2024
State and National Estimates of the Cost of Emergency Department Pediatric Readiness and Lives Saved
Newgard C, Lin A, Goldhaber-Fiebert J, Remick K, Gausche-Hill M, Burd R, Malveau S, Cook J, Jenkins P, Ames S, Mann N, Glass N, Hewes H, Fallat M, Salvi A, Carr B, McConnell K, Stephens C, Ford R, Auerbach M, Babcock S, Kuppermann N. State and National Estimates of the Cost of Emergency Department Pediatric Readiness and Lives Saved. JAMA Network Open 2024, 7: e2442154. PMID: 39485354, PMCID: PMC11530936, DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.42154.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdolescentChildChild, PreschoolCohort StudiesEmergency Service, HospitalFemaleHumansInfantInfant, NewbornMaleUnited StatesConceptsPediatric readinessED readinessEmergency departmentWeighted pediatric readiness scorePediatric livesCohort studyPediatric readiness scoreEmergency servicesUS emergency departmentsHigh emergency departmentAnnual hospital expendituresDistrict of ColumbiaNational annual costEmergency careReadiness scoresMain OutcomesNational estimatesChild deathsEligible childrenAged 0Hospital expendituresNational costUS costsUS statesChild's life
2021
Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Physical Restraint Use for Pediatric Patients in the Emergency Department
Nash KA, Tolliver DG, Taylor RA, Calhoun AJ, Auerbach MA, Venkatesh AK, Wong AH. Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Physical Restraint Use for Pediatric Patients in the Emergency Department. JAMA Pediatrics 2021, 175: 1283-1285. PMID: 34515764, PMCID: PMC8438617, DOI: 10.1001/jamapediatrics.2021.3348.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchACEP SimBox: A Pediatric Simulation-Based Training Innovation
Vora S, Li J, Kou M, Ng V, Price A, Claudius I, Kant S, Sanseau E, Madhok M, Auerbach M. ACEP SimBox: A Pediatric Simulation-Based Training Innovation. Annals Of Emergency Medicine 2021, 78: 346-354. PMID: 34154842, DOI: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2021.03.040.Peer-Reviewed Original Research
2020
Identifying Maltreatment in Infants and Young Children Presenting With Fractures: Does Age Matter?
Mitchell IC, Norat BJ, Auerbach M, Bressler CJ, Como JJ, Escobar MA, Flynn‐O’Brien K, Lindberg DM, Nickoles T, Rosado N, Weeks K, Maguire S. Identifying Maltreatment in Infants and Young Children Presenting With Fractures: Does Age Matter? Academic Emergency Medicine 2020, 28: 5-18. PMID: 32888348, DOI: 10.1111/acem.14122.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsFemoral fracturesRib fracturesSystematic reviewAbuse evaluationsMotor vehicle collisionsPercent of childrenLong bone fracturesPubMed/MEDLINEComparable age rangeChild abuse evaluationsChild abuse consultationsHumeral fracturesPediatric patientsCommon injuriesConsensus panelRoutine evaluationSignificant causeEvidence-based frameworkFinal analysisChild abuseAge rangePreverbal childrenMonthsVehicle collisionsYoung childrenChanges in pediatric emergency department visits for mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic: A cross-sectional study
Leff RA, Setzer E, Cicero MX, Auerbach M. Changes in pediatric emergency department visits for mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic: A cross-sectional study. Clinical Child Psychology And Psychiatry 2020, 26: 33-38. PMID: 33183097, DOI: 10.1177/1359104520972453.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsPediatric emergency departmentMental health disordersCross-sectional studyHealth disordersPatient demographicsEmergency departmentMental health-related diagnosisEarly COVID-19 pandemic periodMental healthCoordination of careHealth-related diagnosesBehavioral health disordersMental health conditionsMental health care provisionCOVID-19 pandemicElectronic medical recordsWarrants further studyMode of arrivalHealth care provisionDelayed PresentationED dispositionPre-pandemic periodInsurance statusPatient genderMedical recordsCOVID-19
Isba R, Edge R, Auerbach M, Cicero MX, Jenner R, Setzer E, Broughton E, Keegan T. COVID-19. Pediatric Emergency Care 2020, 36: 10.1097/pec.0000000000002260. PMID: 32925702, PMCID: PMC7493767, DOI: 10.1097/pec.0000000000002260.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsChildren's HospitalPaediatric emergency department attendancesYale-New Haven Children's HospitalRoyal Manchester Children's HospitalAcuity of illnessSARS-CoV-2/COVIDEmergency department attendancesOdds of admissionManchester Children's HospitalLikelihood of admissionCross-sectional studyDepartment attendancesOdds ratioWeek 13Week 1HospitalAdmissionAbsolute numberCOVID-19ChildrenAdolescentsAttendanceAttendance numbersAcuityIllness
2019
Early Involvement of the Child Protection Team in the Care of Injured Infants in a Pediatric Emergency Department
Powers E, Tiyyagura G, Asnes AG, Leventhal JM, Moles R, Christison-Lagay E, Groisberg S, Auerbach M. Early Involvement of the Child Protection Team in the Care of Injured Infants in a Pediatric Emergency Department. Journal Of Emergency Medicine 2019, 56: 592-600. PMID: 30879856, DOI: 10.1016/j.jemermed.2019.01.030.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsChild protection teamPediatric emergency departmentEmergency departmentClinical pathwayProtection teamEvaluation of infantsEarly involvementMonths of ageInfant morbidityAbusive injuriesSignificant causeDiagnostic testingInjuryInfantsPrivate insuranceSocioeconomic disparitiesChild protective servicesEarly detectionDiagnostic studiesConsultationPhysical abuseMonthsAbuseProtective servicesInvolvementOral injuries in children less than 24 months of age in a pediatric emergency department
Woolf SM, Leventhal JM, Gaither JR, Hardikar P, Langhan ML, Bechtel K, Auerbach MA, Tiyyagura G. Oral injuries in children less than 24 months of age in a pediatric emergency department. Child Abuse & Neglect 2019, 89: 70-77. PMID: 30639971, DOI: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2019.01.006.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsPediatric emergency departmentOral injuriesChief complaintEmergency departmentAbuse evaluationsTertiary care pediatric emergency departmentMedical chief complaintsMonths old presentingPediatric emergency medicine physiciansProspective observational studyComplete oral examinationEmergency medicine physiciansMonths of ageYoung childrenOld presentingPatient demographicsInjury detailsChildren 12Children 0Observational studyOral examinationMedicine physiciansNon-mobile childrenInjuryPatientsA Qualitative Study Examining Stakeholder Perspectives of a Local Child Abuse Program in Community Emergency Departments
Tiyyagura G, Schaeffer P, Gawel M, Leventhal JM, Auerbach M, Asnes AG. A Qualitative Study Examining Stakeholder Perspectives of a Local Child Abuse Program in Community Emergency Departments. Academic Pediatrics 2019, 19: 438-445. PMID: 30707955, PMCID: PMC6502662, DOI: 10.1016/j.acap.2019.01.006.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsLocal championsCAN programStakeholder perspectivesChild abuse programsQualitative research designKey stakeholder perspectivesExternal change agentsConstant comparative methodEducation/awarenessChallenges/barriersStrong leadership supportLeadership supportChild abuseInstitutional supportChange agentsQualitative studyFacilitators of implementationEvidence-based educationProgram strengthsChampionsComparative methodResearch designPerspectiveSupportAbuse programs
2018
Adherence to Pediatric Cardiac Arrest Guidelines Across a Spectrum of Fifty Emergency Departments: A Prospective, In Situ, Simulation‐based Study
Auerbach M, Brown L, Whitfill T, Baird J, Abulebda K, Bhatnagar A, Lutfi R, Gawel M, Walsh B, Tay KY, Lavoie M, Nadkarni V, Dudas R, Kessler D, Katznelson J, Ganghadaran S, Hamilton MF. Adherence to Pediatric Cardiac Arrest Guidelines Across a Spectrum of Fifty Emergency Departments: A Prospective, In Situ, Simulation‐based Study. Academic Emergency Medicine 2018, 25: 1396-1408. PMID: 30194902, DOI: 10.1111/acem.13564.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsPulseless electrical activityCardiac arrest guidelinesBasic life supportLower-volume EDsPediatric patient volumePatient volumeCardiac arrestPediatric volumeAdherence scoreVentricular fibrillationVolume groupHospital cardiac arrest survival outcomesProvider experiencePediatric Advanced Life Support trainingAdvanced life support trainingBetter guideline adherenceLow pediatric volumeTotal adherence scoreHigh-volume hospitalsHospital-level characteristicsTrauma center designationMore providersLower mortality rateHospital-level dataCare of childrenA Simulation-Based Quality Improvement Initiative Improves Pediatric Readiness in Community Hospitals
Whitfill T, Gawel M, Auerbach M. A Simulation-Based Quality Improvement Initiative Improves Pediatric Readiness in Community Hospitals. Pediatric Emergency Care 2018, 34: 431-435. PMID: 28719479, DOI: 10.1097/pec.0000000000001233.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsPediatric patient careEmergency departmentPediatric readinessPatient safety initiativesQuality improvement activitiesPediatric equipmentConnecticut hospitalsHospital teamPatient carePRS scoresReadiness scoresCardiac arrest guidelinesCommunity emergency departmentsUS emergency departmentsQuality improvement initiativesSafety initiativesQuality Improvement ProgramSepsis guidelinesPrimary outcomeComposite quality scoreCommunity hospitalResuscitative careResuscitation bayNurse staffingHospitalEmergency Care for Children in the United States: Epidemiology and Trends Over Time
Whitfill T, Auerbach M, Scherzer DJ, Shi J, Xiang H, Stanley RM. Emergency Care for Children in the United States: Epidemiology and Trends Over Time. Journal Of Emergency Medicine 2018, 55: 423-434. PMID: 29793812, DOI: 10.1016/j.jemermed.2018.04.019.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsLower-volume EDsPediatric ED visitsED visitsPediatric visitsEmergency careInterhospital transferPediatric volumeUtilization Project Nationwide Emergency Department SampleNationwide Emergency Department SampleSelf-pay insuranceEmergency Department SampleHigh-volume EDsEmergency care systemLower mortality rateMajority of childrenEmergency department volumeMedicaid insuranceHospital characteristicsGastrointestinal diseasesPediatric careEpidemiological trendsRespiratory diseaseCommon reasonMortality rateTotal visits
2017
Pediatric Emergency Medicine Simulation Curriculum: Submersion Injury With Hypothermia and Ventricular Fibrillation
Thomas A, Sanseau E, Uspal N, Burns R, Auerbach M, Caglar D, Stone K, Reid J. Pediatric Emergency Medicine Simulation Curriculum: Submersion Injury With Hypothermia and Ventricular Fibrillation. MedEdPORTAL 2017, 13: 10643. PMID: 30800844, PMCID: PMC6338133, DOI: 10.15766/mep_2374-8265.10643.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsSubmersion injuryVentricular fibrillationCardiac arrhythmiasSubsequent cardiac arrhythmiasInadequate oxygen deliveryCold-water submersionAirway protectionFurther decompensationIntravenous accessPediatric mortalityPreventable causeOxygen deliveryInjuryStandardized fashionSeparate occasionsHypothermiaSimulation-based curriculumFibrillationArrhythmiasTrainee levelCorrect stepsSimulation curriculumOverall positive learning experienceDecompensationMorbidityThe association of nonaccidental trauma with historical factors, examination findings, and diagnostic testing during the initial trauma evaluation
Escobar MA, Flynn-O'Brien K, Auerbach M, Tiyyagura G, Borgman MA, Duffy SJ, Falcone KS, Burke RV, Cox JM, Maguire SA. The association of nonaccidental trauma with historical factors, examination findings, and diagnostic testing during the initial trauma evaluation. Journal Of Trauma And Acute Care Surgery 2017, 82: 1147-1157. PMID: 28520688, DOI: 10.1097/ta.0000000000001441.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchComparing Practice Patterns Between Pediatric and General Emergency Medicine Physicians
Chime NO, Katznelson J, Gangadharan S, Walsh B, Lobner K, Brown L, Gawel M, Auerbach M. Comparing Practice Patterns Between Pediatric and General Emergency Medicine Physicians. Pediatric Emergency Care 2017, 33: 278-286. PMID: 28355170, DOI: 10.1097/pec.0000000000000557.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsPractice patternsGeneral emergency medicine physiciansEmergency medicine-trained physiciansFinal analysisManagement of feverProcess of careEmergency medicine physiciansType of carePediatric emergency medicine trainingInitial literature searchDiabetic ketoacidosisFebrile seizuresIll infantsEmergency departmentMedication administrationInclusion criteriaExclusion criteriaMedicine physiciansLiterature searchPhysiciansDiagnostic studiesEmergency medicine trainingRobust studiesCarePEM training
2016
Development of a Child Abuse Checklist to Evaluate Prehospital Provider Performance
Alphonso A, Auerbach M, Bechtel K, Bilodeau K, Gawel M, Koziel J, Whitfill T, Tiyyagura GK. Development of a Child Abuse Checklist to Evaluate Prehospital Provider Performance. Prehospital Emergency Care 2016, 21: 222-232. PMID: 27700209, DOI: 10.1080/10903127.2016.1229824.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsInter-rater reliabilityClinical experiencePrehospital providersLight's kappaEmergency medical services (EMS) providersCronbach's alphaAuthors' clinical experienceOverall Cronbach's alphaOverall inter-rater reliabilityInternal consistencyChild abuseSubstantial inter-rater reliabilityDelphi review processStrong content validityMedical service providersSemi-structured qualitative interviewsFinal checklistSelf-reported confidenceProvider experienceParticipant characteristicsItem completionLevel of trainingDelphi reviewContent validityProvider performance
2014
In Situ Pediatric Trauma Simulation
Auerbach M, Roney L, Aysseh A, Gawel M, Koziel J, Barre K, Caty MG, Santucci K. In Situ Pediatric Trauma Simulation. Pediatric Emergency Care 2014, 30: 884-891. PMID: 25407035, DOI: 10.1097/pec.0000000000000297.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchCreation and Delphi-method Refinement of Pediatric Disaster Triage Simulations
Cicero MX, Brown L, Overly F, Yarzebski J, Meckler G, Fuchs S, Tomassoni A, Aghababian R, Chung S, Garrett A, Fagbuyi D, Adelgais K, Goldman R, Parker J, Auerbach M, Riera A, Cone D, Baum CR. Creation and Delphi-method Refinement of Pediatric Disaster Triage Simulations. Prehospital Emergency Care 2014, 18: 282-289. PMID: 24401167, DOI: 10.3109/10903127.2013.856505.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsTriage levelSpecial health care needsHealth care needsPDT strategySchool bus crashModified Delphi processPediatric victimsPatient incidentsDelphi consensusTriage categoryGunshot woundsSimilar acuityGlobal assessmentAppropriate interventionsLow fidelity manikinsDelphi processHigh-fidelity manikinEvaluation toolOnline survey toolPatientsStandardized patients
2012
Ketamine, Propofol, and Ketofol Use for Pediatric Sedation
Alletag MJ, Auerbach MA, Baum CR. Ketamine, Propofol, and Ketofol Use for Pediatric Sedation. Pediatric Emergency Care 2012, 28: 1391-1395. PMID: 23222112, DOI: 10.1097/pec.0b013e318276fde2.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdolescentAmnesiaAnalgesiaAnalgesics, Non-NarcoticAnesthetics, DissociativeAntiemeticsAnxietyChildChild, PreschoolConscious SedationContraindicationsDrug CombinationsEmergency Medical ServicesHallucinationsHemodynamicsHumansHypnotics and SedativesInfantInfusions, IntravenousInjections, IntramuscularKetamineNauseaPainPropofolPsychomotor AgitationRespiration DisordersVomitingAn Intervention to Improve Pain Management in the Pediatric Emergency Department
Corwin DJ, Kessler DO, Auerbach M, Liang A, Kristinsson G. An Intervention to Improve Pain Management in the Pediatric Emergency Department. Pediatric Emergency Care 2012, 28: 524-528. PMID: 22653457, DOI: 10.1097/pec.0b013e3182587d27.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsPediatric emergency departmentReassessment of painEmergency departmentPain managementUrban tertiary care pediatric emergency departmentTertiary care pediatric emergency departmentStructured interventionIntervention data collectionPercentage of patientsPrevention of painChild life specialistsPercentage of childrenPeriprocedural analgesiaAnalgesic administrationMedian timePain assessmentPreintervention periodPatient satisfactionPostintervention periodProvider educationMedication administrationChildhood emergenciesPainLife specialistsMultidisciplinary committee