2023
Community health workers can be trained to identify patients eligible for tuberculosis preventive therapy, but encounter barriers to programme implementation in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
Norton S, Moll A, Madi J, Nkomo N, Brooks R, Andrews L, Shenoi S. Community health workers can be trained to identify patients eligible for tuberculosis preventive therapy, but encounter barriers to programme implementation in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. African Journal Of AIDS Research 2023, 22: 131-135. PMID: 37337826, DOI: 10.2989/16085906.2023.2213213.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsTuberculosis preventive therapyCommunity health workersLargest HIV epidemicCause of deathNon-communicable diseasesHealth workersPreventive therapyRural resource-limited settingsHigh TB incidence ratesFurther implementation researchTB incidence rateRate of referralResource-limited settingsMedian ageTreatment initiationHIV epidemicIncidence rateRural South AfricaHIVInfectious diseasesTuberculosisImplementation researchScreening resultsDiseasePatientsScaling up evidence-based approaches to tuberculosis screening in prisons
Charalambous S, Velen K, Rueda Z, Croda J, Herce M, Shenoi S, Altice F, Muyoyeta M, Telisinghe L, Grandjean L, Keshavjee S, Andrews J. Scaling up evidence-based approaches to tuberculosis screening in prisons. The Lancet Public Health 2023, 8: e305-e310. PMID: 36780916, DOI: 10.1016/s2468-2667(23)00002-6.Commentaries, Editorials and LettersConceptsIncidence of tuberculosisCase-finding strategyHigh tuberculosis burdenMinistry of HealthEvidence-based approachTuberculosis burdenTreatment cascadeTuberculosis screeningTuberculosis notificationsTuberculosis diagnosisGeneral populationCare programDiagnostic strategiesTuberculosisEvidence baseSystematic screeningHigh rateIncidenceScreeningSetting
2021
Alcohol Use and the Risk of Communicable Diseases
Morojele NK, Shenoi SV, Shuper PA, Braithwaite RS, Rehm J. Alcohol Use and the Risk of Communicable Diseases. Nutrients 2021, 13: 3317. PMID: 34684318, PMCID: PMC8540096, DOI: 10.3390/nu13103317.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsCommunicable diseasesTreatment outcomesSevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2Respiratory infection/pneumoniaAcute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2Respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2Alcohol useDisability-adjusted life yearsSyndrome coronavirus 2Poor treatment outcomesCOVID-19 infectionAlcohol use disorderGlobal health concernIndividual-level interventionsDifferent communicable diseasesTB deathsImmunodeficiency virusCoronavirus 2Severe illnessUse disordersPneumoniaHeavy drinkersLife yearsHIV researchTuberculosis
2019
1883. Factors Associated with Stigma Toward Isoniazid-Preventative Therapy in a Rural Community of South Africa
Palacios C, Kompala T, Moll A, Andrews L, Shenoi S. 1883. Factors Associated with Stigma Toward Isoniazid-Preventative Therapy in a Rural Community of South Africa. Open Forum Infectious Diseases 2019, 6: s51-s52. PMCID: PMC6808667, DOI: 10.1093/ofid/ofz359.113.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchIsoniazid preventative therapyTB knowledgePresence of stigmaMarital statusPrevention of tuberculosisMultivariable linear regressionRural KwaZulu-Natal ProvinceChi-square testIPT implementationTB screeningTB transmissionHigher knowledge levelMean ageTB scoreHIV stigmaKruskal-Wallis testKnowledge scoreTuberculosisPoor knowledgeLinear regressionHIVMean scoreTotal knowledgeTherapyTreatmentOpportunities for community health workers to contribute to global efforts to end tuberculosis
Sinha P, Shenoi SV, Friedland GH. Opportunities for community health workers to contribute to global efforts to end tuberculosis. Global Public Health 2019, 15: 474-484. PMID: 31516079, PMCID: PMC7028491, DOI: 10.1080/17441692.2019.1663361.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchLow expression Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor (MIF) alleles and tuberculosis in HIV infected South Africans
Reid D, Shenoi S, Singh R, Wang M, Patel V, Das R, Hiramen K, Moosa Y, Eksteen F, Moll AP, Ndung'u T, Kasprowicz V, Leng L, Friedland GH, Bucala R. Low expression Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor (MIF) alleles and tuberculosis in HIV infected South Africans. Cytokine X 2019, 1: 100004. PMID: 33604547, PMCID: PMC7885893, DOI: 10.1016/j.cytox.2019.100004.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMacrophage migration inhibitory factorHigh prevalenceCytokine macrophage migration inhibitory factorLow expressionLaboratory-confirmed tuberculosisLow CD4 cellsTB disease casesHIV-positive cohortMigration inhibitory factorPromoter variantsHIV immunosuppressionMIF levelsActive tuberculosisCD4 cellsHIV infectionTB statusClinical informationHost immunityHIVDisease casesInhibitory factorTuberculosisFunctional polymorphismsC SNPGreater frequency
2018
Synergism between diabetes and human immunodeficiency virus in increasing the risk of tuberculosis
Sinha P, Moll AP, Brooks RP, Deng YH, Shenoi SV. Synergism between diabetes and human immunodeficiency virus in increasing the risk of tuberculosis. The International Journal Of Tuberculosis And Lung Disease 2018, 22: 793-799. PMID: 29914606, PMCID: PMC6050202, DOI: 10.5588/ijtld.17.0936.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsRisk of tuberculosisDiabetes mellitusTB symptomsOdds ratioHuman immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infectionImmunodeficiency virus infectionHuman immunodeficiency virusCommunity health screeningCross-sectional studyCommunity health projectsActive tuberculosisHIV infectionHIV positivityPrimary outcomeImmunodeficiency virusScreening servicesHealth screeningCongregate settingsVirus infectionResource-limited regionsMultiplicative scaleHIVMultivariate analysisRetrospective dataTuberculosis
2016
Diagnostics for pulmonary tuberculosis
Cudahy P, Shenoi SV. Diagnostics for pulmonary tuberculosis. Postgraduate Medical Journal 2016, 92: 187-193. PMID: 27005271, PMCID: PMC4854647, DOI: 10.1136/postgradmedj-2015-133278.Peer-Reviewed Reviews, Practice Guidelines, Standards, and Consensus Statements
2014
Disseminated tuberculosis manifesting as cholestasis in a patient with AIDS: a presentation to remember
Lee TM, Shenoi SV, Ogbuagu O. Disseminated tuberculosis manifesting as cholestasis in a patient with AIDS: a presentation to remember. BMJ Case Reports 2014, 2014: bcr2013201824. PMID: 24567181, PMCID: PMC3939406, DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2013-201824.Peer-Reviewed Case Reports and Technical NotesConceptsDisseminated tuberculosisCT scanChronic untreated HIV infectionSubsequent CT scanUntreated HIV infectionGeneXpert PCRMiliary infiltratesUnremarkable workupInduced sputumPersistent feverCholestatic jaundiceHIV infectionInfectious etiologyLiver diseasePleural effusionUnusual presentationTuberculosisCholestasisMycobacterium tuberculosisWeight lossJaundicePatientsIndian descentAIDSPresentation
2013
‘Cough officer’ nurses in a general medical clinic successfully detect drug-susceptible and -resistant tuberculosis
Shenoi SV, Brooks RP, Catterick K, Moll AP, Friedland GH. ‘Cough officer’ nurses in a general medical clinic successfully detect drug-susceptible and -resistant tuberculosis. Public Health Action 2013, 3: 46-50. PMID: 25392815, PMCID: PMC4226409, DOI: 10.5588/pha.12.0056.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchGeneral medical clinicDrug-resistant tuberculosisMedical clinicsClinic attendeesTB suspectsHuman immunodeficiency virus (HIV) patientsHigh HIV prevalence settingsZiehl-NeelsenProportion of patientsHIV prevalence settingsCulture-positive casesResource-limited settingsWorld Health OrganizationTB screeningVirus patientsHigh HIVResistant tuberculosisPatient populationTB prevalencePrevalence settingsReferral laboratoryTuberculosisDrug resistancePatientsClinic
2012
Survival from XDR-TB Is Associated with Modifiable Clinical Characteristics in Rural South Africa
Shenoi SV, Brooks RP, Barbour R, Altice FL, Zelterman D, Moll AP, Master I, van der Merwe TL, Friedland GH. Survival from XDR-TB Is Associated with Modifiable Clinical Characteristics in Rural South Africa. PLOS ONE 2012, 7: e31786. PMID: 22412840, PMCID: PMC3295798, DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0031786.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsXDR-TB patientsDrug-resistant tuberculosisRetrospective case-control studyXDR-TB casesCommunity-based hospitalCase-control studyGlobal public healthHIV coinfectionMicrobiological correlatesModifiable factorsAvailable interventionsRural South AfricaControl studyPatientsTuberculosisPublic healthSurvivorsSurvivalDaysHospitalMortality
2010
Transmission of Drug-Susceptible and Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis and the Critical Importance of Airborne Infection Control in the Era of HIV Infection and Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy Rollouts
Shenoi SV, Escombe AR, Friedland G. Transmission of Drug-Susceptible and Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis and the Critical Importance of Airborne Infection Control in the Era of HIV Infection and Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy Rollouts. Clinical Infectious Diseases 2010, 50: s231-s237. PMID: 20397953, PMCID: PMC3029014, DOI: 10.1086/651496.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsInfection control strategiesResource-limited settingsHIV infectionInfection controlActive antiretroviral therapy rolloutHuman immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infectionAntiretroviral therapy rolloutTransmission of drugDrug-resistant TBImmunodeficiency virus infectionDrug-resistant tuberculosisHealth care workersAirborne infection controlNosocomial transmissionTuberculosis careVirus infectionCare workersInfectionCurrent outbreakHigh rateTBPotential benefitsMorbidityHIVTuberculosis
2009
Multidrug-resistant and extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis: consequences for the global HIV community
Shenoi S, Heysell S, Moll A, Friedland G. Multidrug-resistant and extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis: consequences for the global HIV community. Current Opinion In Infectious Diseases 2009, 22: 11-17. PMID: 19532076, PMCID: PMC3013226, DOI: 10.1097/qco.0b013e3283210020.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsDrug-resistant tuberculosisHIV patientsHIV communityIntegration of tuberculosisIndependent risk factorCourse of treatmentCommunity-based treatmentHIV careNew rapid diagnosticsRisk factorsClinical careNegative individualsTuberculosisPatientsMultidrugRapid diagnosticsCareTreatmentSusceptibility informationMorbidityHIVInfectionMortalityPhysiciansExtensively Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis: A New Face to an Old Pathogen
Shenoi S, Friedland G. Extensively Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis: A New Face to an Old Pathogen. Annual Review Of Medicine 2009, 60: 307-320. PMID: 19630575, PMCID: PMC3013225, DOI: 10.1146/annurev.med.60.053107.103955.Peer-Reviewed Original Research