2022
Mispatterning and interneuron deficit in Tourette Syndrome basal ganglia organoids
Brady M, Mariani J, Koca Y, Szekely A, King R, Bloch M, Landeros-Weisenberger A, Leckman J, Vaccarino F. Mispatterning and interneuron deficit in Tourette Syndrome basal ganglia organoids. Molecular Psychiatry 2022, 27: 5007-5019. PMID: 36447010, PMCID: PMC9949887, DOI: 10.1038/s41380-022-01880-5.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsTourette syndromeInterneuron deficitsGABAergic interneuronsHealthy controlsNeurodevelopmental underpinningsNeuropathological deficitsBG circuitryNeuropsychiatric disordersDecreased differentiationT patientsInterneuronsAltered expressionPotential mechanismsCilia disruptionSonic hedgehogOrganoidsStem cellsTS individualsPluripotent stem cellsGli transcription factorsDeficitsOrganoid differentiationEarly stagesCholinergicPatients
2013
Tourette Syndrome and Tic Disorders
Williams K, Bloch M, State M, Pittenger C. Tourette Syndrome and Tic Disorders. 2013, 1048-1060. DOI: 10.1093/med/9780199934959.003.0079.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchTourette syndromeTic disordersCortico-basal ganglia circuitryImmune-brain interactionPost-mortem findingsSubset of casesFunctional imaging studiesAttention deficit disorderObsessive-compulsive disorderVocal ticsDisorder pathophysiologySevere endImaging studiesDeficit disorderSpecific populationsDisordersSyndromeSensory phenomenaRecent findingsHeterogeneous genetic architecturePathophysiologyInterneuronsEtiologyAbnormalitiesFindings