1986
Rebound Phenomena in Tourette's Syndrome After Abrupt Withdrawal of Clonidine: Behavioral, Cardiovascular, and Neurochemical Effects
Leckman J, Ort S, Caruso K, Anderson G, Riddle M, Cohen D. Rebound Phenomena in Tourette's Syndrome After Abrupt Withdrawal of Clonidine: Behavioral, Cardiovascular, and Neurochemical Effects. JAMA Psychiatry 1986, 43: 1168-1176. PMID: 3465278, DOI: 10.1001/archpsyc.1986.01800120054011.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsTourette syndromeNeurochemical effectsAbrupt withdrawalWorsening of ticsClonidine therapyClonidine withdrawalClonidine's effectivenessAdrenergic mechanismsBlood pressureOpen trialTic symptomsUrinary excretionPlasma levelsMotor restlessnessHomovanillic acidClonidine hydrochlorideSyndromeWithdrawal periodPrewithdrawal levelsRebound phenomenonPatientsPulse rateClonidineWithdrawalNorepinephrine
1983
Acute and Chronic CLonidine Treatment in Tourette's Syndrome A Preliminary Report on Clinical Response and Effect on Plasma and Urinary Catecholamine Metabolites, Growth Hormone, and Blood Pressure
LECKMAN J, DETLOR J, HARCHERIK D, YOUNG J, ANDERSON G, SHAYWITZ B, COHEN D. Acute and Chronic CLonidine Treatment in Tourette's Syndrome A Preliminary Report on Clinical Response and Effect on Plasma and Urinary Catecholamine Metabolites, Growth Hormone, and Blood Pressure. Journal Of The American Academy Of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry 1983, 22: 433-440. PMID: 6579101, DOI: 10.1016/s0002-7138(09)61504-1.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsChronic clonidine treatmentClonidine treatmentTourette syndromeHomovanillic acidHuman growth hormoneClinical responseBlood pressureGrowth hormoneΑ2-adrenergic receptor agonistTreatment of TSUrinary catecholamine metabolitesClinical response dataChronic neuropsychiatric disorderPlacebo-controlled conditionsA Preliminary ReportClonidine therapyOral clonidineNoradrenergic receptorsSingle doseUnknown etiologyFunctional statusReceptor agonistClinical trialsDopaminergic systemTS patients