisVaricesComplicationsHemorrhageDecompensationPatients
2016
Impact of Treatment of Non-bleeding Complications of Cirrhosis on the Risk of Variceal Bleeding
Augustin S, Albillos A, Ripoll C, Abraldes J, Salerno F, Moreau R, Reiberger T, Garcia-Tsao G. Impact of Treatment of Non-bleeding Complications of Cirrhosis on the Risk of Variceal Bleeding. 2016, 341-353. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-23018-4_34.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchHepatic venous pressure gradientVariceal hemorrhageVariceal bleedingPortal pressureAlpha-1 adrenergic antagonistNon-bleeding complicationsVenous pressure gradientPortal blood flowClinical trial recordsImpact of treatmentDecompensated cirrhosisOral anticoagulantsRefractory ascitesCirrhotic patientsClinical decompensationCohort studyArterial pressureVasoactive drugsRandomized trialsLarge trialsCardiac outputProphylactic useAdrenergic antagonistsClinical dataBlood flowIntroduction and Survey Results
Garcia-Tsao G, Ripoll C, Augustin S, Reiberger T, Albillos A, Moreau R, Salerno F, Abraldes J. Introduction and Survey Results. 2016, 303-309. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-23018-4_30.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchComplications of cirrhosisRecurrent variceal hemorrhageVariceal hemorrhageDifferent prognostic stagesEndpoints of trialsPresence of varicesInvestigation of patientsCompensated patientsCurrent therapiesSpecific therapyDifferent prognosisPrognostic stageHemorrhageCirrhosisPatientsComplicationsTherapyDifferent efficacyVaricesDecompensationPrognosisRecurrenceConsensus Statements: Preventing Recurrent Variceal Hemorrhage and Other Decompensating Events
Abraldes J, Albillos A, Augustin S, Moreau R, Reiberger T, Ripoll C, Salerno F, Garcia-Tsao G. Consensus Statements: Preventing Recurrent Variceal Hemorrhage and Other Decompensating Events. 2016, 365-367. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-23018-4_36.Peer-Reviewed Reviews, Practice Guidelines, Standards, and Consensus Statements
2015
Natural History of Cirrhosis
Garcia-Tsao G. Natural History of Cirrhosis. 2015, 13-20. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-13614-1_2.Peer-Reviewed Reviews, Practice Guidelines, Standards, and Consensus StatementsPrognostic stageHepatic venous pressure gradientNatural historyDifferent prognostic stagesRecurrent variceal hemorrhageVenous pressure gradientMulti-organ failureAbsence of varicesHepatorenal syndromeDecompensated cirrhosisRefractory ascitesVariceal hemorrhageHepatic encephalopathyLiver failureSpecific complicationsWorse prognosisDecompensated stageReversible diseaseCirrhosisPatientsVaricesPrognosisDecompensationAscitesComplications
2012
Prognostic indicators of survival in patients with compensated and decompensated cirrhosis
Zipprich A, Garcia‐Tsao G, Rogowski S, Fleig WE, Seufferlein T, Dollinger MM. Prognostic indicators of survival in patients with compensated and decompensated cirrhosis. Liver International 2012, 32: 1407-1414. PMID: 22679906, PMCID: PMC3713489, DOI: 10.1111/j.1478-3231.2012.02830.x.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsHepatic venous pressure gradientPredictors of deathCompensated patientsPortal hypertensionPrognostic valueComplications of cirrhosisSignificant portal hypertensionStage 2 patientsVenous pressure gradientDecompensated patientsSystemic haemodynamicsVariceal hemorrhagePortal pressureIndependent predictorsMultivariable analysisClinical eventsDecompensated stagePrognostic indicatorStaging systemLonger survivalBACKGROUND/CirrhosisPatientsSurvival rateAnalyse survival
2011
Intensive care of the patient with cirrhosis
Olson JC, Wendon JA, Kramer DJ, Arroyo V, Jalan R, Garcia‐Tsao G, Kamath PS. Intensive care of the patient with cirrhosis. Hepatology 2011, 54: 1864-1872. PMID: 21898477, DOI: 10.1002/hep.24622.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsMultiple organ failureIntensive care unitCare unitOrgan failureLiver functionSignificant survival benefitPresence of infectionFurther deteriorationQuality of lifeNumber of organsLiver support systemsAlcoholic hepatitisLiver transplantationVariceal hemorrhageAcute deteriorationCommon organLiver dysfunctionSurvival benefitViral hepatitisIll patientsIntensive careCritical carePatientsHigh mortalityTeam approachManagement: Cirrhotic Portal Hypertension
Lim J, Garcia-Tsao G. Management: Cirrhotic Portal Hypertension. 2011, 165-181. DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4419-8327-5_11.Peer-Reviewed Reviews, Practice Guidelines, Standards, and Consensus StatementsPortal hypertensionVariceal hemorrhageAcute variceal hemorrhageCirrhotic portal hypertensionBetter risk stratificationNovel pharmacotherapeutic agentsGastroesophageal varicesPortal pressureRisk stratificationMain complicationsNoninvasive markerPharmacotherapeutic agentsIndividualized careHypertensionVaricesHemorrhageSignificant mortalityCirrhosisSignificant improvementProphylaxisComplicationsPatientsRecurrenceMortality
2010
Antibiotic Prophylaxis and Management of Bacterial Infections
Lim J, Tandon P, Garcia-Tsao G. Antibiotic Prophylaxis and Management of Bacterial Infections. Clinical Gastroenterology 2010, 395-410. DOI: 10.1007/978-1-60761-866-9_20.Peer-Reviewed Reviews, Practice Guidelines, Standards, and Consensus StatementsSpontaneous bacterial peritonitisBacterial infectionsAntibiotic prophylaxisAcute kidney injuryRecurrent variceal hemorrhageHigh-risk patientsRole of antibioticsAcute decompensationKidney injuryVariceal hemorrhageBacterial peritonitisImportant complicationLiver failureClinical featuresCommon infectionsRisk factorsRole of albuminCirrhosisCommon precipitantsProphylaxisInfectionCommon typePatientsDecompensationPeritonitis
2009
Pharmacological versus endoscopic therapy in the prevention of variceal hemorrhage: And the winner is…
Bosch J, Garcia‐Tsao G. Pharmacological versus endoscopic therapy in the prevention of variceal hemorrhage: And the winner is…. Hepatology 2009, 50: 674-677. PMID: 19714716, DOI: 10.1002/hep.23164.Peer-Reviewed Reviews, Practice Guidelines, Standards, and Consensus Statements
2007
A pilot project examining the predicted preferences of patients and physicians in the primary prophylaxis of variceal hemorrhage
Longacre AV, Imaeda A, Garcia‐Tsao G, Fraenkel L. A pilot project examining the predicted preferences of patients and physicians in the primary prophylaxis of variceal hemorrhage. Hepatology 2007, 47: 169-176. PMID: 17935182, PMCID: PMC2674014, DOI: 10.1002/hep.21945.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsEndoscopic variceal ligationProcedure-related bleedingVariceal hemorrhagePrimary prophylaxisPreferences of patientsRoute of administrationSexual dysfunctionFirst-line therapyShortness of breathIndividual patient preferencesUntreated patientsEsophageal varicesVariceal ligationPrimary preventionPatient preferencesRisk of fatigueTreatment preferencesProphylaxisSide effectsHemorrhagePatientsBleedingPhysiciansFuture guidelinesHypotension
2004
Treatment of acute variceal bleeding: general management and prevention of infections
Garcia-Tsao G. Treatment of acute variceal bleeding: general management and prevention of infections. 2004, 233-240. DOI: 10.1007/978-94-007-1042-9_25.Peer-Reviewed Reviews, Practice Guidelines, Standards, and Consensus StatementsVariceal bleedingCirrhotic patientsPoor outcomePredictive factorsHepatic venous pressure gradientUpper gastrointestinal bleeding episodesActive variceal bleedingEarly recurrent bleedingAcute variceal bleedingVenous pressure gradientGastrointestinal bleeding episodesPrevention of infectionAlcoholic etiologyBleeding episodesGastrointestinal hemorrhageRecurrent bleedingRenal dysfunctionVariceal hemorrhageLiver dysfunctionEsophageal varicesUncontrolled bleedingDiagnostic endoscopyHepatocellular carcinomaBleedingPatients
2003
Portal hypertension
GarciaTsao G. Portal hypertension. Current Opinion In Internal Medicine 2003, 2: 229-237. DOI: 10.1097/00132980-200302030-00003.Peer-Reviewed Reviews, Practice Guidelines, Standards, and Consensus StatementsPortal hypertensionHyperdynamic circulationPortosystemic encephalopathyAccumulation of neurotoxinsPortal venous inflowSpontaneous bacterial peritonitisEffective blood volumeExtreme vasodilatationHepatorenal syndromeRenal vasoconstrictionSinusoidal hypertensionVasoconstrictive systemsGastroesophageal varicesIntrahepatic resistanceVariceal hemorrhageHemodynamic abnormalitiesRenal failureBacterial peritonitisCommon complicationHepatic insufficiencySodium retentionVenous inflowMain complicationsNeurohumoral systemsLethal infection