Immunohistochemical and Genetic Analysis of Non–Small Cell and Small Cell Gallbladder Carcinoma and Their Precursor Lesions
Parwani A, Geradts J, Caspers E, Offerhaus G, Yeo C, Cameron J, Klimstra D, Maitra A, Hruban R, Argani P. Immunohistochemical and Genetic Analysis of Non–Small Cell and Small Cell Gallbladder Carcinoma and Their Precursor Lesions. Modern Pathology 2003, 16: 299-308. PMID: 12692194, DOI: 10.1097/01.mp.0000062656.60581.aa.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdultAgedBiomarkers, TumorCarcinomaCyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p16Disease ProgressionDNA, NeoplasmDNA-Binding ProteinsFemaleGallbladder DiseasesGallbladder NeoplasmsGene Expression Regulation, NeoplasticGenes, rasHumansImmunohistochemistryMaleMiddle AgedMutationPolymerase Chain ReactionPrecancerous ConditionsSmad4 ProteinTrans-ActivatorsTumor Suppressor Protein p53ConceptsK-ras mutationsActivating K-ras mutationsSmall cell carcinomaGallbladder carcinomaLevels of p53Cell carcinomaP16 expressionPRb expressionLoss of Dpc4 expressionLoss of p16 expressionPRb tumor suppressor genesK-ras oncogene mutationsLoss of DPC4Loss of pRb expressionCarcinoma in situNon-small cellInactivation of p16Tumor suppressor geneIn situ componentInvasive gallbladder carcinomaMinority of casesDPC4 inactivationDpc4 expressionInvasive componentGenetic analysis
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