2015
Pregnant women with HIV in rural Nigeria have higher rates of antiretroviral treatment initiation, but similar loss to follow-up as non-pregnant women and men
Aliyu MH, Blevins M, Megazzini KM, Parrish DD, Audet CM, Chan N, Odoh C, Gebi UI, Muhammad MY, Shepherd BE, Wester CW, Vermund SH. Pregnant women with HIV in rural Nigeria have higher rates of antiretroviral treatment initiation, but similar loss to follow-up as non-pregnant women and men. International Health 2015, 7: 405-411. PMID: 26012740, PMCID: PMC4654753, DOI: 10.1093/inthealth/ihv032.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsNon-pregnant womenPregnant womenPregnancy statusCumulative incidenceART-naïve patientsEarly ART initiationPost-ART initiationAntiretroviral therapy initiationDays of enrollmentART-naïve HIVAntiretroviral treatment initiationRural NigeriaART initiationHigher CD4Therapy initiationTreatment initiationClinical stageCox regressionPatient groupPregnant clientsHIVLTFUWomenHigh rateSexEnrolment trends in a comprehensive HIV programme in rural north-central Nigeria: improved care indices, but declining quality of clinical data over time
Aliyu MH, Blevins M, Arinze F, Megazzini KM, Bussell S, Dunlap J, Odoh C, Gebi UI, Muhammad MY, Shepherd BE, Audet CM, Vermund SH, Wester CW. Enrolment trends in a comprehensive HIV programme in rural north-central Nigeria: improved care indices, but declining quality of clinical data over time. Pathogens And Global Health 2015, 109: 75-83. PMID: 25822098, PMCID: PMC4571821, DOI: 10.1179/2047773215y.0000000007.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsComprehensive HIV programsHIV programsComprehensive HIV/AIDS servicesCell countAdvanced clinical diseaseClinical stage INorth Central NigeriaHIV/AIDS servicesRural North-Central NigeriaQuality improvement effortsMedian CD4Clinical stagingMedian ageHIV servicesCare indexClinical dataClinical diseaseStage IAIDS servicesPatientsWindow periodHemoglobin dataClinical servicesEnrollment yearCells/
2014
Symptomatic HIV-Positive Persons in Rural Mozambique Who First Consult a Traditional Healer Have Delays in HIV Testing
Audet CM, Blevins M, Rosenberg C, Farnsworth S, Salato J, Fernandez J, Vermund SH. Symptomatic HIV-Positive Persons in Rural Mozambique Who First Consult a Traditional Healer Have Delays in HIV Testing. JAIDS Journal Of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes 2014, 66: e80-e86. PMID: 24815853, PMCID: PMC4077983, DOI: 10.1097/qai.0000000000000194.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsHIV testingTraditional healersHealth facility visitsLow CD4 cellsCD4 cell countHIV-seropositive personsHIV-positive personsCross-sectional studyPrevious health careLocal health facilitiesHIV/AIDSTime of HIVAntiretroviral therapyTherapy delayCD4 cellsHIV diagnosisMedian timeSicker patientsInitial careTime of entrySymptomatic individualsFacility visitsRelevant symptomsEarly diagnosisHealth facilitiesHPTN 071 (PopART): Rationale and design of a cluster-randomised trial of the population impact of an HIV combination prevention intervention including universal testing and treatment – a study protocol for a cluster randomised trial
Hayes R, Ayles H, Beyers N, Sabapathy K, Floyd S, Shanaube K, Bock P, Griffith S, Moore A, Watson-Jones D, Fraser C, Vermund SH, Fidler S, The HPTN 071 (PopART) Study Team. HPTN 071 (PopART): Rationale and design of a cluster-randomised trial of the population impact of an HIV combination prevention intervention including universal testing and treatment – a study protocol for a cluster randomised trial. Trials 2014, 15: 57. PMID: 24524229, PMCID: PMC3929317, DOI: 10.1186/1745-6215-15-57.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdolescentAdultAnti-HIV AgentsCircumcision, MaleClinical ProtocolsCost-Benefit AnalysisDrug Administration ScheduleFemaleHealth Care CostsHIV InfectionsHumansIncidenceMaleMass ScreeningPredictive Value of TestsPrevalenceResearch DesignSouth AfricaTime FactorsTreatment OutcomeYoung AdultZambiaConceptsImmediate antiretroviral treatmentAntiretroviral treatmentHIV incidenceHIV testingCombination HIV prevention packageHIV combination prevention interventionsHome-based HIV testingUniversal testingCombination prevention interventionsHIV prevention packageHPTN 071 (PopART) trialUniversal HIV testingHIV-negative menCluster-randomised trialCurrent national guidelinesStandard of careMedical male circumcisionPublic health problemThree-arm designPotential adverse effectsART initiationHPTN 071Testing HIVSecondary outcomesArm BRisk Factors for Delayed Initiation of Combination Antiretroviral Therapy in Rural North Central Nigeria
Aliyu MH, Blevins M, Parrish DD, Megazzini KM, Gebi UI, Muhammad MY, Ahmed ML, Hassan A, Shepherd BE, Vermund SH, Wester CW. Risk Factors for Delayed Initiation of Combination Antiretroviral Therapy in Rural North Central Nigeria. JAIDS Journal Of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes 2014, 65: e41-e49. PMID: 23727981, PMCID: PMC3818360, DOI: 10.1097/qai.0b013e31829ceaec.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsCombination antiretroviral therapyAntiretroviral therapyDate of enrollmentART initiationCD4 countFunctional statusInitiation of ARTMedian CD4 countHigher CD4 countsLower functional statusMonths of enrollmentBody mass indexART eligibility criteriaAdults/adolescentsRural North-Central NigeriaHIV/AIDSQuality improvement effortsEligible HIVEligible patientsPatient characteristicsART uptakeMass indexRisk factorsTimely initiationDelayed initiation
2013
Haemoglobin recovery among HIV-1 infected patients on zidovudine-based antiretroviral therapy and other regimens in north-central Nigeria
Parrish DD, Blevins M, Megazzini KM, Shepherd BE, Mohammed MY, Wester CW, Vermund SH, Aliyu MH. Haemoglobin recovery among HIV-1 infected patients on zidovudine-based antiretroviral therapy and other regimens in north-central Nigeria. International Journal Of STD & AIDS 2013, 25: 355-359. PMID: 24104694, PMCID: PMC4385388, DOI: 10.1177/0956462413506887.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdultAnemiaAnti-HIV AgentsAntiretroviral Therapy, Highly ActiveDrug Therapy, CombinationFemaleHemoglobinsHIV InfectionsHumansLinear ModelsMaleMiddle AgedNigeriaRetrospective StudiesReverse Transcriptase InhibitorsRural PopulationSocioeconomic FactorsTime FactorsTreatment OutcomeZidovudineConceptsBaseline hemoglobin levelCombination antiretroviral therapyHemoglobin levelsAntiretroviral therapyHemoglobin recoveryNon-pregnant adult patientsUse of zidovudineZidovudine-containing regimenZidovudine-containing regimensNorth Central NigeriaGroup of patientsRural North-Central NigeriaMeasures of hemoglobinZidovudine useBaseline hemoglobinAdult patientsMedian hemoglobinHemoglobin responseHIV-1PatientsZidovudineHemoglobin dataHemoglobinRegimensTherapyRecruiting Trainees for a Global Health Research Workforce: The National Institutes of Health Fogarty International Clinical Research Scholars Program Selection Process
Heimburger DC, Warner TL, Carothers CL, Blevins M, Thomas Y, Gardner P, Primack A, Vermund SH. Recruiting Trainees for a Global Health Research Workforce: The National Institutes of Health Fogarty International Clinical Research Scholars Program Selection Process. American Journal Of Tropical Medicine And Hygiene 2013, 89: 281-287. PMID: 23798584, PMCID: PMC3741249, DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.12-0677.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchImpact of Definitions of Loss to Follow-up on Estimates of Retention, Disease Progression, and Mortality: Application to an HIV Program in Mozambique
Shepherd BE, Blevins M, Vaz LM, Moon TD, Kipp AM, José E, Ferreira FG, Vermund SH. Impact of Definitions of Loss to Follow-up on Estimates of Retention, Disease Progression, and Mortality: Application to an HIV Program in Mozambique. American Journal Of Epidemiology 2013, 178: 819-828. PMID: 23785113, PMCID: PMC3755641, DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwt030.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsHuman immunodeficiency virusVisit scheduleKaplan-Meier techniqueRate of mortalityAntiretroviral therapyCumulative incidenceTreatment initiationEstimates of retentionImmunodeficiency syndromeImmunodeficiency virusHIV programsChronic diseasesDisease progressionPatient retentionImpact of definitionsHIV literatureClinical encountersStudy outcomesMortalityAIDSLTFDeathInformative censoringProgram evaluationStudy conclusions
2010
An Empirical Approach to Defining Loss to Follow-up Among Patients Enrolled in Antiretroviral Treatment Programs
Chi BH, Cantrell RA, Mwango A, Westfall AO, Mutale W, Limbada M, Mulenga LB, Vermund SH, Stringer JS. An Empirical Approach to Defining Loss to Follow-up Among Patients Enrolled in Antiretroviral Treatment Programs. American Journal Of Epidemiology 2010, 171: 924-931. PMID: 20219765, PMCID: PMC2850972, DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwq008.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsAntiretroviral therapyHIV-infected adultsAntiretroviral treatment programLTFU definitionTreatment cohortsPatient attritionLast appointmentPatient lossCohort membersLTFUConsensus criteriaTreatment programPatientsOne-thirdMore reliable comparisonsDaysAppointmentsTherapyCohortCliniciansMisclassificationMarginal differencesVisitsCare
2009
Early Neurologic Abnormalities Associated with Human T-Cell Lymphotropic Virus Type 1 Infection in a Cohort of Peruvian Children
Kendall EA, González E, Espinoza I, Tipismana M, Verdonck K, Clark D, Vermund SH, Gotuzzo E. Early Neurologic Abnormalities Associated with Human T-Cell Lymphotropic Virus Type 1 Infection in a Cohort of Peruvian Children. The Journal Of Pediatrics 2009, 155: 700-706. PMID: 19628219, PMCID: PMC2764792, DOI: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2009.05.027.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdolescentAge DistributionAge of OnsetCase-Control StudiesChildChild, PreschoolCohort StudiesConfidence IntervalsFemaleHTLV-I InfectionsHuman T-lymphotropic virus 1HumansInfectious Disease Transmission, VerticalMaleNeurologic ExaminationOdds RatioParaparesisParaparesis, Tropical SpasticPeruPrevalenceProbabilityRisk AssessmentSeverity of Illness IndexSex DistributionSpinal Cord DiseasesTime FactorsUrination DisordersConceptsParesthesia/dysesthesiaHTLV-1 infectionNeurologic abnormalitiesInfective dermatitisHTLV-1Lumbar painHuman T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 infectionMyelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesisHuman T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1Virus type 1 infectionPeruvian childrenAbnormal neurologic findingsEarly Neurologic AbnormalitiesLower extremity hyperreflexiaStandardized neurologic examinationType 1 infectionTropical spastic paraparesisWeakness/fatigueHTLV-1 statusVirus type 1Uninfected childrenNeurologic findingsNeurologic symptomsUrinary disturbanceNeurologic examination[Sharing of needles and paraphernalia injection in new and long-term injection drug users in Sichuan, China].
Liu JB, Zhang LL, Lai WH, Feng L, Zeng YL, Liu L, Hu Y, Li J, Zhang XL, Xiao Y, Vermund SH, Jia YJ. [Sharing of needles and paraphernalia injection in new and long-term injection drug users in Sichuan, China]. Chinese Journal Of Epidemiology 2009, 30: 656-62. PMID: 19957584.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsNon-regular sex partnersLong-term injection drug usersInjection drug usersRegular sex partnersCommercial sex partnersSex partnersUnprotected sexNew injection drug usersSex-related risk behaviorsHIV/STD preventionConsecutive cross-sectional surveysLess educationNeedle exchange programsCross-sectional surveyCondom promotionEligible participantsSTD preventionDrug usersNeedle exchangeRisk behaviorsParaphernalia sharingHigh frequencyInjection historyComprehensive intervention packageIntervention package
2007
Seroincidence of Recent Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Infections in China▿
Xiao Y, Jiang Y, Feng J, Xu W, Wang M, Funkhouser E, Vermund SH, Jia Y. Seroincidence of Recent Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Infections in China▿. MSphere 2007, 14: 1384-1386. PMID: 17671229, PMCID: PMC2168114, DOI: 10.1128/cvi.00356-06.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsChinaCohort StudiesCross-Sectional StudiesHIV InfectionsHIV-1HumansIncidenceTime Factors
2006
Delayed access to HIV diagnosis and care: Special concerns for the Southern United States
Krawczyk CS, Funkhouser E, Kilby JM, Vermund SH. Delayed access to HIV diagnosis and care: Special concerns for the Southern United States. AIDS Care 2006, 18: 35-44. PMID: 16938673, PMCID: PMC2763374, DOI: 10.1080/09540120600839280.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMillions of Life-Years Saved with Potent Antiretroviral Drugs in the United States: A Celebration, with Challenges
Vermund SH. Millions of Life-Years Saved with Potent Antiretroviral Drugs in the United States: A Celebration, with Challenges. The Journal Of Infectious Diseases 2006, 194: 1-5. PMID: 16741874, DOI: 10.1086/505154.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchFactors Associated with Delayed Initiation of HIV Medical Care Among Infected Persons Attending a Southern HIV/AIDS Clinic
Krawczyk CS, Funkhouser E, Kilby JM, Kaslow RA, Bey AK, Vermund SH. Factors Associated with Delayed Initiation of HIV Medical Care Among Infected Persons Attending a Southern HIV/AIDS Clinic. Southern Medical Journal 2006, 99: 472-481. PMID: 16711309, PMCID: PMC2761649, DOI: 10.1097/01.smj.0000215639.59563.83.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdultAgedAlabamaDelivery of Health CareFemaleHIV InfectionsHumansMaleMiddle AgedTime FactorsConceptsHIV medical careHIV diagnosisHIV/AIDS outpatient clinicMedical careHuman immunodeficiency virus (HIV) diagnosisHIV/AIDS clinicAIDS outpatient clinicMedicaid insurance coverageAIDS clinicMale sexOutpatient clinicDisease progressionDelayed initiationClinical careInfected personsPatientsCareInsurance coverageDiagnosisHIVVirus diagnosisClinicPresentationAIDSProgression
2004
Tolerance and Safety of Different Concentrations of Chlorhexidine for Peripartum Vaginal and Infant Washes: HIVNET 025
Wilson CM, Gray G, Read JS, Mwatha A, Lala S, Johnson S, Violari A, Sibiya PM, Fleming TR, Koonce A, Vermund SH, McIntyre J. Tolerance and Safety of Different Concentrations of Chlorhexidine for Peripartum Vaginal and Infant Washes: HIVNET 025. JAIDS Journal Of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes 2004, 35: 138-143. PMID: 14722445, PMCID: PMC2753236, DOI: 10.1097/00126334-200402010-00006.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsChris Hani Baragwanath HospitalPrevention of motherHIV Type 1Solution of chlorhexidineConcentrations of chlorhexidineChild transmissionBaragwanath HospitalMaternal symptomsPrevention trialsThird trimesterClinical indicationsMaternity unitsSubjective complaintsVaginal areaWash groupType 1ChlorhexidineInfant examinationWomenSustainable interventionsTolerable concentrationInterventionMothersWashDifferent concentrations
2003
Timing of the maternal drug dose and risk of perinatal HIV transmission in the setting of intrapartum and neonatal single-dose nevirapine
Stringer J, Sinkala M, Chapman V, Acosta EP, Aldrovandi GM, Mudenda V, Stout JP, Goldenberg RL, Kumwenda R, Vermund SH. Timing of the maternal drug dose and risk of perinatal HIV transmission in the setting of intrapartum and neonatal single-dose nevirapine. AIDS 2003, 17: 1659-1665. PMID: 12853748, PMCID: PMC2745973, DOI: 10.1097/00002030-200307250-00010.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdolescentAdultBreast FeedingDrug Administration ScheduleFemaleHIV InfectionsHIV SeropositivityHumansInfant, NewbornInfectious Disease Transmission, VerticalLabor, ObstetricNevirapineObstetric Labor ComplicationsPregnancyPregnancy Complications, InfectiousProspective StudiesReverse Transcriptase InhibitorsRisk FactorsTime FactorsConceptsPerinatal HIV transmissionHIV transmissionInfant HIV infection statusNeonatal single-dose nevirapineMaternal drug doseSingle-dose nevirapineHIV infection statusProspective cohort studyPerinatal transmission rateOnset of laborMain outcome measuresMean drug concentrationWeeks of lifeRisk of transmissionNVP levelsNVP prophylaxisNVP syrupObstetrical clinicPerinatal transmissionCohort studyOral doseViral loadPregnant womenPolymerase chain reactionRisk factors
2000
Network-related Mechanisms May Help Explain Long-term HIV-1 Seroprevalence Levels That Remain High but Do Not Approach Population-Group Saturation
Friedman SR, Kottiri BJ, Neaigus A, Curtis R, Vermund SH, Des Jarlais DC. Network-related Mechanisms May Help Explain Long-term HIV-1 Seroprevalence Levels That Remain High but Do Not Approach Population-Group Saturation. American Journal Of Epidemiology 2000, 152: 913-922. PMID: 11092433, DOI: 10.1093/aje/152.10.913.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsDrug injectorsSeroprevalence levelsHIV-1 incidenceHigh-risk subgroupsHuman immunodeficiency virusBehavioral risk reductionHigh prevalence situationsImmunodeficiency virusHigh seroprevalenceSeronegativesPrevention programsRisk behaviorsInfection outbreaksSeroprevalenceInfectious outbreaksMaximum incidenceSecondary outbreaksNetwork-based mechanismsRisk reductionIncidenceOutbreakOutbreak increasesNew York CityPrevalenceYork City
1998
Serum Retinol and HIV-1 RNA Viral Load in Rapid and Slow Progressors
Camp W, Allen S, Alvarez J, Jolly P, Weiss H, Phillips J, Karita E, Serufilira A, Vermund S. Serum Retinol and HIV-1 RNA Viral Load in Rapid and Slow Progressors. JAIDS Journal Of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes 1998, 18: 401-406. PMID: 9704954, DOI: 10.1097/00042560-199808010-00022.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsSerum retinol levelsHIV-1 RNA viral loadLow viral loadLow serum retinol levelsRNA viral loadSlow progressorsRetinol levelsViral loadHIV serologySerum retinolDisease progressionFirst HIV-positive testHigher serum retinol levelsAsymptomatic HIV infectionHigh HIV loadLow serum retinolSerum retinol valuesHIV disease progressionHIV-positive testHigh viral loadThirty HIVHIV loadHIV infectionRapid progressorsSerum vitaminSerum Retinol and HIV-1 RNA Viral Load in Rapid and Slow Progressors
Camp W, Allen S, Alvarez J, Jolly P, Weiss H, Phillips J, Karita E, Serufilira A, Vermund S. Serum Retinol and HIV-1 RNA Viral Load in Rapid and Slow Progressors. JAIDS Journal Of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes 1998, 18: 21-26. PMID: 9593454, DOI: 10.1097/00042560-199805010-00004.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsSerum retinol levelsLow viral loadHIV-1 RNA viral loadLow serum retinol levelsRNA viral loadSlow progressorsRetinol levelsViral loadHIV serologySerum retinolDisease progressionFirst HIV-positive testHigher serum retinol levelsAsymptomatic HIV infectionHigh HIV loadLow serum retinolSerum retinol valuesHIV disease progressionHIV-positive testHigh viral loadThirty HIVHIV loadHIV infectionRapid progressorsSerum vitamin