2004
Effectiveness Over Time of Varicella Vaccine
Vázquez M, LaRussa PS, Gershon AA, Niccolai LM, Muehlenbein CE, Steinberg SP, Shapiro ED. Effectiveness Over Time of Varicella Vaccine. JAMA 2004, 291: 851-855. PMID: 14970064, DOI: 10.1001/jama.291.7.851.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsTime of vaccinationVaricella vaccineVaccine effectivenessCase subjectsPolymerase chain reaction test resultsVaricella-zoster virus DNACase-control studyReaction test resultsReports of outbreaksFirst yearBreakthrough diseaseImmunized groupsActive surveillancePossible confoundersPediatric practiceVaccinationVaccineVirus DNAMonthsMost casesGroup practiceChickenpoxAgeYear 2Year 1
2001
Position for Newborn Sleep: Associations with Parents' Perceptions of Their Nursery Experience
Colson E, Bergman D, Shapiro E, Leventhal J. Position for Newborn Sleep: Associations with Parents' Perceptions of Their Nursery Experience. Birth 2001, 28: 249-253. PMID: 11903213, DOI: 10.1046/j.1523-536x.2001.00249.x.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsSupine positionSudden infant death syndromeUrban primary care centerPrimary care centersWell-child visitsInfant death syndromeCause of deathCurrent American AcademyInfant sleeping positionPercent of parentsPostpartum hospitalInner-city parentsHealthy infantsPostpartum periodProne positionCare centerPediatrics recommendationsDeath syndromeInner-city settingsNewborn sleepSleeping positionInfant sleepInfantsAmerican AcademyPostpartum experiencesThe Effectiveness of the Varicella Vaccine in Clinical Practice
Vázquez M, LaRussa P, Gershon A, Steinberg S, Freudigman K, Shapiro E. The Effectiveness of the Varicella Vaccine in Clinical Practice. New England Journal Of Medicine 2001, 344: 955-960. PMID: 11274621, DOI: 10.1056/nejm200103293441302.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsVaricella-zoster virusVaricella vaccinePolymerase chain reactionMild diseasePediatric practiceClinical practicePositive PCR testCase-control studyConditional logistic regressionPotential casesUnvaccinated childrenPotential confoundersActive surveillanceSevere diseaseChickenpoxDay 3VaccineLogistic regressionPCR testDiseaseChain reactionChildrenResearch assistantsIllnessVirus
2000
Prospective cohort study of children born to human immunodeficiency virus-infected mothers, 1985 through 1997: trends in the risk of vertical transmission, mortality and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome indicator diseases in the era before highly active antiretroviral therapy
SIMPSON J, SHAPIRO E, ANDIMAN W. Prospective cohort study of children born to human immunodeficiency virus-infected mothers, 1985 through 1997: trends in the risk of vertical transmission, mortality and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome indicator diseases in the era before highly active antiretroviral therapy. The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal 2000, 19: 618-624. PMID: 10917219, DOI: 10.1097/00006454-200007000-00007.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsAIDS indicator diseasesMonths of ageIndicator diseasesInfected childrenVertical transmissionCohort studyHuman immunodeficiency virus-infected mothersMycobacterium avium complex diseaseActive antiretroviral therapyHIV infection statusPerson monthsProspective cohort studyPneumocystis carinii pneumoniaLongitudinal cohort studyRate of deathIntroduction of treatmentTime of deathRates of diseaseAntiretroviral therapyHIV infectionCarinii pneumoniaPregnant womenAntiretroviral drugsHIV-1HIV
1998
Lyme Arthritis in Children: Clinical Epidemiology and Long-term Outcomes
Gerber M, Zemel L, Shapiro E. Lyme Arthritis in Children: Clinical Epidemiology and Long-term Outcomes. Pediatrics 1998, 102: 905-908. PMID: 9755263, DOI: 10.1542/peds.102.4.905.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsLong-term outcomesLyme arthritisAppropriate antimicrobial therapyAntimicrobial therapyClinical epidemiologyLyme diseaseMean white blood cell countWhite blood cell countNewington Children's HospitalCells/mm3Pediatric rheumatology clinicTime of diagnosisEarly Lyme diseaseErythrocyte sedimentation rateLong-term followOnset of symptomsBlood cell countStructured telephone interviewActive arthritisChronic arthritisRheumatology clinicArthroscopic synovectomyInitial diagnosisChildren's HospitalTelephone followLyme Disease
Shapiro E. Lyme Disease. Pediatrics In Review 1998, 19: 147-154. PMID: 9584524, DOI: 10.1542/pir.19-5-147.Peer-Reviewed Original Research
1997
Vaccination for Varicella—Just Do It!
Shapiro E, LaRussa P. Vaccination for Varicella—Just Do It! JAMA 1997, 278: 1529-1530. DOI: 10.1001/jama.1997.03550180079042.Commentaries, Editorials and LettersMeSH KeywordsAdolescentAdultChickenpoxChickenpox VaccineChildChild, PreschoolHumansInfantRiskVaccinationConceptsVaricella vaccineVaccine-induced immunity wanesStrategy of immunizationDuration of protectionMonths of agePublic health servicesImmune childrenImmunization PracticesImmunity wanesUS FoodDrug AdministrationSusceptible adultsSusceptible individualsInfants 12Health servicesAmerican AcademyInfectious diseasesVaccineVaricellaAdvisory CommitteeAdultsConsiderable controversyChildrenVaccineesMorbidityVaccination for varicella--just do it!
Shapiro E, LaRussa P. Vaccination for varicella--just do it! JAMA 1997, 278: 1529-30. PMID: 9363975, DOI: 10.1001/jama.278.18.1529.Commentaries, Editorials and LettersReduction in the Risk of Vertical Transmission of HIV-1 Associated with Treatment of Pregnant Women with Orally Administered Zidovudine Alone
Simpson B, Shapiro E, Andiman W. Reduction in the Risk of Vertical Transmission of HIV-1 Associated with Treatment of Pregnant Women with Orally Administered Zidovudine Alone. JAIDS Journal Of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes 1997, 14: 145-152. PMID: 9052723, DOI: 10.1097/00042560-199702010-00007.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdministration, OralAdolescentAdultAnti-HIV AgentsCD4 Lymphocyte CountCohort StudiesDelivery, ObstetricFemaleHIV InfectionsHIV-1HumansInfantInfant, NewbornInfectious Disease Transmission, VerticalLongitudinal StudiesOdds RatioPregnancyPregnancy Complications, InfectiousProspective StudiesRetrospective StudiesRisk FactorsZidovudineConceptsRisk of transmissionT-lymphocyte countsMode of deliveryVertical transmissionHIV-1Cell countT-cell countsProspective cohort studyRisk of motherRoutine prenatal careSubgroup of womenChild transmissionUntreated womenCohort studyUntreated mothersPregnant womenPrenatal careObservational studyCD4ZidovudineSignificant associationWomenMothersRiskSignificant reduction
1996
Lyme Disease in Children in Southeastern Connecticut
Gerber M, Shapiro E, Burke G, Parcells V, Bell G. Lyme Disease in Children in Southeastern Connecticut. New England Journal Of Medicine 1996, 335: 1270-1274. PMID: 8857006, DOI: 10.1056/nejm199610243351703.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsErythema migrans lesionsSingle erythema migrans lesionLyme diseaseErythema migransClinical manifestationsMultiple erythema migrans lesionsCommunity-based cohort studyFacial nerve palsyInitial clinical manifestationPrompt clinical responseEarly Lyme diseasePercent of childrenConventional antimicrobial therapyMultiple erythemaClinical responseCohort studyAseptic meningitisConsecutive patientsMedian ageProspective dataAntimicrobial therapyAntibody testNew episodesPatientsLesions
1991
The Protective Efficacy of Polyvalent Pneumococcal Polysaccharide Vaccine
Shapiro E, Berg A, Austrian R, Schroeder D, Parcells V, Margolis A, Adair R, Clemens J. The Protective Efficacy of Polyvalent Pneumococcal Polysaccharide Vaccine. New England Journal Of Medicine 1991, 325: 1453-1460. PMID: 1944423, DOI: 10.1056/nejm199111213252101.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsInvasive pneumococcal infectionsPneumococcal polysaccharide vaccinePneumococcal vaccineProtective efficacyPneumococcal infectionCase patientsImmunocompetent patientsPolysaccharide vaccineVaccination historyHospital-based case-control studyPolyvalent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccineSerious pneumococcal infectionsSite of hospitalizationVaccine protective efficacyPolyvalent pneumococcal vaccineCase-control studyProspective surveillanceRandomized trialsSterile sitesPatientsS. pneumoniaeMedical careStreptococcus pneumoniaeVaccineInfection
1989
New Epidemiologic Evidence Confirming That Bias Does Not Explain the Aspirin/Reye's Syndrome Association
Forsyth B, Horwitz R, Acampora D, Shapiro E, Viscoli C, Feinstein A, Henner R, Holabird N, Jones B, Karabelas A, Kramer M, Miclette M, Wells J. New Epidemiologic Evidence Confirming That Bias Does Not Explain the Aspirin/Reye's Syndrome Association. JAMA 1989, 261: 2517-2524. PMID: 2704111, DOI: 10.1001/jama.1989.03420170061031.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsSyndrome AssociationCase subjectsMedical record review studyRecord review studyCase-control studyNew epidemiologic evidencePotential recall biasSeverity of symptomsEpidemiologic evidenceReye's syndromeEpidemiologic investigationsControl groupDiagnostic biasSusceptibility biasRecall biasBiphasic patternSyndromeAssociationReview studyPotential sourceSubjectsAspirinHospitalIllnessSymptoms
1985
Oral trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole for prevention of bacterial infection during the induction phase of cancer chemotherapy in children.
Kovatch A, Wald E, Albo V, Prin W, Orlando S, Wollman M, Phebus C, Shapiro E. Oral trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole for prevention of bacterial infection during the induction phase of cancer chemotherapy in children. Pediatrics 1985, 76: 754-60. PMID: 3903647, DOI: 10.1542/peds.76.5.754.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdolescentAnti-Infective AgentsAntineoplastic AgentsBacterial InfectionsChildChild, PreschoolClinical Trials as TopicDouble-Blind MethodDrug CombinationsDrug Therapy, CombinationFemaleHumansInfantLeukemia, LymphoidLeukemia, Myeloid, AcuteMaleMicrobial Sensitivity TestsRandom AllocationSulfamethoxazoleTrimethoprimTrimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug CombinationConceptsTrimethoprim/sulfamethoxazoleOral trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazoleTrimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole groupFebrile episodesBacterial infectionsAcute leukemiaSolid tumorsPlacebo-controlled studyFrequency of bacteremiaInduction phaseInvasive fungal infectionsLife-table analysisGranulocytopenic childrenInduction chemotherapyReceiving placeboIntensive chemotherapyPlacebo groupOral thrushMean durationChemotherapyBacteremiaFungal infectionsOverall riskCancer chemotherapyInfection
1984
A controlled evaluation of the protective efficacy of pneumococcal vaccine for patients at high risk of serious pneumococcal infections.
Shapiro E, Clemens J. A controlled evaluation of the protective efficacy of pneumococcal vaccine for patients at high risk of serious pneumococcal infections. Annals Of Internal Medicine 1984, 101: 325-30. PMID: 6380367, DOI: 10.7326/0003-4819-101-3-325.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsIncreased risk of pneumococcal infectionRisk of pneumococcal infectionEfficacy of pneumococcal vaccineSystemic pneumococcal infectionPneumococcal infectionPneumococcal vaccineVaccine protective efficacyIncreased riskProtective efficacyCase-control studyOdds ratioVaccine efficacyHigh riskMatched controlsPatientsInfectionConfounding variablesEfficacyVaccine
1982
Broviac Catheter-Related Bacteremia in Oncology Patients
Shapiro E, Wald E, Nelson K, Spiegelman K. Broviac Catheter-Related Bacteremia in Oncology Patients. JAMA Pediatrics 1982, 136: 679-681. PMID: 7102618, DOI: 10.1001/archpedi.1982.03970440023006.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsBroviac cathetersOncology patientsBacteremic episodesCommon initial symptomCatheter-related bacteremiaPediatric oncology patientsCultures of bloodPeripheral veinVascular accessInitial symptomsMalignant tumorsPatientsCatheterKlebsiella pneumoniaeBacteremiaEnterobacter cloacaeStaphylococcus epidermidisStaphylococcus aureusEpisodesInfectionPseudomonas aeruginosaCandida tropicalisChemotherapyFungemiaSymptomsPeriorbital cellulitis and paranasal sinusitis
SHAPIRO E, WALD E, BROZANSKI B. Periorbital cellulitis and paranasal sinusitis. The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal 1982, 1: 91-94. PMID: 7177909, DOI: 10.1097/00006454-198203000-00005.Peer-Reviewed Reviews, Practice Guidelines, Standards, and Consensus StatementsConceptsParanasal sinusitisPeriorbital cellulitisHaemophilus influenzae type bInfluenzae type bGroup A StreptococcusPeriorbital swellingVenous obstructionPurulent sinusitisAppropriate therapyClinical presentationOrbital cellulitisInflammatory edemaBacterial etiologyOrbital traumaGroup 2Group 1Group 3Streptococcus pneumoniaeA StreptococcusActual infectionCellulitisSinusitisSkin integrityOrbital contentsType B
1981
Single-dose amoxicillin treatment of urinary tract infections
Shapiro E, Wald E. Single-dose amoxicillin treatment of urinary tract infections. The Journal Of Pediatrics 1981, 99: 989-992. PMID: 7031216, DOI: 10.1016/s0022-3476(81)80039-x.Peer-Reviewed Original Research