2024
Randomized Phase II Trial of Imiquimod with or without 9-Valent HPV Vaccine versus Observation in Patients with High-grade Pre-neoplastic Cervical Lesions (NCT02864147)
Sheth S, Oh J, Bellone S, Siegel E, Greenman M, Mutlu L, McNamara B, Pathy S, Clark M, Azodi M, Altwerger G, Andikyan V, Huang G, Ratner E, Kim D, Iwasaki A, Levi A, Buza N, Hui P, Flaherty S, Schwartz P, Santin A. Randomized Phase II Trial of Imiquimod with or without 9-Valent HPV Vaccine versus Observation in Patients with High-grade Pre-neoplastic Cervical Lesions (NCT02864147). Clinical Cancer Research 2024, 30: of1-of10. PMID: 38592381, DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-23-3639.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsRandomized phase II trialCD4/CD8 T cellsT cellsHPV clearanceArm BNo significant differenceClinical surveillanceRate of HPV clearanceSecondary outcomesPre-neoplastic cervical lesionsCervical intraepithelial neoplasiaT cell infiltrationT cell responsesSignificant differenceCIN3 patientsIntraepithelial neoplasiaArm ACervical lesionsImiquimod groupSurveillance armVaginal suppositoriesProspective trialsArm CHPV vaccinationImiquimod
2023
In Vivo and In Vitro Efficacy of Trastuzumab Deruxtecan in Uterine Serous Carcinoma.
Mutlu L, Manavella D, Bellone S, McNamara B, Harold J, Mauricio D, Siegel E, Buza N, Hui P, Hartwich T, Yang-Hartwich Y, Demirkiran C, Verzosa M, Altwerger G, Ratner E, Huang G, Clark M, Andikyan V, Azodi M, Dottino P, Schwartz P, Santin A. In Vivo and In Vitro Efficacy of Trastuzumab Deruxtecan in Uterine Serous Carcinoma. Molecular Cancer Therapeutics 2023, 22: 1404-1412. PMID: 37676984, DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-23-0126.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsUterine serous carcinomaAntibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicityT-DXdUSC patientsUSC cell linesTrastuzumab deruxtecanSerous carcinomaHER2 expressionClinical trialsRecurrent uterine serous carcinomaTopoisomerase I inhibitor payloadSignificant antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicityCell linesMultiple tumor indicationsPrimary USC cell linesLow HER2 expressionFuture clinical trialsHigh recurrence ratePeripheral blood lymphocytesERBB2 gene amplificationGrowth suppressionHER2-overexpressing cell linesTumor growth suppressionOverall survivalStandard chemotherapyHyperthermic Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy in Ovarian Cancer
Gelissen J, Adjei N, McNamara B, Mutlu L, Harold J, Clark M, Altwerger G, Dottino P, Huang G, Santin A, Azodi M, Ratner E, Schwartz P, Andikyan V. Hyperthermic Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy in Ovarian Cancer. Annals Of Surgical Oncology 2023, 30: 5597-5609. PMID: 37358686, DOI: 10.1245/s10434-023-13757-0.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsHyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapyIntraperitoneal chemotherapyOvarian cancerStage III epithelial ovarian cancerUse of HIPECEpithelial ovarian cancerHigh-quality evidenceOvarian cancer treatmentHIPEC useInterval cytoreductionCytoreductive surgeryNeoadjuvant chemotherapyPerioperative careHIPEC protocolsHIPEC techniqueTreatment modalitiesPatient outcomesSingle administrationTumor disseminationChemotherapyCancerCancer treatmentOptimal candidatesMain siteLife dataUterine leiomyosarcomas harboring MAP2K4 gene amplification are sensitive in vivo to PLX8725, a novel MAP2K4 inhibitor
McNamara B, Harold J, Manavella D, Bellone S, Mutlu L, Hartwich T, Zipponi M, Yang-Hartwich Y, Demirkiran C, Verzosa M, Yang K, Choi J, Dong W, Buza N, Hui P, Altwerger G, Huang G, Andikyan V, Clark M, Ratner E, Azodi M, Schwartz P, Burton E, Inagaki H, Albers A, Zhang C, Bollag G, Schlessinger J, Santin A. Uterine leiomyosarcomas harboring MAP2K4 gene amplification are sensitive in vivo to PLX8725, a novel MAP2K4 inhibitor. Gynecologic Oncology 2023, 172: 65-71. PMID: 36958197, PMCID: PMC10192120, DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2023.03.009.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsUterine leiomyosarcomaPDX modelsGain of functionMedian overall survivalPhase I trialOral gavage dailyVivo activityTumor growth inhibitionTumor volume differencesTumor cell proliferationOverall survivalTolerable toxicityI trialOral treatmentTreatment cohortsGavage dailyAggressive tumorsSCID miceULMS patientsPK studiesTumor samplesWestern blotCell proliferationControl vehicleLeiomyosarcomaThe Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitor olaparib and pan-ErbB inhibitor neratinib are highly synergistic in HER2 overexpressing epithelial ovarian carcinoma in vitro and in vivo
Han C, McNamara B, Bellone S, Harold J, Manara P, Hartwich T, Mutlu L, Yang-Hartwich Y, Zipponi M, Demirkiran C, Verzosa M, Altwerger G, Ratner E, Huang G, Clark M, Andikyan V, Azodi M, Dottino P, Schwartz P, Santin A. The Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitor olaparib and pan-ErbB inhibitor neratinib are highly synergistic in HER2 overexpressing epithelial ovarian carcinoma in vitro and in vivo. Gynecologic Oncology 2023, 170: 172-178. PMID: 36706643, PMCID: PMC10023457, DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2023.01.015.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsCombination of olaparibOvarian cancerHER2 expressionSingle agentCell linesGynecologic cancer mortalityHER2-negative tumorsOvarian cancer cell linesOvarian cancer patientsEpithelial ovarian carcinomaNovel therapeutic optionsOC cell linesUnmet medical needPoly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitorsPan-ErbB inhibitorSingle-agent olaparibPolymerase inhibitor olaparibPoly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitor olaparibPrimary HER2Cancer cell linesNegative tumorsTherapeutic optionsCancer mortalityCancer patientsNeu expressionTrastuzumab deruxtecan (DS-8201a), a HER2-targeting antibody–drug conjugate with topoisomerase I inhibitor payload, shows antitumor activity in uterine and ovarian carcinosarcoma with HER2/neu expression
Mauricio D, Bellone S, Mutlu L, McNamara B, Manavella D, Demirkiran C, Verzosa M, Buza N, Hui P, Hartwich T, Harold J, Yang-Hartwich Y, Zipponi M, Altwerger G, Ratner E, Huang G, Clark M, Andikyan V, Azodi M, Schwartz P, Santin A. Trastuzumab deruxtecan (DS-8201a), a HER2-targeting antibody–drug conjugate with topoisomerase I inhibitor payload, shows antitumor activity in uterine and ovarian carcinosarcoma with HER2/neu expression. Gynecologic Oncology 2023, 170: 38-45. PMID: 36610380, PMCID: PMC10445234, DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2022.12.018.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsHER2/neu expressionDS-8201aAntibody-drug conjugatesNeu expressionCS cell linesTrastuzumab deruxtecanOvarian carcinosarcomaTopoisomerase I inhibitor payloadCell linesAggressive gynecologic malignancyLimited therapeutic optionsEffective antibody-drug conjugatesCarcinosarcoma cell lineGynecologic malignanciesTherapeutic optionsIsotype controlSarcomatous elementsXenograft modelBystander killingFlow cytometryTumor cellsCarcinosarcomaAntitumor activityVivo studiesVivo activityWhat role does adjuvant therapy play in the management of endometrial cancer?
Huang G, Tymon-Rosario J, Santin A. What role does adjuvant therapy play in the management of endometrial cancer? Expert Opinion On Pharmacotherapy 2023, 24: 7-10. PMID: 36594708, DOI: 10.1080/14656566.2022.2157207.Peer-Reviewed Reviews, Practice Guidelines, Standards, and Consensus Statements
2022
Ovarian and uterine carcinosarcomas are sensitive in vitro and in vivo to elimusertib, a novel ataxia-telangiectasia and Rad3-related (ATR) kinase inhibitor
Manavella D, McNamara B, Harold J, Bellone S, Hartwich T, Yang-Hartwich Y, Mutlu L, Zipponi M, Demirkiran C, Verzosa M, Altwerger G, Ratner E, Huang G, Clark M, Andikyan V, Azodi M, Schwartz P, Dottino P, Choi J, Alexandrov L, Buza N, Hui P, Santin A. Ovarian and uterine carcinosarcomas are sensitive in vitro and in vivo to elimusertib, a novel ataxia-telangiectasia and Rad3-related (ATR) kinase inhibitor. Gynecologic Oncology 2022, 169: 98-105. PMID: 36525930, PMCID: PMC9925406, DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2022.12.003.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsHomologous recombination deficiencyCS cell linesCell linesWestern blotKinase inhibitorsOverall animal survivalProtein expressionDose-dependent increaseDose-dependent inhibitionCarcinosarcoma cell lineTumor growth inhibitionCaspase-3 expressionEndometrioid histologyAggressive malignancyUterine carcinosarcomaCS patientsPreclinical activityClinical trialsEpithelial componentAnimal survivalXenograftsApoptosis markersRecombination deficiencyP-ATRP-Chk1Elimusertib (BAY1895344), a novel ATR inhibitor, demonstrates in vivo activity in ATRX mutated models of uterine leiomyosarcoma
Harold J, Bellone S, Manavella D, Mutlu L, McNamara B, Hartwich T, Zipponi M, Yang-Hartwich Y, Demirkiran C, Verzosa M, Choi J, Dong W, Buza N, Hui P, Altwerger G, Huang G, Andikyan V, Clark M, Ratner E, Azodi M, Schwartz P, Santin A. Elimusertib (BAY1895344), a novel ATR inhibitor, demonstrates in vivo activity in ATRX mutated models of uterine leiomyosarcoma. Gynecologic Oncology 2022, 168: 157-165. PMID: 36442427, PMCID: PMC9797429, DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2022.11.014.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsPatient-derived xenograftsUterine leiomyosarcomaVivo activityVehicle control treatmentMedian overall survivalTumor volume differencesOral scheduleWestern blot analysisOverall survivalOral gavageAggressive malignancyPDX modelsClinical trialsSCID miceTumor measurementsULMS patientsSignificant growth inhibitionNovel ATR inhibitorTumor samplesSignificant toxicityWestern blotKinase inhibitorsATRX mutationsGene mutationsControl vehicleSynergistic activity of neratinib in combination with olaparib in uterine serous carcinoma overexpressing HER2/neu
Yadav G, Roque DM, Bellone S, Manavella DD, Hartwich TMP, Zipponi M, Harold J, Tymon-Rosario J, Mutlu L, Altwerger G, Menderes G, Ratner E, Buza N, Hui P, Huang GS, Andikyan V, Clark M, Azodi M, Schwartz PE, Alexandrov LB, Santin AD. Synergistic activity of neratinib in combination with olaparib in uterine serous carcinoma overexpressing HER2/neu. Gynecologic Oncology 2022, 166: 351-357. PMID: 35641325, DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2022.05.021.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsUterine serous carcinomaHER2/neu expressionHER2/neuCombination of olaparibUSC xenograftsUSC cell linesNeu expressionSerous carcinomaLow HER2/neu expressionHER2/neu 3Cell linesHER2/neu gene amplificationNovel therapeutic optionsPolymerase inhibitor olaparibNeu gene amplificationDurable growth inhibitionNeratinib treatmentUSC cellsUSC patientsEndometrial cancerAggressive variantTherapeutic optionsPoor prognosisHER2/Single agentHomologous recombination deficiency (HRD) signature-3 in ovarian and uterine carcinosarcomas correlates with preclinical sensitivity to Olaparib, a poly (adenosine diphosphate [ADP]- ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitor
Tymon-Rosario JR, Manara P, Manavella DD, Bellone S, Hartwich TMP, Harold J, Yang-Hartwich Y, Zipponi M, Choi J, Jeong K, Mutlu L, Yang K, Altwerger G, Menderes G, Ratner E, Huang GS, Clark M, Andikyan V, Azodi M, Schwartz PE, Alexandrov LB, Santin AD. Homologous recombination deficiency (HRD) signature-3 in ovarian and uterine carcinosarcomas correlates with preclinical sensitivity to Olaparib, a poly (adenosine diphosphate [ADP]- ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitor. Gynecologic Oncology 2022, 166: 117-125. PMID: 35599167, DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2022.05.005.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsUterine carcinosarcomaCS cell linesSignature 3Cell linesPolymerase inhibitorsOverall animal survivalFresh tumor samplesPoly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitorsXenograft tumor growthG2/M phaseAggressive malignancyCS patientsPrimary tumorCell cycle arrestPrimary cell linesPoor survivalClinical studiesPreclinical sensitivityCarcinosarcomaTumor growthAnimal survivalOlaparib activityTumor samplesOlaparibAntitumor activityRandomised phase II trial of weekly ixabepilone ± biweekly bevacizumab for platinum-resistant or refractory ovarian/fallopian tube/primary peritoneal cancer
Roque DM, Siegel ER, Buza N, Bellone S, Silasi DA, Huang GS, Andikyan V, Clark M, Azodi M, Schwartz PE, Rao GG, Reader JC, Hui P, Tymon-Rosario JR, Harold J, Mauricio D, Zeybek B, Menderes G, Altwerger G, Ratner E, Santin AD. Randomised phase II trial of weekly ixabepilone ± biweekly bevacizumab for platinum-resistant or refractory ovarian/fallopian tube/primary peritoneal cancer. British Journal Of Cancer 2022, 126: 1695-1703. PMID: 35149854, PMCID: PMC8853032, DOI: 10.1038/s41416-022-01717-6.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsPrimary peritoneal cancerPeritoneal cancerPredictive biomarkersDay 1Taxane-resistant ovarian cancerPhase II trialM2 days 1Bevacizumab 10Evaluable patientsPrior bevacizumabWeekly ixabepiloneII trialPrimary endpointSecondary endpointsRefractory statusTUBB3 expressionPrior receiptSubgroup analysisClinical trialsOvarian cancerIxabepilonePFSCancerBevacizumabPatients
2021
A phase 2 evaluation of pembrolizumab for recurrent Lynch‐like versus sporadic endometrial cancers with microsatellite instability
Bellone S, Roque DM, Siegel ER, Buza N, Hui P, Bonazzoli E, Guglielmi A, Zammataro L, Nagarkatti N, Zaidi S, Lee J, Silasi D, Huang GS, Andikyan V, Damast S, Clark M, Azodi M, Schwartz PE, Tymon‐Rosario J, Harold JA, Mauricio D, Zeybek B, Menderes G, Altwerger G, Ratner E, Alexandrov LB, Iwasaki A, Kong Y, Song E, Dong W, Elvin JA, Choi J, Santin AD. A phase 2 evaluation of pembrolizumab for recurrent Lynch‐like versus sporadic endometrial cancers with microsatellite instability. Cancer 2021, 128: 1206-1218. PMID: 34875107, PMCID: PMC9465822, DOI: 10.1002/cncr.34025.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsObjective response rateImmune checkpoint inhibitorsProgression-free survivalEndometrial cancerWhole-exome sequencingSporadic endometrial cancerOverall survivalEnd pointPhase 2 pilot studyPrimary end pointSecondary end pointsTumor mutation burdenPhase 2 evaluationLarger confirmatory studiesAntigen processing/presentationProcessing/presentationCheckpoint inhibitorsSurgical resectionICI resistanceDMMR patientsPrognostic significanceDMMR tumorsMechanisms of resistanceLocal treatmentSporadic MSIFinancial toxicity in patients with gynecologic malignancies: a cross sectional study
Zeybek B, Webster E, Pogosian N, Tymon-Rosario J, Balch A, Altwerger G, Clark M, Menderes G, Huang G, Azodi M, Ratner ES, Schwartz PE, Santin AD, Andikyan V. Financial toxicity in patients with gynecologic malignancies: a cross sectional study. Journal Of Gynecologic Oncology 2021, 32: e87. PMID: 34431257, PMCID: PMC8550931, DOI: 10.3802/jgo.2021.32.e87.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsCross-sectional studyGynecologic malignanciesFinancial toxicityPatient demographicsSectional studyMalignancy typeGynecologic oncology patientsOvarian cancer patientsPatient/diseaseCost of careFinancial burdenHigh financial burdenTreatment regimenHigh financial toxicityOncology patientsDisease characteristicsGynecologic cancerCancer careCancer patientsRisk factorsClinical trialsCOST scoreMedian COST scorePatientsSignificant burdenPrognostic impact of mismatch repair deficiency in high- and low-intermediate-risk, early-stage endometrial cancer following vaginal brachytherapy
Li JY, Park HS, Huang GS, Young MR, Ratner E, Santin A, Damast S. Prognostic impact of mismatch repair deficiency in high- and low-intermediate-risk, early-stage endometrial cancer following vaginal brachytherapy. Gynecologic Oncology 2021, 163: 557-562. PMID: 34602287, DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2021.09.018.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsRecurrence-free survivalEndometrioid endometrial cancerVaginal brachytherapyPMMR patientsOverall survivalEEC patientsEndometrial cancerExact testThree-year recurrence-free survivalEarly-stage endometrial cancerCox proportional hazards regressionPoor recurrence-free survivalAdjuvant vaginal brachytherapyThree-year OSMultivariable Cox regressionLympho-vascular invasionSignificant prognostic variablesProportional hazards regressionLog-rank testKaplan-Meier estimatesDeficient mismatch repairMismatch repair statusFisher's exact testMismatch repair deficiencyDMMR statusDHES0815A, a novel antibody-drug conjugate targeting HER2/neu, is highly active against uterine serous carcinomas in vitro and in vivo
Tymon-Rosario J, Bonazzoli E, Bellone S, Manzano A, Pelligra S, Guglielmi A, Gnutti B, Nagarkatti N, Zeybek B, Manara P, Zammataro L, Harold J, Mauricio D, Buza N, Hui P, Altwerger G, Menderes G, Ratner E, Clark M, Andikyan V, Huang GS, Silasi DA, Azodi M, Schwartz PE, Santin AD. DHES0815A, a novel antibody-drug conjugate targeting HER2/neu, is highly active against uterine serous carcinomas in vitro and in vivo. Gynecologic Oncology 2021, 163: 334-341. PMID: 34452746, PMCID: PMC8722447, DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2021.08.014.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdultAgedAged, 80 and overAntibodies, Monoclonal, HumanizedBenzodiazepinesBystander EffectCell Line, TumorCystadenocarcinoma, SerousDrug Resistance, NeoplasmFemaleHumansImmunoconjugatesMiddle AgedPrimary Cell CultureReceptor, ErbB-2TrastuzumabUterine NeoplasmsXenograft Model Antitumor AssaysConceptsHER2/neuPrimary USC cell linesUSC cell linesUterine serous carcinomaSerous carcinomaHER2/Cell linesBystander killingHER2/neu protein expressionHER2/neu overexpressionProtein expressionNovel treatment optionsAggressive histologic variantNeu protein expressionHER2 protein expressionC-erbB2 gene amplificationSignificant bystander killingUSC xenograftsEndometrial cancerNegative tumorsPoor prognosisPositive tumorsTreatment optionsPreclinical activityHistologic variantsTrastuzumab tolerability in the treatment of advanced (stage III-IV) or recurrent uterine serous carcinomas that overexpress HER2/neu
Tymon-Rosario J, Siegel ER, Bellone S, Harold J, Adjei N, Zeybek B, Mauricio D, Altwerger G, Menderes G, Ratner E, Clark M, Andikyan V, Huang GS, Azodi M, Schwartz PE, Fader AN, Santin AD. Trastuzumab tolerability in the treatment of advanced (stage III-IV) or recurrent uterine serous carcinomas that overexpress HER2/neu. Gynecologic Oncology 2021, 163: 93-99. PMID: 34372971, PMCID: PMC8721852, DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2021.07.033.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsUterine serous carcinomaRecurrent uterine serous carcinomaAdverse eventsTreatment armsSerous carcinomaExperimental armToxicity profileTreatment-related adverse eventsTrastuzumab maintenance therapyCarboplatin/paclitaxelCardiac adverse eventsEndometrial cancer patientsGastrointestinal adverse eventsManageable toxicity profilePhase II trialEfficacy of trastuzumabSystem organ classII trialMaintenance therapyPrimary endpointSecondary endpointsMaintenance treatmentSafety profileCancer patientsCumulative toxicityA phase II evaluation of pembrolizumab in recurrent microsatellite instability-high (MSI-H) endometrial cancer patients with Lynch-like versus MLH-1 methylated characteristics (NCT02899793)
Bellone S, Roque DM, Siegel ER, Buza N, Hui P, Bonazzoli E, Guglielmi A, Zammataro L, Nagarkatti N, Zaidi S, Lee J, Silasi D, Huang GS, Andikyan V, Damast S, Clark M, Azodi M, Schwartz PE, Tymon-Rosario J, Harold J, Mauricio D, Zeybek B, Menderes G, Altwerger G, Ratner E, Alexandrov LB, Iwasaki A, Kong Y, Song E, Dong W, Elvin J, Choi J, Santin AD. A phase II evaluation of pembrolizumab in recurrent microsatellite instability-high (MSI-H) endometrial cancer patients with Lynch-like versus MLH-1 methylated characteristics (NCT02899793). Annals Of Oncology 2021, 32: 1045-1046. PMID: 33932502, PMCID: PMC9465821, DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2021.04.013.Commentaries, Editorials and LettersIntegrated mutational landscape analysis of uterine leiomyosarcomas
Choi J, Manzano A, Dong W, Bellone S, Bonazzoli E, Zammataro L, Yao X, Deshpande A, Zaidi S, Guglielmi A, Gnutti B, Nagarkatti N, Tymon-Rosario JR, Harold J, Mauricio D, Zeybek B, Menderes G, Altwerger G, Jeong K, Zhao S, Buza N, Hui P, Ravaggi A, Bignotti E, Romani C, Todeschini P, Zanotti L, Odicino F, Pecorelli S, Ardighieri L, Bilguvar K, Quick CM, Silasi DA, Huang GS, Andikyan V, Clark M, Ratner E, Azodi M, Imielinski M, Schwartz PE, Alexandrov LB, Lifton RP, Schlessinger J, Santin AD. Integrated mutational landscape analysis of uterine leiomyosarcomas. Proceedings Of The National Academy Of Sciences Of The United States Of America 2021, 118: e2025182118. PMID: 33876771, PMCID: PMC8053980, DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2025182118.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsHomologous recombination DNA repair deficiencySequencing dataWhole-genome sequencing dataRNA sequencing dataTCGA samplesCopy number variation analysisATRX/DAXXCopy number lossNumber variation analysisDNA repair deficiencyWhole-exome sequencing dataRecurrent somatic mutationsCopy number gainsCancer Genome AtlasPatient-derived xenograftsTumor suppressorAkt geneGenetic landscapeHRD signaturesPTEN geneGenesMost fusionsC-MycMutational signaturesC-myc/Sex Hormones, Insulin, and Insulin-like Growth Factors in Recurrence of High-Stage Endometrial CancerSex Hormones and Insulin in Endometrial Cancer Recurrence
Merritt MA, Strickler HD, Hutson AD, Einstein MH, Rohan TE, Xue X, Sherman ME, Brinton LA, Yu H, Miller DS, Ramirez NC, Lankes HA, Birrer MJ, Huang GS, Gunter MJ. Sex Hormones, Insulin, and Insulin-like Growth Factors in Recurrence of High-Stage Endometrial CancerSex Hormones and Insulin in Endometrial Cancer Recurrence. Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention 2021, 30: 719-726. PMID: 33622671, PMCID: PMC8026669, DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-20-1613.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsEndometrial cancer recurrenceSex hormonesEndometrial cancerProgesterone receptorCancer recurrenceInsulin/insulin-like growth factor axisRecurrence riskInsulin-like growth factor (IGF) axisInsulin-like growth factorGynecologic Oncology GroupProgression-free survivalEndometrial adenocarcinoma patientsIGF-binding proteinsFuture clinical trialsGrowth factor axisConfidence intervalsIR/IGF1RAdjuvant therapyER positivityIGFBP-3Oncology GroupProspective cohortAdenocarcinoma patientsPretreatment specimensSerum concentrations