2010
The use of α-2A adrenergic agonists for the treatment of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder
Arnsten A. The use of α-2A adrenergic agonists for the treatment of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Expert Review Of Neurotherapeutics 2010, 10: 1595-1605. PMID: 20925474, PMCID: PMC3143019, DOI: 10.1586/ern.10.133.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsAttention-deficit/hyperactivity disorderPrefrontal cortexHyperactivity disorderPFC functionPFC gray matterPFC pyramidal cellsPyramidal cell networksDorsolateral prefrontal cortexPFC connectionsReceptors inhibitsPyramidal cellsAdrenergic agonistsDendritic spinesVentromedial prefrontal cortexGray matterRelated disordersBrain regionsNeuropsychiatric disordersPotassium channelsDisordersPatientsRecent dataPhysiological connectionTreatmentExecutive functioning
1999
Local infusion of an α-1 adrenergic agonist into the prefrontal cortex impairs spatial working memory performance in monkeys
Mao Z, Arnsten A, Li B. Local infusion of an α-1 adrenergic agonist into the prefrontal cortex impairs spatial working memory performance in monkeys. Biological Psychiatry 1999, 46: 1259-1265. PMID: 10560031, DOI: 10.1016/s0006-3223(99)00139-0.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsAlpha-2 adrenoceptorsRat prefrontal cortexPrefrontal cortexAlpha-1 adrenoceptor stimulationAlpha-1 adrenergic agonist phenylephrineAlpha-1 adrenoceptorsAdrenergic agonist phenylephrineDorsolateral prefrontal cortexAgonist phenylephrinePhenylephrine infusionAdrenoceptor stimulationLocal infusionAgonist guanfacineAdrenergic agonistsPrefrontal cortex impairsAdrenoceptorsDelayed-response taskInfusionAlpha 1Rat experimentsStimulationMonkeysGuanfacineSWM functionSWM performance
1998
The α-2a noradrenergic agonist, guanfacine, improves delayed response performance in young adult rhesus monkeys
Franowicz JS, Arnsten A. The α-2a noradrenergic agonist, guanfacine, improves delayed response performance in young adult rhesus monkeys. Psychopharmacology 1998, 136: 8-14. PMID: 9537677, DOI: 10.1007/s002130050533.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsYoung adult rhesus monkeysAdult rhesus monkeysHigh dosesDorsolateral prefrontal cortical functionRhesus monkeysDose of idazoxanEffects of guanfacinePrefrontal cortical functionAntagonist idazoxanNoradrenergic agonistsCatecholamine depletionMild sedationAdrenergic agonistsCortical functionDrug effectsAged animalsGuanfacineAdrenergic receptorsLow dosesAged monkeysEffective doseIntact animalsIdazoxanDosesYoung animals
1997
The Alpha-1 Adrenergic Agonist, Cirazoline, Impairs Spatial Working Memory Performance in Aged Monkeys
Arnsten A, Jentsch JD. The Alpha-1 Adrenergic Agonist, Cirazoline, Impairs Spatial Working Memory Performance in Aged Monkeys. Pharmacology Biochemistry And Behavior 1997, 58: 55-59. PMID: 9264070, DOI: 10.1016/s0091-3057(96)00477-7.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsAlpha-1 adrenergic agonistAdrenergic antagonistsAdrenergic agonistsAlpha-1 adrenergic antagonistAlpha-1 adrenergic receptorsAdditional high affinityGood brain penetranceAlpha 2 receptorsAdrenergic receptor stimulationPrefrontal cortical functionSpatial Working Memory PerformanceBrain penetranceImidazoline receptorsCortical functionNonspecific changesCirazolineControl trialMemory performanceReceptor stimulationAdrenergic receptorsLow dosesRhesus monkeysAged monkeysPrefrontal cortexDrug action
1988
The alpha-2 adrenergic agonist guanfacine improves memory in aged monkeys without sedative or hypotensive side effects: evidence for alpha-2 receptor subtypes
Arnsten A, Cai J, Goldman-Rakic P. The alpha-2 adrenergic agonist guanfacine improves memory in aged monkeys without sedative or hypotensive side effects: evidence for alpha-2 receptor subtypes. Journal Of Neuroscience 1988, 8: 4287-4298. PMID: 2903226, PMCID: PMC6569464, DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.08-11-04287.1988.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsAlpha-2 receptor subtypesB-HT920Alpha-2 agonistsReceptor subtypesRank order potencyLow dosesDose-response profilesBlood pressureSide effectsHigh dosesAlpha-2 adrenergic agonistsOrder potencyHypotensive side effectsSedative side effectsSubtypes of receptorsAged nonhuman primatesAged rhesus monkeysMemory-enhancing effectsMemory-impairing effectsClonidine effectAgonist guanfacineClonidineAdrenergic agonistsGuanfacineSedation