2022
Patient-Centered Pain Care Using Artificial Intelligence and Mobile Health Tools
Piette JD, Newman S, Krein SL, Marinec N, Chen J, Williams DA, Edmond SN, Driscoll M, LaChappelle KM, Kerns RD, Maly M, Kim HM, Farris KB, Higgins DM, Buta E, Heapy AA. Patient-Centered Pain Care Using Artificial Intelligence and Mobile Health Tools. JAMA Internal Medicine 2022, 182: 975-983. PMID: 35939288, PMCID: PMC9361183, DOI: 10.1001/jamainternmed.2022.3178.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsCBT-CPComparative effectiveness trialTherapist timeSecondary outcomesMore patientsEffectiveness trialInteractive voice responseCP groupMeaningful improvementsPatient-centered pain careRoland-Morris Disability QuestionnaireVeterans Affairs Health SystemMorris Disability QuestionnairePain intensity scoresChronic back painLess therapist timeMobile health toolsCognitive behavioral therapyRandomized noninferiorityDisability QuestionnaireNoninferiority criteriaOpioid analgesicsPain intensityPain therapyPrimary outcomeBrief Educational Video plus Telecare to Enhance Recovery for Older Emergency Department Patients with Acute Musculoskeletal Pain: an update to the study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Hurka-Richardson K, Platts-Mills TF, McLean SA, Weinberger M, Stearns SC, Bush M, Quackenbush E, Chari S, Aylward A, Kroenke K, Kerns RD, Weaver MA, Keefe FJ, Berkoff D, Meyer ML. Brief Educational Video plus Telecare to Enhance Recovery for Older Emergency Department Patients with Acute Musculoskeletal Pain: an update to the study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. Trials 2022, 23: 400. PMID: 35550175, PMCID: PMC9096747, DOI: 10.1186/s13063-022-06310-z.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsUrgent care clinicMusculoskeletal painCare clinicsOlder emergency department (ED) patientsAcute care visitsAcute musculoskeletal painEmergency department patientsWeeks of enrollmentCOVID-19 pandemicBrief educational videoCare visitsOpioid useDepartment patientsChronic painEmergency departmentStudy protocolFavorable outcomeInclusion criteriaRecruitment sitesEligibility criteriaMedical treatmentBETTER trialRemote recruitmentPainParticipant enrollment
2020
Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs vs Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Arthritis Pain
Fraenkel L, Buta E, Suter L, Dubreuil M, Levy C, Najem C, Brennan M, Corn B, Kerns R, Goulet J. Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs vs Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Arthritis Pain. JAMA Internal Medicine 2020, 180: 1194-1202. PMID: 32702101, PMCID: PMC7372512, DOI: 10.1001/jamainternmed.2020.2821.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsNonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugsWOMAC pain scorePain scoresAnti-inflammatory drugsGlobal ImpressionKnee osteoarthritisMeloxicam groupMcMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) pain scoreCurrent nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugsLong-term clinical benefitMean differencePain score differenceParticipant global impressionWOMAC disability scoresKnee osteoarthritis painLower extremity disabilityPrimary outcome measureSignificant differencesCognitive behavioral therapy programCognitive behavioral therapyBehavioral therapy programBaseline painOsteoarthritis painTreat basisDisability scoresBrief educational video plus telecare to enhance recovery for older emergency department patients with acute musculoskeletal pain: study protocol for the BETTER randomized controlled trial
Platts-Mills TF, McLean SA, Weinberger M, Stearns SC, Bush M, Teresi BB, Hurka-Richardson K, Kroenke K, Kerns RD, Weaver MA, Keefe FJ. Brief educational video plus telecare to enhance recovery for older emergency department patients with acute musculoskeletal pain: study protocol for the BETTER randomized controlled trial. Trials 2020, 21: 615. PMID: 32631400, PMCID: PMC7336469, DOI: 10.1186/s13063-020-04552-3.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsChronic musculoskeletal painMusculoskeletal painEmergency departmentUsual careOpioid useChronic painOlder adultsAnalgesic-related side effectsLong-term opioid useOlder emergency department (ED) patientsAcute musculoskeletal painEmergency department patientsCause of disabilityPublic health priorityBrief educational videoDiscussionThis trialPain severitySecondary outcomesSixty patientsDepartment patientsPrimary outcomeHealthcare utilizationStudy enrollmentPhysical functionStudy protocol
2019
Further Examination of the Pain Stages of Change Questionnaires Among Chronic Low Back Pain Patients
Mun CJ, Otis JD, Concato J, Reid MC, Burg MM, Czlapinski R, Kerns RD. Further Examination of the Pain Stages of Change Questionnaires Among Chronic Low Back Pain Patients. The Clinical Journal Of Pain 2019, 35: 744-752. PMID: 31149934, DOI: 10.1097/ajp.0000000000000733.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsChronic low back pain patientsLow back pain patientsSelf-management approachBack pain patientsCognitive behavioral therapyChronic painDepressive symptom severityPain severityPain patientsPain StagesRegular cognitive behavioural therapySymptom severityVA primary care clinicsChange scoresPrimary care clinicsChange QuestionnaireLong-term functionMaintenance scoresCare clinicsPresent studyPatient readinessPatients' attitudesWeeks posttreatmentSustained benefitTherapeutic mechanismEnhancing Motivation for Change in the Management of Chronic Painful Conditions: a Review of Recent Literature
Ankawi B, Kerns RD, Edmond SN. Enhancing Motivation for Change in the Management of Chronic Painful Conditions: a Review of Recent Literature. Current Pain And Headache Reports 2019, 23: 75. PMID: 31388839, DOI: 10.1007/s11916-019-0813-x.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsNon-pharmacological treatmentChronic painPsychosocial influencesMotivational factorsTreatment adherenceRecent empirical researchHeadache disordersHealth treatmentIntervention feasibilityMotivationRecent FindingsResearchLong-term opioid therapyEmpirical researchChronic painful conditionsInitiation of treatmentDisordersInterventionOpioid therapyTreatment initiationTreatment outcomesPainful conditionsReviewThe purposeElectronic treatmentCommon factorsPain
2018
An evaluation of the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary efficacy of cognitive-behavioral therapy for opioid use disorder and chronic pain
Barry DT, Beitel M, Cutter CJ, Fiellin DA, Kerns RD, Moore BA, Oberleitner L, Madden LM, Liong C, Ginn J, Schottenfeld RS. An evaluation of the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary efficacy of cognitive-behavioral therapy for opioid use disorder and chronic pain. Drug And Alcohol Dependence 2018, 194: 460-467. PMID: 30508769, PMCID: PMC6312460, DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2018.10.015.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsOpioid use disorderCognitive behavioral therapyChronic painPreliminary efficacyDrug counselingUse disordersImproved pain outcomesProportion of patientsMethadone-maintained patientsNonmedical opioid useEnd of treatmentPrimary study aimPatient satisfaction ratingsManualized cognitive behavioral therapyOpioid usePain outcomesPain interferenceClinical trialsStandard drug counselingPatientsMean sessionSecondary aimStudy aimPainPilot studyEvaluation of Complementary and Integrative Health Approaches Among US Veterans with Musculoskeletal Pain Using Propensity Score Methods
Han L, Goulet JL, Skanderson M, Bathulapalli H, Luther SL, Kerns RD, Brandt CA. Evaluation of Complementary and Integrative Health Approaches Among US Veterans with Musculoskeletal Pain Using Propensity Score Methods. Pain Medicine 2018, 20: 90-102. PMID: 29584926, PMCID: PMC6329442, DOI: 10.1093/pm/pny027.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsIntegrative health approachesPS matchingCIH exposureMusculoskeletal painPropensity score methodsSelf-rated pain intensityHealth approachHigher pain intensity ratingsPain intensity outcomesChronic musculoskeletal painPain intensity ratingsIPTW modelsRetrospective cohortPain intensityChronic painClinical visitsInitial diagnosisChiropractic careUS veteransBaseline differencesTreatment weightingExposure groupPainScore methodTreatment effectivenessA Randomized Pilot Trial of a Novel Behavioral Intervention for Chronic Pain Tailored to Individuals with HIV
Merlin JS, Westfall AO, Long D, Davies S, Saag M, Demonte W, Young S, Kerns RD, Bair MJ, Kertesz S, Turan JM, Kilgore M, Clay OJ, Starrels J, Pekmezi D, Johnson MO. A Randomized Pilot Trial of a Novel Behavioral Intervention for Chronic Pain Tailored to Individuals with HIV. AIDS And Behavior 2018, 22: 2733-2742. PMID: 29340913, PMCID: PMC6047927, DOI: 10.1007/s10461-018-2028-2.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsChronic painPilot trialBrief Pain Inventory (BPI) total scorePain self-management interventionMedian session attendanceUsual care comparisonRandomized pilot trialSelf-management interventionsNovel behavioral interventionModerate painPain severityPreliminary efficacyIntervention groupSession attendanceCare comparisonsEligibility criteriaControl groupPainInterference ScaleBehavioral interventionsTrialsHIVPreliminary evidenceFull-scale trialEfficacy
2017
Developing a typology of patient-generated behavioral goals for cognitive behavioral therapy for chronic pain (CBT-CP): classification and predicting outcomes
Heapy AA, Wandner L, Driscoll MA, LaChappelle K, Czlapinski R, Fenton BT, Piette JD, Aikens JE, Janevic MR, Kerns RD. Developing a typology of patient-generated behavioral goals for cognitive behavioral therapy for chronic pain (CBT-CP): classification and predicting outcomes. Journal Of Behavioral Medicine 2017, 41: 174-185. PMID: 28936717, DOI: 10.1007/s10865-017-9885-4.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdultChronic PainCognitive Behavioral TherapyFemaleGoalsHumansMaleMiddle AgedPrognosisTreatment OutcomeConceptsCognitive behavioral therapyChronic painYard workTreatment outcomesPhysical activityDepressive symptomsPain-related interferenceWork/schoolPain intensityFunctional statusTreatment goalsPredicting OutcomePatient valuesMeaningful improvementsOutcome domainsBehavioral therapyWellness goalsRecreational activitiesPainTherapyOutcomesSymptomsBehavioral goalsActivityCost-effectiveness of a chronic pain intervention for people living with HIV (PLWH)
Merlin JS, Westfall AO, Johnson MO, Kerns RD, Bair MJ, Kertesz S, Turan JM, Clay OJ, Starrels JL, Kilgore M. Cost-effectiveness of a chronic pain intervention for people living with HIV (PLWH). Journal Of Medical Economics 2017, 21: 122-126. PMID: 28880698, PMCID: PMC6028014, DOI: 10.1080/13696998.2017.1377719.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsIncremental cost-effectiveness ratioCost/QALYChronic painPilot trialPreliminary efficacyPain self-management interventionChronic pain interventionsModerate chronic painHIV clinical settingsSelf-management interventionsCost-effectiveness ratioStandard gamble methodCostly comorbiditiesSTOMP interventionUsual carePain interventionsMean ageInclusion criteriaClinic perspectivePainClinical settingPilot studyTrialsPLWHHIVTaking ACTION to reduce pain: ACTION study rationale, design and protocol of a randomized trial of a proactive telephone-based coaching intervention for chronic musculoskeletal pain among African Americans
Bhimani RH, Cross LJ, Taylor BC, Meis LA, Fu SS, Allen KD, Krein SL, Do T, Kerns RD, Burgess DJ. Taking ACTION to reduce pain: ACTION study rationale, design and protocol of a randomized trial of a proactive telephone-based coaching intervention for chronic musculoskeletal pain among African Americans. BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders 2017, 18: 15. PMID: 28086853, PMCID: PMC5237146, DOI: 10.1186/s12891-016-1363-6.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsChronic musculoskeletal painMusculoskeletal painTreatment outcomesHealth care service utilizationMorris Disability QuestionnairePain outcome measuresPain treatment outcomesTelephone counseling sessionsAfrican American patientsAfrican AmericansPrimary aimUsual careDisability QuestionnaireOpioid analgesicsPain outcomesPain treatmentPrimary outcomeChronic painPain assessmentTreat methodologyAmerican patientsClinical trialsPhysical functioningService utilizationOutcome measures
2016
Using Patient Perspectives to Inform the Development of a Behavioral Intervention for Chronic Pain in Patients with HIV: A Qualitative Study
Merlin JS, Young SR, Johnson MO, Saag M, Demonte W, Modi R, Shurbaji S, Anderson WA, Kerns R, Bair MJ, Kertesz S, Davies S, Turan JM. Using Patient Perspectives to Inform the Development of a Behavioral Intervention for Chronic Pain in Patients with HIV: A Qualitative Study. Pain Medicine 2016, 18: 879-888. PMID: 27425186, PMCID: PMC6279265, DOI: 10.1093/pm/pnw150.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsChronic painPatient preferencesBehavioral interventionsNonpharmacologic treatmentsHIV statusPatient's perspectivePainHIVElicit participants' preferencesIntervention contentThematic analysis approachIntervention developmentPsychosocial vulnerabilityInterventionGroup participantsPatientsGroup sessionsTarget populationFocus groupsQualitative studyPeer leadershipParticipants' preferencesIndividualsEmergent themesDeliveryAssociation between pain outcomes and race and opioid treatment: Retrospective cohort study of Veterans
Burgess DJ, Gravely AA, Nelson DB, Bair MJ, Kerns RD, Higgins DM, Farmer MM, Partin MR. Association between pain outcomes and race and opioid treatment: Retrospective cohort study of Veterans. The Journal Of Rehabilitation Research And Development 2016, 53: 13-24. PMID: 26933921, DOI: 10.1682/jrrd.2014.10.0252.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsRetrospective cohort studyIndex visitOpioid prescriptionsPain outcomesCohort studyMusculoskeletal painPain treatmentPain interferenceBenefits of opioidsElectronic medical record dataGreater pain interferencePharmacologic pain treatmentsChronic noncancer painVeterans Affairs patientsChronic musculoskeletal painMedical record dataNoncancer painOpioid treatmentMost patientsVA patientsVA SurveyAlternative treatmentPatientsSignificant associationPain
2015
National Dissemination of Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy for Chronic Pain in Veterans
Stewart MO, Karlin BE, Murphy JL, Raffa SD, Miller SA, McKellar J, Kerns RD. National Dissemination of Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy for Chronic Pain in Veterans. The Clinical Journal Of Pain 2015, 31: 722-729. PMID: 25171637, DOI: 10.1097/ajp.0000000000000151.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsPain-related outcomesCBT-CPQuality of lifeCognitive behavioral therapyHealth care systemVeteran patientsChronic painVeterans Affairs Health Care SystemPatient-reported pain intensityVA health care systemCare systemTherapeutic alliancePain-related cognitionsPain intensityTreat analysisPain interferencePain catastrophizingPatient outcomesSpecialty settingsOverall distressTraining programPatientsWeekly consultationEffect of trainingNational disseminationDoes Change Occur for the Reasons We Think It Does? A Test of Specific Therapeutic Operations During Cognitive-Behavioral Treatment of Chronic Pain
Burns JW, Nielson WR, Jensen MP, Heapy A, Czlapinski R, Kerns RD. Does Change Occur for the Reasons We Think It Does? A Test of Specific Therapeutic Operations During Cognitive-Behavioral Treatment of Chronic Pain. The Clinical Journal Of Pain 2015, 31: 603-611. PMID: 25119513, DOI: 10.1097/ajp.0000000000000141.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsCognitive behavioral therapyChronic painStandard cognitive behavioral therapyUse of painTreatment-related changesCoping skillsClinical trialsFavorable outcomeCognitive-behavioral treatmentTreatment benefitTherapeutic mechanismPatient expectationsPainWorking allianceSecondary analysisNonspecific factorsExercise useSession threeRelative validityTherapeutic operationsRelaxation skillsInventory subscalesMixed improvementsTreatmentExercise
2014
Effect of variability in the 7-day baseline pain diary on the assay sensitivity of neuropathic pain randomized clinical trials: An ACTTION study
Farrar JT, Troxel AB, Haynes K, Gilron I, Kerns RD, Katz NP, Rappaport BA, Rowbotham MC, Tierney AM, Turk DC, Dworkin RH. Effect of variability in the 7-day baseline pain diary on the assay sensitivity of neuropathic pain randomized clinical trials: An ACTTION study. Pain 2014, 155: 1622-1631. PMID: 24831421, DOI: 10.1016/j.pain.2014.05.009.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsDiabetic peripheral neuropathyLikelihood of responseClinical trialsPostherpetic neuralgiaPainful diabetic peripheral neuropathyAddiction Clinical Trial TranslationsNetworks (ACTTION) public-private partnershipBaseline pain levelsPlacebo-treated groupRandomized clinical trialsAnalgesic clinical trialsPatient-level dataClinical trial dataExploratory logistic regressionAvailable baseline factorsNeuropathic painPain diaryPain levelsBaseline factorsPain therapyPeripheral neuropathyPatient sexPatients' baselinePain ratingsStudy protocol
2011
Measuring Pain Impact Versus Pain Severity Using a Numeric Rating Scale
Fraenkel L, Falzer P, Fried T, Kohler M, Peters E, Kerns R, Leventhal H. Measuring Pain Impact Versus Pain Severity Using a Numeric Rating Scale. Journal Of General Internal Medicine 2011, 27: 555-560. PMID: 22081365, PMCID: PMC3326111, DOI: 10.1007/s11606-011-1926-z.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsNumeric rating scaleImpact of painPain impactPatient preferencesPain intensity numeric rating scaleRating ScalePatients' treatment preferencesResultsTwo hundred fortyMore effective treatmentsHigh-risk treatmentValuable screening instrumentPain severityCurrent medicationsMusculoskeletal painNRS scoresClinical outcomesIllness perceptionsPhysical functionTreatment preferencesHundred fortyEffective treatmentPainClinical practiceAppropriate managementScreening instrument
2010
The Moderating Effect of Obesity on Cognitive–Behavioral Pain Treatment Outcomes
Sellinger JJ, Clark EA, Shulman M, Rosenberger PH, Heapy AA, Kerns RD. The Moderating Effect of Obesity on Cognitive–Behavioral Pain Treatment Outcomes. Pain Medicine 2010, 11: 1381-1390. PMID: 20735748, DOI: 10.1111/j.1526-4637.2010.00935.x.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsBody mass indexNon-obese participantsPain treatment outcomesMass indexTreatment outcomesSF-36Roland-Morris Disability QuestionnaireChronic low back painAverage body mass indexLow back pain outcomesPain treatment interventionsVeterans SF-36Morris Disability QuestionnaireNon-obese groupAverage pain intensityBack pain outcomesLow back painNumerical rating scaleRole of BMIMeasures of disabilityBeck Depression InventoryDisability QuestionnairePain treatmentBack painPain conditions
2009
The Development of an Integrated Treatment for Veterans with Comorbid Chronic Pain and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
Otis JD, Keane TM, Kerns RD, Monson C, Scioli E. The Development of an Integrated Treatment for Veterans with Comorbid Chronic Pain and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder. Pain Medicine 2009, 10: 1300-1311. PMID: 19818040, DOI: 10.1111/j.1526-4637.2009.00715.x.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsComorbid chronic painPosttraumatic stress disorderChronic painCognitive processing therapyCognitive behavioral therapyTreatment approachesVeterans Affairs Medical CenterStress disorderPilot studyChronic pain managementRandomized clinical trialsMeasures of painFormat of treatmentPatient workbookPain managementTherapy attendanceTreatment development processCommon symptomsClinical benefitClinical trialsMedical CenterPainPosttreatment evaluationBehavioral therapyPhysical disability