2024
Quasi-experimental methods for pharmacoepidemiology: difference-in-differences and synthetic control methods with case studies for vaccine evaluation
Kennedy-Shaffer L. Quasi-experimental methods for pharmacoepidemiology: difference-in-differences and synthetic control methods with case studies for vaccine evaluation. American Journal Of Epidemiology 2024, 193: 1050-1058. PMID: 38456774, PMCID: PMC11228849, DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwae019.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsSynthetic control methodDifference-in-differencesHealth policyCase studyAverage treatment effectQuasi-experimental methodPolicyQuasi-experimental designWeight assumptionPopulation-level effectsTime trendsStudy designSources of evidenceConfounding factorsEvaluation studiesPharmacoepidemiologyTarget estimandAbsence of contamination
2021
Prevention of host-to-host transmission by SARS-CoV-2 vaccines
Mostaghimi D, Valdez CN, Larson HT, Kalinich CC, Iwasaki A. Prevention of host-to-host transmission by SARS-CoV-2 vaccines. The Lancet Infectious Diseases 2021, 22: e52-e58. PMID: 34534512, PMCID: PMC8439617, DOI: 10.1016/s1473-3099(21)00472-2.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsSARS-CoV-2SARS-CoV-2 vaccinesSymptomatic COVID-19Population-level dataVaccine's abilityIntramuscular vaccineImmunological mechanismsVaccine strategiesVaccine capacityPrimary infectionNatural courseClinical trialsObservational studyRespiratory epitheliumReal-world settingViral titresViral replicationVaccineVaccine distributionInfectionCOVID-19Host transmissionTrialsPopulation-level effectsMucosaSample size and power considerations for cluster randomized trials with count outcomes subject to right truncation
Li F, Tong G. Sample size and power considerations for cluster randomized trials with count outcomes subject to right truncation. Biometrical Journal 2021, 63: 1052-1071. PMID: 33751620, PMCID: PMC9132617, DOI: 10.1002/bimj.202000230.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsCluster randomized trialPrimary outcomeGroup-based interventionRandomized trialsHealth StudySuch trialsPublic health studiesRight truncationTrialsOutcomesVector-borne diseasesCountSample size formulaAnalysis of CRTsPower calculationPopulation-level effectsSample sizeSize formulaClosed-form sample size formulaMarginal modeling approachMalariaDisease
2015
How could preventive therapy affect the prevalence of drug resistance? Causes and consequences
Kunkel A, Colijn C, Lipsitch M, Cohen T. How could preventive therapy affect the prevalence of drug resistance? Causes and consequences. Philosophical Transactions Of The Royal Society B Biological Sciences 2015, 370: 20140306. PMID: 25918446, PMCID: PMC4424438, DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2014.0306.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsPreventative therapyDrug resistanceDrug-sensitive pathogensProphylactic antimicrobial therapyLong-term prevalenceSmall pilot studyActive diseaseOverall prevalenceAntimicrobial therapyPrevalencePilot studyTherapyPopulation-level changesPotential population-level effectsDirect effectLevel of coveragePopulation-level effectsHIVTuberculosisMalariaDiseaseCare
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