2023
Adiponectin in the mammalian host influences ticks’ acquisition of the Lyme disease pathogen Borrelia
Tang X, Cao Y, Booth C, Arora G, Cui Y, Matias J, Fikrig E. Adiponectin in the mammalian host influences ticks’ acquisition of the Lyme disease pathogen Borrelia. PLOS Biology 2023, 21: e3002331. PMID: 37862360, PMCID: PMC10619873, DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3002331.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdiponectinAnimalsBorrelia burgdorferi GroupHumansIxodesLyme DiseaseMammalsMiceTick BitesConceptsAdipocyte-derived hormoneBite siteAdiponectin-deficient miceInfiltration of neutrophilsTick bite sitePro-inflammatory responseWild-type animalsIxodes scapularis ticksIL-1βVascular leakageHistamine releaseTick biteAdiponectinInfectious diseasesLyme disease agentBlood feeding arthropodsBorrelia burgdorferiScapularis ticksAnimal infectious diseasesBlood feedingB. burgdorferi survivalHuman bloodHormonePathogen acquisitionMammalian hosts
2010
Infectivity of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato is unaltered in C3-deficient mice
van Burgel ND, Balmus NC, Fikrig E, van Dam AP. Infectivity of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato is unaltered in C3-deficient mice. Ticks And Tick-borne Diseases 2010, 2: 20-26. PMID: 21771533, DOI: 10.1016/j.ttbdis.2010.10.003.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsWT miceAbsence of C3B. burgdorferiB. afzeliiQuantitative PCRDifferent Borrelia speciesC3 knockout miceC3-deficient miceComplement-deficient miceWild-type miceB. afzelii infectionBorrelia burgdorferi sensu latoHuman complementInflammation scoreBurgdorferi sensu latoB. bavariensisAfzelii infectionBorrelia speciesKnockout miceMiceHeart tissueWeeksB. gariniiBurgdorferiSignificant differences
2008
The Tick Salivary Protein Salp15 Inhibits the Killing of Serum-Sensitive Borrelia burgdorferi Sensu Lato Isolates
Schuijt TJ, Hovius JW, van Burgel ND, Ramamoorthi N, Fikrig E, van Dam AP. The Tick Salivary Protein Salp15 Inhibits the Killing of Serum-Sensitive Borrelia burgdorferi Sensu Lato Isolates. Infection And Immunity 2008, 76: 2888-2894. PMID: 18426890, PMCID: PMC2446733, DOI: 10.1128/iai.00232-08.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAnimalsBlood Bactericidal ActivityBorrelia burgdorferi GroupCell MembraneComplement ActivationComplement Membrane Attack ComplexHumansIxodesSalivary Proteins and PeptidesConceptsComplement-mediated killingBurgdorferi-specific antibodiesBorrelia burgdorferiStrong protective effectSerum-sensitive isolatesNormal human serumBorrelia burgdorferi sensu latoBurgdorferi sensu latoProtective effectMembrane attack complexTick salivaLyme diseaseBorrelia burgdorferi sensu lato isolatesComplement complexI. scapularis Salp15B. burgdorferiSalp15Attack complexBurgdorferiHuman serumKillingSpirochetesIxodes scapularisIsolatesTicks
2006
Coinfection with Borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto and Borrelia garinii alters the course of murine Lyme borreliosis
Hovius JW, Li X, Ramamoorthi N, Van Dam AP, Barthold SW, Van Der Poll T, Speelman P, Fikrig E. Coinfection with Borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto and Borrelia garinii alters the course of murine Lyme borreliosis. Pathogens And Disease 2006, 49: 224-234. PMID: 17328756, DOI: 10.1111/j.1574-695x.2006.00177.x.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsMurine Lyme borreliosisB. burgdorferi sensu strictoBurgdorferi sensu strictoLyme borreliosisBorrelia burgdorferi sensu strictoEffect of coinfectionCoinfected miceBorrelia speciesSimultaneous infectionMiceCoinfectionBorreliosisB. gariniiBorrelia gariniiReservoir hostsGariniiI. ricinus populationsSpirochetesHigher numberArthritisPreferential maintenanceInfectionPrevalenceSpirochetemia
2003
An open-label, nonrandomized, single-center, prospective extension, clinical trial of booster dose schedules to assess the safety profile and immunogenicity of recombinant outer-surface protein A (OspA) Lyme disease vaccine
Schoen RT, Deshefy-Longhi T, Van-Hoecke C, Buscarino C, Fikrig E. An open-label, nonrandomized, single-center, prospective extension, clinical trial of booster dose schedules to assess the safety profile and immunogenicity of recombinant outer-surface protein A (OspA) Lyme disease vaccine. Clinical Therapeutics 2003, 25: 210-224. PMID: 12637121, DOI: 10.1016/s0149-2918(03)90027-0.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsLyme disease vaccineFirst booster doseSecond booster doseBooster doseAdverse eventsBooster dosesPrimary seriesMonth 24Disease vaccineClinical trialsEfficacy trialsImmune responseIncidence of AEsPattern of AEsLyme diseaseMost adverse eventsGeometric mean titersTotal IgG antibodiesProportion of subjectsPositive test resultsSeroprotective levelsBooster vaccinationMonth 36Third vaccinationDiary cards
2001
Reactivity of dog sera to whole-cell or recombinant antigens of Borrelia burgdorferi by ELISA and immunoblot analysis
Magnarelli LA, Levy SA, Ijdo JW, Wu C, Padula SJ, Fikrig E. Reactivity of dog sera to whole-cell or recombinant antigens of Borrelia burgdorferi by ELISA and immunoblot analysis. Journal Of Medical Microbiology 2001, 50: 889-895. PMID: 11599738, DOI: 10.1099/0022-1317-50-10-889.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsEnzyme-linked immunosorbent assayWhole cell antigenRecombinant antigensB. burgdorferiNon-vaccinated dogsPolyvalent enzyme-linked immunosorbent assaysCanine borreliosisTick-infested areasTotal immunoglobulinWhole-cell B. burgdorferiAntibody titresBorrelia burgdorferi sensu strictoVaccinated dogsJoint disordersImmune responseBurgdorferi sensu strictoAntigenImmunosorbent assaySerumDogsNatural infectionCoinfection with Borrelia burgdorferi and the Agent of Human Granulocytic Ehrlichiosis
De Martino S, Carlyon J, Fikrig E. Coinfection with Borrelia burgdorferi and the Agent of Human Granulocytic Ehrlichiosis. New England Journal Of Medicine 2001, 345: 150-151. PMID: 11450674, DOI: 10.1056/nejm200107123450218.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchInhibition of Borrelia burgdorferi-Tick Interactions In Vivo by Outer Surface Protein A Antibody
Pal U, Montgomery R, Lusitani D, Voet P, Weynants V, Malawista S, Lobet Y, Fikrig E. Inhibition of Borrelia burgdorferi-Tick Interactions In Vivo by Outer Surface Protein A Antibody. The Journal Of Immunology 2001, 166: 7398-7403. PMID: 11390491, DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.166.12.7398.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAnimalsAnti-Bacterial AgentsAntibodies, BacterialAntibodies, MonoclonalAntigens, SurfaceBacterial Outer Membrane ProteinsBacterial VaccinesBinding Sites, AntibodyBorrelia burgdorferi GroupDigestive SystemEpitopesFemaleImmune SeraInjections, IntraperitonealInjections, SubcutaneousIxodesLipoproteinsLyme DiseaseLyme Disease VaccinesMiceMice, SCIDMutationProtein Structure, TertiaryRecombinant ProteinsConceptsB. burgdorferi sensu strictoBurgdorferi sensu strictoB. burgdorferi N40Treatment of miceOuter Surface ProteinsB. burgdorferi sensu lato genospeciesSurface protein AOuter surface protein ASCID miceMurine modelB. burgdorferi attachmentLyme diseaseMiceB. burgdorferiBorrelia afzeliiB. afzeliiTick gutBorrelia gariniiOspAVivoAdherenceAntiserumPresent studySurface proteinsGutDissociation of Infectivity and Pathogenicity inBorrelia burgdorferi
Thomas V, Anguita J, Samanta S, Rosa P, Stewart P, Barthold S, Fikrig E. Dissociation of Infectivity and Pathogenicity inBorrelia burgdorferi. Infection And Immunity 2001, 69: 3507-3509. PMID: 11292785, PMCID: PMC98321, DOI: 10.1128/iai.69.5.3507-3509.2001.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAnimalsBorrelia burgdorferi GroupDisease Models, AnimalLyme DiseaseMiceMice, Inbred C3HPlasmids
2000
Serologic confirmation of Ehrlichia equi and Borrelia burgdorferi infections in horses from the northeastern United States.
Magnarelli LA, Ijdo JW, Van Andel AE, Wu C, Padula SJ, Fikrig E. Serologic confirmation of Ehrlichia equi and Borrelia burgdorferi infections in horses from the northeastern United States. Journal Of The American Veterinary Medical Association 2000, 217: 1045-50. PMID: 11019714, DOI: 10.2460/javma.2000.217.1045.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsB burgdorferiClinical signsGranulocytic ehrlichiosisSerum samplesDetectable serum antibodiesImmunoblot analysisIndirect fluorescent antibody stainingBorrelial antibodiesTick-infested areasRecombinant protein antigensProspective studyDetectable antibodiesSerum antibodiesSerologic confirmationFluorescent antibody stainingE equiAntibody reactivityClinical relevanceEtiologic agentClinical diagnosisEqui antibodiesProtein antigensEhrlichia equiELISAAntibodiesAttachment of Borrelia burgdorferi within Ixodes scapularis mediated by outer surface protein A
Pal U, de Silva A, Montgomery R, Fish D, Anguita J, Anderson J, Lobet Y, Fikrig E. Attachment of Borrelia burgdorferi within Ixodes scapularis mediated by outer surface protein A. Journal Of Clinical Investigation 2000, 106: 561-569. PMID: 10953031, PMCID: PMC380253, DOI: 10.1172/jci9427.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchArthropod- and Host-Specific Borrelia burgdorferi bbk32 Expression and the Inhibition of Spirochete Transmission
Fikrig E, Feng W, Barthold S, Telford S, Flavell R. Arthropod- and Host-Specific Borrelia burgdorferi bbk32 Expression and the Inhibition of Spirochete Transmission. The Journal Of Immunology 2000, 164: 5344-5351. PMID: 10799897, DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.164.10.5344.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsSpirochete transmissionLyme borreliosisB. burgdorferi infectionB. burgdorferi transmissionMechanisms of immunityIxodes scapularis ticksCutaneous sitesImmunized miceSpirochete numbersBurgdorferi infectionMurine infectionMurine hostMiceInfectionMRNA levelsScapularis ticksB. burgdorferiTick engorgementMurine tissuesVector-borne diseasesBorreliosisAdult ticksAntiserumBBK32Regulated expressionSerologic Diagnosis of Lyme Borreliosis by Using Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assays with Recombinant Antigens
Magnarelli L, Ijdo J, Padula S, Flavell R, Fikrig E. Serologic Diagnosis of Lyme Borreliosis by Using Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assays with Recombinant Antigens. Journal Of Clinical Microbiology 2000, 38: 1735-1739. PMID: 10790090, PMCID: PMC86574, DOI: 10.1128/jcm.38.5.1735-1739.2000.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsEnzyme-linked immunosorbent assayHuman granulocytic ehrlichiosisRecombinant antigensClass-specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assaysIgG antibodiesAntibody reactivityLyme borreliosisSerum samplesImmunoblotting of seraImmunoglobulin M antibodiesLow antibody titersB. burgdorferiEnzyme-linked immunosorbentWhole cell antigenAnalysis of serumWestern blot analysisOuter surface protein CErythema migransRheumatoid arthritisAntibody titersIgM antibodiesM antibodiesBorrelia burgdorferi sensu strictoOral infectionSurface protein CBorrelia burgdorferi Gene Expression In Vivo and Spirochete Pathogenicity
Anguita J, Samanta S, Revilla B, Suk K, Das S, Barthold S, Fikrig E. Borrelia burgdorferi Gene Expression In Vivo and Spirochete Pathogenicity. Infection And Immunity 2000, 68: 1222-1230. PMID: 10678930, PMCID: PMC97271, DOI: 10.1128/iai.68.3.1222-1230.2000.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsC3H/HeN miceBorrelia burgdorferi spirochetesLyme disease pathogenesisNonpathogenic spirochetesSpirochete disseminationHumoral responseImmunocompetent miceHeN miceSCID miceC3H miceImmunodeficient miceImmune serumDisease pathogenesisCarditisArthritisMiceGene expressionGenomic expression libraryDiseaseB. burgdorferiB. burgdorferi N40Borrelia burgdorferi gene expressionMammalian infectionSubsequent developmentInfection
1999
INFECTIONS OF GRANULOCYTIC EHRLICHIAE AND BORRELIA BURGDORFERI IN WHITE-TAILED DEER IN CONNECTICUT
Magnarelli L, IJdo J, Stafford K, Fikrig E. INFECTIONS OF GRANULOCYTIC EHRLICHIAE AND BORRELIA BURGDORFERI IN WHITE-TAILED DEER IN CONNECTICUT. Journal Of Wildlife Diseases 1999, 35: 266-274. PMID: 10231753, DOI: 10.7589/0090-3558-35.2.266.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchBorrelia burgdorferi erpT expression in the arthropod vector and murine host
Fikrig E, Chen M, Barthold S, Anguita J, Feng W, Telford S, Flavell R. Borrelia burgdorferi erpT expression in the arthropod vector and murine host. Molecular Microbiology 1999, 31: 281-290. PMID: 9987129, DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2958.1999.01171.x.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAnimalsArachnid VectorsBacterial ProteinsBorrelia burgdorferi GroupFemaleGene ExpressionMiceMice, Inbred C3HTicksConceptsRNA polymerase chain reactionPolymerase chain reactionB. burgdorferi-infected miceBurgdorferi-infected miceB. burgdorferiMurine infectionChain reactionMurine hostImmunization of miceExtracutaneous sitesDifferential antibodyPersistent infectionArthropod vectorsIndirect immunofluorescenceBSK II mediumMiceImmunofluorescence studiesInfectionBurgdorferiAntibodiesAntigenBorrelia burgdorferi genesSmall minorityMammalian hostsNorthern blotThe Immunoglobulin (IgG) Antibody Response to OspA and OspB Correlates with Severe and Prolonged Lyme Arthritis and the IgG Response to P35 Correlates with Mild and Brief Arthritis
Akin E, McHugh G, Flavell R, Fikrig E, Steere A. The Immunoglobulin (IgG) Antibody Response to OspA and OspB Correlates with Severe and Prolonged Lyme Arthritis and the IgG Response to P35 Correlates with Mild and Brief Arthritis. Infection And Immunity 1999, 67: 173-181. PMID: 9864212, PMCID: PMC96293, DOI: 10.1128/iai.67.1.173-181.1999.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdolescentAdultAntigens, BacterialAntigens, SurfaceArthritis, InfectiousBacterial Outer Membrane ProteinsBacterial ProteinsBacterial VaccinesBorrelia burgdorferi GroupChildChild, PreschoolFemaleHumansImmunoglobulin GLipoproteinsLongitudinal StudiesLyme DiseaseMaleMiddle AgedSeverity of Illness IndexConceptsAntibody responseIgG antibodiesEarly arthritisLyme arthritisIgG responsesEarly infectionDuration of arthritisChronic Lyme arthritisIgG antibody responseSerial serum samplesBorrelia burgdorferi proteinsSubsequent arthritisB. burgdorferi proteinsSurface protein CC-terminal epitopeImmune responseArthritisSubsequent severityNatural historyLyme diseasePatientsSerum samplesImmunoglobulin GProtein CInfectionInfluence of Outer Surface Protein A Antibody onBorrelia burgdorferi within Feeding Ticks
de Silva A, Zeidner N, Zhang Y, Dolan M, Piesman J, Fikrig E. Influence of Outer Surface Protein A Antibody onBorrelia burgdorferi within Feeding Ticks. Infection And Immunity 1999, 67: 30-35. PMID: 9864192, PMCID: PMC96273, DOI: 10.1128/iai.67.1.30-35.1999.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsAntibody levelsSalivary glandsAntibody titersOspA antibodiesBorrelia burgdorferiLow antibody levelsNumber of spirochetesDensity of spirochetesEnzyme-linked immunosorbentFeeding ticksSurface protein AAbility of spirochetesOuter surface protein AProtective epitopesCompetitive enzyme-linked immunosorbentOuter surface proteinsSpirochetal agentLyme diseaseAntibodiesB. burgdorferiTitersIxodes ticksGlandBurgdorferiSpirochetes
1998
Borrelia burgdorferi-Infected, Interleukin-6-Deficient Mice Have Decreased Th2 Responses and Increased Lyme Arthritis
Anguita J, Rincón M, Samanta S, Barthold S, Flavell R, Fikrig E. Borrelia burgdorferi-Infected, Interleukin-6-Deficient Mice Have Decreased Th2 Responses and Increased Lyme Arthritis. The Journal Of Infectious Diseases 1998, 178: 1512-1515. PMID: 9780277, DOI: 10.1086/314448.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAnimalsAntibodies, BacterialBorrelia burgdorferi GroupCD4-Positive T-LymphocytesCell PolarityInterleukin-6Lyme DiseaseMiceMice, Inbred C57BLMyocarditisTh2 CellsConceptsIL-6-deficient miceLyme arthritisT cellsCell responsesCD4 T cell responsesT helper cell responsesInterleukin-6-deficient miceHelper cell responsesLess IL-4CD4 T cellsEffector Th2 cellsT cell responsesBorrelia burgdorferiNaive T cellsMurine Lyme arthritisDays of infectionJoint inflammationTh2 responsesArthritis incidenceIgG2b levelsC57BL/6 miceIL-6Th2 phenotypeIL-4Th2 cellsHuman Exposure to a Granulocytic Ehrlichia and Other Tick-Borne Agents in Connecticut
Magnarelli L, Ijdo J, Anderson J, Padula S, Flavell R, Fikrig E. Human Exposure to a Granulocytic Ehrlichia and Other Tick-Borne Agents in Connecticut. Journal Of Clinical Microbiology 1998, 36: 2823-2827. PMID: 9738027, PMCID: PMC105071, DOI: 10.1128/jcm.36.10.2823-2827.1998.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsHuman monocytic ehrlichiosisWestern blot analysisTick-borne agentsProbable human casesTick-borne infectionsHuman granulocytic ehrlichiosis (HGE) agentBlot analysisSerologic testingMarked leukopeniaSeropositive specimensPositive seraHGE agentLyme borreliosisBabesia microtiHuman casesMonocytic ehrlichiosisEhrlichia equiBorrelia burgdorferiGranulocytic EhrlichiaEhrlichia chaffeensisFrequent detectionHuman exposurePatientsInfectionAntibodies