2006
Extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis as a cause of death in patients co-infected with tuberculosis and HIV in a rural area of South Africa
Gandhi NR, Moll A, Sturm AW, Pawinski R, Govender T, Lalloo U, Zeller K, Andrews J, Friedland G. Extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis as a cause of death in patients co-infected with tuberculosis and HIV in a rural area of South Africa. The Lancet 2006, 368: 1575-1580. PMID: 17084757, DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(06)69573-1.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsDrug-resistant tuberculosisCo-infected patientsXDR tuberculosisMDR tuberculosisHIV co-infected patientsCulture-confirmed tuberculosisRecent hospital admissionTime of diagnosisSecond-line drugsDrug susceptibility testingCause of deathDate of deathHigh mortality rateAntiretroviral therapyMedian survivalHospital admissionSputum cultureHIV-1PatientsMortality rateHigh mortalityUrgent interventionTreatment programTuberculosisSusceptibility testing
2004
Therapeutic Response of HIV-1 Subtype C in African Patients Coinfected with either Mycobacterium tuberculosis or Human Herpesvirus-8
Cassol E, Page T, Mosam A, Friedland G, Jack C, Lalloo U, Kopetka J, Patterson B, Esterhuizen T, Coovadia HM. Therapeutic Response of HIV-1 Subtype C in African Patients Coinfected with either Mycobacterium tuberculosis or Human Herpesvirus-8. The Journal Of Infectious Diseases 2004, 191: 324-332. PMID: 15633090, DOI: 10.1086/427337.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdolescentAdultAIDS-Related Opportunistic InfectionsAnti-HIV AgentsCD4 Lymphocyte CountDrug Therapy, CombinationFemaleHerpesvirus 8, HumanHIV InfectionsHIV-1HumansMaleMiddle AgedMycobacterium tuberculosisReverse Transcriptase InhibitorsRNA, ViralSarcoma, KaposiTreatment OutcomeTuberculosis, PulmonaryViral LoadConceptsKaposi's sarcomaHIV-1Opportunistic infectionsViral loadAfrican patientsUndetectable HIV-1 RNA levelsCell countHIV-1 RNA levelsPlasma HIV-1 levelsHuman immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infectionHIV-1 subtype CKaplan-Meier survival analysisMycobacterium tuberculosisHIV-1 levelsImmunodeficiency virus infectionProportion of patientsTarget cell availabilityHuman herpesvirus 8Immune activationTreatment regimensSubtype CTherapeutic responseTreatment outcomesVirus infectionHerpesvirus 8
1999
Efficacy and Safety of Delavirdine Mesylate With Zidovudine and Didanosine Compared With Two-Drug Combinations of These Agents in Persons With HIV Disease With CD4 Counts of 100 to 500 cells/mm3 (ACTG 261)
Friedland G, Pollard R, Griffith B, Hughes M, Morse G, Bassett R, Freimuth W, Demeter L, Connick E, Nevin T, Hirsch M, Fischl M. Efficacy and Safety of Delavirdine Mesylate With Zidovudine and Didanosine Compared With Two-Drug Combinations of These Agents in Persons With HIV Disease With CD4 Counts of 100 to 500 cells/mm3 (ACTG 261). JAIDS Journal Of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes 1999, 21: 281-292. PMID: 10428106, DOI: 10.1097/00126334-199908010-00005.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsCells/mm3CD4 cell countTwo-drug combinationsCell countHIV-1 RNA changesHIV-1 RNA levelsMonths of monotherapyThree-drug regimenTwo-drug armTwo-drug regimensGastrointestinal side effectsThree-drug combinationDelavirdine mesylateNon-nucleoside reverseCD4 countCD4 cellsHIV diseaseKey efficacyMulticenter trialCopies/Antiretroviral activityHIV-1Side effectsDidanosineZidovudineStavudine Resistance: An Update on Susceptibility following Prolonged Therapy
Lin P, González C, Griffith B, Friedland G, Calvez V, Ferchal F, Schinazi R, Shepp D, Ashraf A, Wainberg M, Soriano V, Mellors J, Colonno R. Stavudine Resistance: An Update on Susceptibility following Prolonged Therapy. Antiviral Therapy 1999, 4: 21-28. PMID: 10682125, DOI: 10.1177/135965359900400103.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsPost-treatment isolatesStavudine resistanceStavudine therapyFirst-line combination therapyAmino acid changesUse of stavudineMonths of treatmentClinical HIV-1HIV-1 strainsNucleoside analoguesAcid changesProlonged therapyHIV patientsConsistent amino acid changesCombination therapyMulti-resistant phenotypeHIV-1Lower incidenceReverse transcriptase geneClinical isolatesTherapyDrug sensitivityPatientsTranscriptase geneCurrent report