2023
Metabolomic changes associated with acquired resistance to Ixodes scapularis
Cui Y, Matias J, Tang X, Cibichakravarthy B, DePonte K, Wu M, Fikrig E. Metabolomic changes associated with acquired resistance to Ixodes scapularis. Ticks And Tick-borne Diseases 2023, 15: 102279. PMID: 37972499, DOI: 10.1016/j.ttbdis.2023.102279.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchGuinea pigsHydroxyphenyllactic acidMetabolome of serumGroups of miceTyrosine metabolic pathwayTick biteImmune responseControl animalsIxodes scapularisTick salivaI. scapularisMiceInduction of componentsMetabolomic changesMortalityNitisinoneMolecular mechanismsAnimalsMetabolism pathwaysTyrosine degradationPigsTyrosine metabolism pathwayMetabolic pathwaysScapularisMetabolome
2022
Immunization of guinea pigs with cement extract induces resistance against Ixodes scapularis ticks
Lynn GE, Černý J, Kurokawa C, Diktaş H, Matias J, Sajid A, Arora G, DePonte K, Narasimhan S, Fikrig E. Immunization of guinea pigs with cement extract induces resistance against Ixodes scapularis ticks. Ticks And Tick-borne Diseases 2022, 13: 102017. PMID: 35963188, DOI: 10.1016/j.ttbdis.2022.102017.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchTick salivaAnti-tick vaccinesTick-host interfaceSpecific protective antigensTick engorgement weightIxodes scapularis ticksTick speciesTick feedingEngorgement weightFeeding ticksHost resistanceTickborne pathogensDisease agentsAnimal hostsIxodes scapularisFemale I. scapularisI. scapularisScapularis ticksTicksImportant vectorTick detachmentPrimary vectorMidgut extractsProtective antigenHematophagous parasites
2021
Grappling with the tick microbiome
Narasimhan S, Swei A, Abouneameh S, Pal U, Pedra JHF, Fikrig E. Grappling with the tick microbiome. Trends In Parasitology 2021, 37: 722-733. PMID: 33962878, PMCID: PMC8282638, DOI: 10.1016/j.pt.2021.04.004.Peer-Reviewed Reviews, Practice Guidelines, Standards, and Consensus StatementsConceptsTick microbiomeRelated tick speciesMultiple human pathogensHost preferenceSequencing technologiesTick biologyHuman pathogensMicrobiomeMechanistic insightsTick speciesLife cycleIxodes pacificusIxodes scapularisIxodid ticksCausative agentNorth AmericaBorrelia burgdorferiPredominant vectorBiological variablesHabitatsPacificusBiologySpeciesPathogens
2020
Fractionation of tick saliva reveals proteins associated with the development of acquired resistance to Ixodes scapularis
Černý J, Lynn G, DePonte K, Ledizet M, Narasimhan S, Fikrig E. Fractionation of tick saliva reveals proteins associated with the development of acquired resistance to Ixodes scapularis. Vaccine 2020, 38: 8121-8129. PMID: 33168347, DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2020.10.087.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsTick-borne pathogensTick immunityTick salivaTick vaccinesMultiple tick-borne pathogensIxodes scapularisGuinea pig modelTick salivary antigensTick rejectionTick Ixodes scapularisPig modelTick feedingNortheast USASalivary antigensGlobal medical problemDevelopment of vaccinesTicksMain vectorPathogensSaliva fractionsScapularisMedical problemsImmunityVaccineSalivaIxodes scapularis saliva components that elicit responses associated with acquired tick-resistance
Narasimhan S, Kurokawa C, Diktas H, Strank NO, Černý J, Murfin K, Cao Y, Lynn G, Trentleman J, Wu MJ, DePonte K, Kantor F, Anguita J, Hovius J, Fikrig E. Ixodes scapularis saliva components that elicit responses associated with acquired tick-resistance. Ticks And Tick-borne Diseases 2020, 11: 101369. PMID: 31924502, PMCID: PMC7382422, DOI: 10.1016/j.ttbdis.2019.101369.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsTick-borne diseasesSalivary antigensAnti-tick vaccine candidatesIxodes scapularisTick salivary antigensTransmission of pathogensTick infestationTick rejectionTick proteinsViable vaccine targetsTick feedingPathogen transmissionRise worldTicksHost immune responseUrgent public health needScapularisMammalian hostsPathogensPublic health needsVaccine candidatesImmune responseSalivary glycoproteinsFeedingVaccine targeting
2018
Host-specific expression of Ixodes scapularis salivary genes
Narasimhan S, Booth CJ, DePonte K, Wu MJ, Liang X, Mohanty S, Kantor F, Fikrig E. Host-specific expression of Ixodes scapularis salivary genes. Ticks And Tick-borne Diseases 2018, 10: 386-397. PMID: 30545615, DOI: 10.1016/j.ttbdis.2018.12.001.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsVector-host interactionsTick infestationI. scapularisReservoir hostsNon-reservoir hostsHost-specific expressionRodent reservoir hostsInfected ticksPathogen transmissionZoonotic cycleSalivary genesIxodes scapularisTicksNatural hostScapularisInfestationTick biteLyme diseaseBorrelia burgdorferiLarval stagesPathogensHostPeromyscus leucopusStrong immune responseSalivary transcriptome
2017
Modulation of the tick gut milieu by a secreted tick protein favors Borrelia burgdorferi colonization
Narasimhan S, Schuijt TJ, Abraham NM, Rajeevan N, Coumou J, Graham M, Robson A, Wu MJ, Daffre S, Hovius JW, Fikrig E. Modulation of the tick gut milieu by a secreted tick protein favors Borrelia burgdorferi colonization. Nature Communications 2017, 8: 184. PMID: 28775250, PMCID: PMC5543126, DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-00208-0.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsB. burgdorferi colonizationTick gutImmune responseRNA interference-mediated silencingGut microbiomeLyme disease agentBorrelia burgdorferiB. burgdorferiGutTick proteinsVivo resultsBurgdorferiPixRAbrogationTick Ixodes scapularisArthropod vectorsDisease agentsGut proteinsIxodes scapularisAlterationsGut genesMicrobiomeTick biologyMiceBacterial biofilm formation
2014
Antivirulence Properties of an Antifreeze Protein
Heisig M, Abraham NM, Liu L, Neelakanta G, Mattessich S, Sultana H, Shang Z, Ansari JM, Killiam C, Walker W, Cooley L, Flavell RA, Agaisse H, Fikrig E. Antivirulence Properties of an Antifreeze Protein. Cell Reports 2014, 9: 417-424. PMID: 25373896, PMCID: PMC4223805, DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2014.09.034.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsAntifreeze proteinsDiverse bacteriaProtein bindsWild-type animalsBiofilm formationAntivirulence agentsIAFGPMethicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureusHost controlProteinAntifreeze glycoproteinsIxodes scapularisAntivirulence propertiesBacteriaSeptic shockTherapeutic strategiesBacterial infectionsInfectious diseasesMicrobesStaphylococcus aureusFliesBindsInfectionCatheter tubingPathogens
2013
Characterization of Ixophilin, A Thrombin Inhibitor from the Gut of Ixodes scapularis
Narasimhan S, Perez O, Mootien S, DePonte K, Koski RA, Fikrig E, Ledizet M. Characterization of Ixophilin, A Thrombin Inhibitor from the Gut of Ixodes scapularis. PLOS ONE 2013, 8: e68012. PMID: 23874485, PMCID: PMC3706618, DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0068012.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsTick gutBlood mealVertebrate hostsTick gut proteinsPathogen transmissionBorrelia burgdorferi transmissionAnticoagulation strategiesThrombin inhibitory activityHemostatic mechanismThrombin inhibitorsMammalian coagulationIxodes scapularisMammalian hostsTick salivaLyme diseaseKey enzymeGut proteinsBorrelia burgdorferiTick feedingHost bloodHours of feedingGutFunctional suiteTick proteinsHuman pathogens
2012
Immunization with adenoviral-vectored tick salivary gland proteins (SALPs) in a murine model of Lyme borreliosis
Ullmann AJ, Dolan MC, Sackal CA, Fikrig E, Piesman J, Zeidner NS. Immunization with adenoviral-vectored tick salivary gland proteins (SALPs) in a murine model of Lyme borreliosis. Ticks And Tick-borne Diseases 2012, 4: 160-163. PMID: 23141105, PMCID: PMC4306421, DOI: 10.1016/j.ttbdis.2012.08.006.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsTick salivary proteinsBorrelia burgdorferi infectionSalivary proteinsTick salivary gland proteinsSalivary gland proteinsTh1 responseImmunized miceSpecific immunityBurgdorferi infectionMurine modelSpirochete loadLyme borreliosisPrior exposureAdenovirus expression systemAdenoviral vectorTick challengeVaccinationMammalian hostsIxodes scapularisVertebrate hosts
2011
Identification and Characterization of Ixodes scapularis Antigens That Elicit Tick Immunity Using Yeast Surface Display
Schuijt TJ, Narasimhan S, Daffre S, DePonte K, Hovius JW, Veer C, van der Poll T, Bakhtiari K, Meijers JC, Boder ET, van Dam AP, Fikrig E. Identification and Characterization of Ixodes scapularis Antigens That Elicit Tick Immunity Using Yeast Surface Display. PLOS ONE 2011, 6: e15926. PMID: 21246036, PMCID: PMC3016337, DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0015926.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsSalivary antigensTick salivary antigensPotential vaccine candidatesAnti-coagulant activityTick biteImmunization studiesVaccine candidatesAnti-complement activityTick antigensRepeated exposureTick immunityAntigenRabbit serumHall markTicks resultsImmunitySerumYeast surface display libraryRabbitsDisplay libraryIxodes scapularisDrosophila expression systemP19Surface display libraryP8
2010
Tick Histamine Release Factor Is Critical for Ixodes scapularis Engorgement and Transmission of the Lyme Disease Agent
Dai J, Narasimhan S, Zhang L, Liu L, Wang P, Fikrig E. Tick Histamine Release Factor Is Critical for Ixodes scapularis Engorgement and Transmission of the Lyme Disease Agent. PLOS Pathogens 2010, 6: e1001205. PMID: 21124826, PMCID: PMC2991271, DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1001205.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAnimalsBiomarkers, TumorBlotting, WesternBorrelia burgdorferiFeeding BehaviorFemaleHistamineHumansImmunizationIxodesLyme DiseaseMiceMice, Inbred C3HReverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain ReactionRNA, MessengerRNA, Small InterferingSalivaTick InfestationsTumor Protein, Translationally-Controlled 1ConceptsTick-borne pathogensB. burgdorferi transmissionTick engorgementB. burgdorferi burdenHistamine-releasing factorRapid feeding phaseBurgdorferi-infected ticksAnimal healthTick feedingTick salivaDiverse infectious agentsDisease agentsTicksIxodes scapularisLyme disease agentRNA interferenceFeeding phaseVaccine potentialQuantitative reverse transcription PCRReverse transcription-PCRHistamine releaseEffective vaccineVascular permeabilityBlood flowInfectious agents
2008
The Tick Salivary Protein Salp15 Inhibits the Killing of Serum-Sensitive Borrelia burgdorferi Sensu Lato Isolates
Schuijt TJ, Hovius JW, van Burgel ND, Ramamoorthi N, Fikrig E, van Dam AP. The Tick Salivary Protein Salp15 Inhibits the Killing of Serum-Sensitive Borrelia burgdorferi Sensu Lato Isolates. Infection And Immunity 2008, 76: 2888-2894. PMID: 18426890, PMCID: PMC2446733, DOI: 10.1128/iai.00232-08.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsComplement-mediated killingBurgdorferi-specific antibodiesBorrelia burgdorferiStrong protective effectSerum-sensitive isolatesNormal human serumBorrelia burgdorferi sensu latoBurgdorferi sensu latoProtective effectMembrane attack complexTick salivaLyme diseaseBorrelia burgdorferi sensu lato isolatesComplement complexI. scapularis Salp15B. burgdorferiSalp15Attack complexBurgdorferiHuman serumKillingSpirochetesIxodes scapularisIsolatesTicks
2007
Role of Outer Surface Protein D in the Borrelia burgdorferi Life Cycle
Li X, Neelakanta G, Liu X, Beck DS, Kantor FS, Fish D, Anderson JF, Fikrig E. Role of Outer Surface Protein D in the Borrelia burgdorferi Life Cycle. Infection And Immunity 2007, 75: 4237-4244. PMID: 17620358, PMCID: PMC1951184, DOI: 10.1128/iai.00632-07.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsB. burgdorferiSecond blood mealMurine modelSpirochete transmissionB. burgdorferi persistenceLyme borreliosisMiceB. burgdorferi strainsProtein DI. scapularisTick gutBlood mealBurgdorferi strainsSpirochete life cycleBurgdorferiGut extractsIxodes scapularisB. burgdorferi infectivityThreefold decreaseHost-specific signalsScapularisTicksBorreliosisA Tick Antioxidant Facilitates the Lyme Disease Agent's Successful Migration from the Mammalian Host to the Arthropod Vector
Narasimhan S, Sukumaran B, Bozdogan U, Thomas V, Liang X, DePonte K, Marcantonio N, Koski RA, Anderson JF, Kantor F, Fikrig E. A Tick Antioxidant Facilitates the Lyme Disease Agent's Successful Migration from the Mammalian Host to the Arthropod Vector. Cell Host & Microbe 2007, 2: 7-18. PMID: 18005713, PMCID: PMC2699493, DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2007.06.001.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsMammalian hostsComplex feeding sitesLyme disease agent Borrelia burgdorferiSuccessful migrationMammalian responseTick Ixodes scapularisTick salivary glandsReactive oxygen speciesFeeding sitesArthropod vectorsTick proteinsBurgdorferi-infected miceOxygen speciesEfficient vectorCritical roleSpirochete acquisitionIxodes scapularisB. burgdorferiPathogensHostBorrelia burgdorferiI. scapularisInflammatory cellsImmune cellsSurvival advantageImmunity against Ixodes scapularis Salivary Proteins Expressed within 24 Hours of Attachment Thwarts Tick Feeding and Impairs Borrelia Transmission
Narasimhan S, DePonte K, Marcantonio N, Liang X, Royce TE, Nelson KF, Booth CJ, Koski B, Anderson JF, Kantor F, Fikrig E. Immunity against Ixodes scapularis Salivary Proteins Expressed within 24 Hours of Attachment Thwarts Tick Feeding and Impairs Borrelia Transmission. PLOS ONE 2007, 2: e451. PMID: 17505544, PMCID: PMC1866177, DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0000451.Peer-Reviewed Original Research
2006
Disruption of the salivary protein 14 in Ixodes scapularis nymphs and impact on pathogen acquisition.
Pedra JH, Narasimhan S, Deponte K, Marcantonio N, Kantor FS, Fikrig E. Disruption of the salivary protein 14 in Ixodes scapularis nymphs and impact on pathogen acquisition. American Journal Of Tropical Medicine And Hygiene 2006, 75: 677-82. PMID: 17038693, DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.2006.75.677.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsScapularis nymphsProtein 14Adult Ixodes scapularisIxodes scapularis nymphsI. scapularisBorrelia burgdorferiTick feedingI. scapularis nymphsB. burgdorferiFamily expressionEngorgement weightTick weightPhysiological rolePathogen acquisitionBurgdorferiIxodes scapularisRNA interferenceExpressionDifferent mechanismsFeedingScapularis
2004
TROSPA, an Ixodes scapularis Receptor for Borrelia burgdorferi
Pal U, Li X, Wang T, Montgomery RR, Ramamoorthi N, deSilva AM, Bao F, Yang X, Pypaert M, Pradhan D, Kantor FS, Telford S, Anderson JF, Fikrig E. TROSPA, an Ixodes scapularis Receptor for Borrelia burgdorferi. Cell 2004, 119: 457-468. PMID: 15537536, DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2004.10.027.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAmino Acid SequenceAnimalsAntibodies, BacterialAntigens, SurfaceBacterial Outer Membrane ProteinsBacterial VaccinesBase SequenceBorrelia burgdorferiCloning, MolecularGene Expression RegulationHost-Parasite InteractionsIntestinesIxodesLipoproteinsMiceMice, Inbred C3HMolecular Sequence DataReceptors, Cell SurfaceRecombinant ProteinsConceptsLyme disease agent Borrelia burgdorferiSurvival of spirochetesTick receptorMammalian hostsRNA interferenceEfficient colonizationTROSPAOuter surface protein ABorrelia burgdorferiPathogen adherencePathogen transmissionProtein AB. burgdorferi outer surface protein AMRNA levelsIxodes scapularisB. burgdorferiColonizationSurface protein AReceptorsArthropodsBurgdorferiMammalsRepressionSpirochetesTicks
2002
A novel family of anticoagulants from the saliva of Ixodes scapularis
Narasimhan S, Koski RA, Beaulieu B, Anderson JF, Ramamoorthi N, Kantor F, Cappello M, Fikrig E. A novel family of anticoagulants from the saliva of Ixodes scapularis. Insect Molecular Biology 2002, 11: 641-650. PMID: 12421422, DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2583.2002.00375.x.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsN-terminal amino acid sequenceSalivary gland cDNA libraryAmino acid sequenceN-terminal sequenceCDNA libraryAcid sequenceAnticoagulant proteinsIxodes scapularisMolecular approachesTerminal sequenceIntrinsic pathwayEscherichia coliSpecific inhibitorNovel familyProteinSalp14Different functionsTick salivaSequenceBiological activityDose-dependent mannerProtease inhibitorsReversed-phase HPLCParaloguesScapularisExamination of the Borrelia burgdorferi Transcriptome in Ixodes scapularis during Feeding
Narasimhan S, Santiago F, Koski RA, Brei B, Anderson JF, Fish D, Fikrig E. Examination of the Borrelia burgdorferi Transcriptome in Ixodes scapularis during Feeding. Journal Of Bacteriology 2002, 184: 3122-3125. PMID: 12003955, PMCID: PMC135063, DOI: 10.1128/jb.184.11.3122-3125.2002.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsBorrelia burgdorferi gene expressionB. burgdorferi genesPeriplasmic proteinsSignal transductionChromosomal genesPutative lipoproteinSubstrate transportGene expressionDifferential expressionGenesEnergy metabolismIxodes scapularis ticksGlobal analysisIxodes scapularisScapularis ticksExpressionTranscriptomeTransductionTicksProteinFeedingMetabolismScapularis