2014
Improved survival in multidrug-resistant tuberculosis patients receiving integrated tuberculosis and antiretroviral treatment in the SAPiT Trial
Padayatchi N, Abdool Karim SS, Naidoo K, Grobler A, Friedland G. Improved survival in multidrug-resistant tuberculosis patients receiving integrated tuberculosis and antiretroviral treatment in the SAPiT Trial. The International Journal Of Tuberculosis And Lung Disease 2014, 18: 147-154. PMID: 24429305, PMCID: PMC4770013, DOI: 10.5588/ijtld.13.0627.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsMultidrug-resistant tuberculosisMDR-TB patientsSequential treatment armAnti-tuberculosis treatmentAntiretroviral treatmentTreatment armsFirst-line anti-tuberculosis treatmentMultidrug-resistant tuberculosis patientsHuman immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infectionImmunodeficiency virus infectionOut-patient clinicDrug susceptibility resultsSAPiT trialTuberculosis patientsClinical outcomesEarly initiationTherapeutic effectVirus infectionMortality ratePatientsTherapeutic outcomesSmall sample sizeTreatmentSusceptibility resultsTuberculosis
2013
A Pilot Study of an mHealth Application for Healthcare Workers: Poor Uptake Despite High Reported Acceptability at a Rural South African Community-Based MDR-TB Treatment Program
Chaiyachati KH, Loveday M, Lorenz S, Lesh N, Larkan LM, Cinti S, Friedland GH, Haberer JE. A Pilot Study of an mHealth Application for Healthcare Workers: Poor Uptake Despite High Reported Acceptability at a Rural South African Community-Based MDR-TB Treatment Program. PLOS ONE 2013, 8: e64662. PMID: 23724075, PMCID: PMC3665589, DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0064662.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsAdverse event formsMDR-TB patientsMDR-TB therapyHealthcare workersMobile healthcare workersMDR-TB treatment programmeMultidrug-resistant tuberculosis epidemicPoor uptakeAdverse clinical eventsResource-poor settingsRural South African communityEvent formsMixed-methods evaluationClinical eventsSpecialty centersCommunity hospitalHCWs' perceptionsTuberculosis epidemicOwn careIntensive phaseHealth professionalsHealth interventionsPoor settingsTreatment programQualitative focus groupsAdverse Events in an Integrated Home-Based Treatment Program for MDR-TB and HIV in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
Brust JC, Shah NS, van der Merwe TL, Bamber S, Ning Y, Heo M, Moll AP, Loveday M, Lalloo UG, Friedland GH, Gandhi NR. Adverse Events in an Integrated Home-Based Treatment Program for MDR-TB and HIV in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. JAIDS Journal Of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes 2013, 62: 436-440. PMID: 23254152, PMCID: PMC3641171, DOI: 10.1097/qai.0b013e31828175ed.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsMultidrug-resistant tuberculosisAdverse eventsAntiretroviral therapyCommon severe adverse eventsMDR-TB/HIVTreatment programConcurrent antiretroviral therapyMDR-TB patientsMDR-TB therapySevere adverse eventsHome-based treatment programHome-based care settingsRural KwaZulu-NatalMost patientsTherapy modificationConcurrent treatmentCare settingsHIVPatientsTherapyKwaZulu-NatalIntegrated HomeTolerabilityHypothyroidismTuberculosis
2012
Risk factors for mortality among MDR- and XDR-TB patients in a high HIV prevalence setting
Gandhi N, Andrews J, Brust J, Montreuil R, Weissman D, Heo M, Moll A, Friedland G, Shah N. Risk factors for mortality among MDR- and XDR-TB patients in a high HIV prevalence setting. The International Journal Of Tuberculosis And Lung Disease 2012, 16: 90-97. PMID: 22236852, PMCID: PMC3302205, DOI: 10.5588/ijtld.11.0153.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdultAIDS-Related Opportunistic InfectionsAnti-Retroviral AgentsAntitubercular AgentsCD4 Lymphocyte CountCoinfectionDrug Resistance, Multiple, BacterialExtensively Drug-Resistant TuberculosisFemaleHIV InfectionsHumansMaleMarkov ChainsMonte Carlo MethodPrevalencePrognosisProportional Hazards ModelsRetrospective StudiesRisk AssessmentRisk FactorsSouth AfricaSurvival AnalysisTime FactorsTuberculosis, Multidrug-ResistantTuberculosis, PulmonaryConceptsHuman immunodeficiency virusXDR-TB patientsRisk factorsAntiretroviral therapyXDR-TBDrug-resistant (XDR) TBImmunosuppressed human immunodeficiency virusStrong independent risk factorHigh HIV prevalence settingsMDR-TB patientsTB treatment programsIndependent risk factorYear of diagnosisDrug-resistant tuberculosisHIV prevalence settingsCells/Principal risk factorsCase-control studyAmplification of resistanceHigh mortality rateART initiationHIV testingImmunodeficiency virusPrevalence settingsMortality rate
2011
Spread of Extensively Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis in KwaZulu-Natal Province, South Africa
Moodley P, Shah NS, Tayob N, Connolly C, Zetola N, Gandhi N, Friedland G, Sturm AW. Spread of Extensively Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis in KwaZulu-Natal Province, South Africa. PLOS ONE 2011, 6: e17513. PMID: 21655324, PMCID: PMC3104985, DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0017513.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsMDR-TB casesDrug-resistant tuberculosisXDR-TB casesXDR-TBDrug susceptibility test resultsExtensively Drug-Resistant TuberculosisMDR tuberculosis casesMDR-TB patientsXDR-TB patientsCulture-confirmed casesProvincial referral hospitalCross-sectional studyKwaZulu-Natal ProvinceSource of infectionTB casesNumber of hospitalsReferral hospitalSputum cultureTuberculosis casesScotland hospitalsPatientsHealthcare districtsHospitalClinical diagnosisLaboratory databaseCulture Conversion Among HIV Co-Infected Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis Patients in Tugela Ferry, South Africa
Brust JC, Lygizos M, Chaiyachati K, Scott M, van der Merwe TL, Moll AP, Li X, Loveday M, Bamber SA, Lalloo UG, Friedland GH, Shah NS, Gandhi NR. Culture Conversion Among HIV Co-Infected Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis Patients in Tugela Ferry, South Africa. PLOS ONE 2011, 6: e15841. PMID: 21253585, PMCID: PMC3017058, DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0015841.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsMDR-TB patientsCulture conversion rateMDR-TB treatmentMonths of therapyAntiretroviral therapyHIV-coCulture conversionHIV co-infected patientsMultidrug-resistant tuberculosis patientsTiming of ARTMDR-TB therapyCo-infected patientsHIV-negative patientsSecond-line regimenSimilar cure ratesDays of initiationResource-limited settingsHIV prevalentART medicationsCD4 countMDR-TBTuberculosis patientsSputum cultureSuch patientsHIV status
2010
Predictors of Multidrug- and Extensively Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis in a High HIV Prevalence Community
Andrews JR, Shah NS, Weissman D, Moll AP, Friedland G, Gandhi NR. Predictors of Multidrug- and Extensively Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis in a High HIV Prevalence Community. PLOS ONE 2010, 5: e15735. PMID: 21209951, PMCID: PMC3012092, DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0015735.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsDrug-resistant tuberculosisTB treatment failureXDR-TBHIV prevalence settingsRisk factorsTreatment failureOdds ratioMDR/XDR-TBOnly significant risk factorRetrospective case-control studyDrug resistanceMDR-TB patientsSignificant risk factorsStrong risk factorMultivariate logistic regressionTB drug resistanceCase-control studyHigh HIV prevalence communitiesDemographic risk factorsDrug susceptibility testing methodsHIV prevalence communitiesTB settingsClinical deteriorationMDR-TBTB treatment