2022
Predictive Markers of Response to Neoadjuvant Durvalumab with Nab-Paclitaxel and Dose-Dense Doxorubicin/Cyclophosphamide in Basal-Like Triple-Negative Breast Cancer.
Blenman KRM, Marczyk M, Karn T, Qing T, Li X, Gunasekharan V, Yaghoobi V, Bai Y, Ibrahim EY, Park T, Silber A, Wolf DM, Reisenbichler E, Denkert C, Sinn BV, Rozenblit M, Foldi J, Rimm DL, Loibl S, Pusztai L. Predictive Markers of Response to Neoadjuvant Durvalumab with Nab-Paclitaxel and Dose-Dense Doxorubicin/Cyclophosphamide in Basal-Like Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. Clinical Cancer Research 2022, 28: 2587-2597. PMID: 35377948, PMCID: PMC9464605, DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-21-3215.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAlbuminsAntibodies, MonoclonalAntineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy ProtocolsBiomarkers, TumorBreast NeoplasmsCyclophosphamideDoxorubicinFemaleHumansNeoadjuvant TherapyPaclitaxelTransforming Growth Factor betaTriple Negative Breast NeoplasmsConceptsBasal-like triple-negative breast cancerPathologic complete responseResidual diseaseNeoadjuvant durvalumabDNA damage repairSomatic mutationsBreast cancerWnt/β-cateninHigh expressionTriple-negative breast cancerBasal-Like TripleDoxorubicin/cyclophosphamideDNA repairTumor mutation burdenRNA sequencingEpithelial-mesenchymal transitionFive-gene signatureB-cell markersCancer driversEnrichment analysisNegative breast cancerDamage repairGene expressionJAK-STATCell cycle
2021
Alpha-smooth muscle actin expression in the stroma predicts resistance to trastuzumab in patients with early-stage HER2-positive breast cancer
Vathiotis IA, Moutafi MK, Divakar P, Aung TN, Qing T, Fernandez A, Yaghoobi V, El-Abed S, Wang Y, Guillaume S, Nuciforo P, Huober J, Di Cosimo S, Kim SB, Harbeck N, Gomez H, Shafi S, Syrigos KN, Fountzilas G, Sotiriou C, Pusztai L, Warren S, Rimm DL. Alpha-smooth muscle actin expression in the stroma predicts resistance to trastuzumab in patients with early-stage HER2-positive breast cancer. Clinical Cancer Research 2021, 27: 6156-6163. PMID: 34465600, PMCID: PMC8595766, DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-21-2103.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsActinsAntineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy ProtocolsBreast NeoplasmsChemotherapy, AdjuvantDisease-Free SurvivalFemaleHumansMuscle, SmoothNeoadjuvant TherapyReceptor, ErbB-2TrastuzumabTreatment OutcomeConceptsDisease-free survivalHER2-positive breast cancerShorter disease-free survivalBreast cancerQuantitative immunofluorescenceEarly-stage HER2-positive breast cancerAlpha-smooth muscle actin expressionAlpha-smooth muscle actinProgesterone receptor statusHigh α-SMA expressionDigital Spatial ProfilerΑ-SMA expressionPromising candidate biomarkerCompanion diagnostic testsMuscle actin expressionDigital spatial profilingCohort validationNeoadjuvant lapatinibAdjuvant trastuzumabReceptor statusClinical trialsUnivariate analysisEstrogen receptorMAIN OUTCOMEΑ-SMA
2020
PD-L1 Protein Expression on Both Tumor Cells and Macrophages are Associated with Response to Neoadjuvant Durvalumab with Chemotherapy in Triple-negative Breast Cancer
Ahmed FS, Gaule P, McGuire J, Patel K, Blenman K, Pusztai L, Rimm DL. PD-L1 Protein Expression on Both Tumor Cells and Macrophages are Associated with Response to Neoadjuvant Durvalumab with Chemotherapy in Triple-negative Breast Cancer. Clinical Cancer Research 2020, 26: 5456-5461. PMID: 32709714, PMCID: PMC7572612, DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-20-1303.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdultAgedAntibodies, MonoclonalAntigens, CDAntigens, Differentiation, MyelomonocyticAntineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy ProtocolsB7-H1 AntigenBiomarkers, TumorCell ProliferationFemaleGene Expression Regulation, NeoplasticHumansLymphocytes, Tumor-InfiltratingMacrophagesMiddle AgedNeoadjuvant TherapyProgrammed Cell Death 1 ReceptorTriple Negative Breast NeoplasmsConceptsTriple-negative breast cancerPD-L1 expressionNeoadjuvant durvalumabTumor cellsImmune cellsBreast cancerPretreatment core-needle biopsiesPhase I/II clinical trialsPD-L1 protein expressionIMpassion 130 trialCore needle biopsyAmount of CD68Neoadjuvant settingMetastatic settingPD-L1Clinical trialsNeedle biopsyInsufficient tissuePatientsCD68Stromal compartmentQuantitative immunofluorescenceChemotherapyFinal analysisProtein expressionAcquired Resistance to HER2-Targeted Therapies Creates Vulnerability to ATP Synthase Inhibition
Gale M, Li Y, Cao J, Liu ZZ, Holmbeck MA, Zhang M, Lang SM, Wu L, Do Carmo M, Gupta S, Aoshima K, DiGiovanna MP, Stern DF, Rimm DL, Shadel GS, Chen X, Yan Q. Acquired Resistance to HER2-Targeted Therapies Creates Vulnerability to ATP Synthase Inhibition. Cancer Research 2020, 80: 524-535. PMID: 31690671, PMCID: PMC7002225, DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-18-3985.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAnimalsAntineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy ProtocolsApoptosisBreast NeoplasmsCell ProliferationDrug Resistance, NeoplasmEnzyme InhibitorsFemaleHumansMiceMice, Inbred NODMice, SCIDMitochondrial Proton-Translocating ATPasesOligomycinsReceptor, ErbB-2TrastuzumabTumor Cells, CulturedXenograft Model Antitumor AssaysConceptsResistant cellsHER2-Targeted TherapyTrastuzumab-resistant tumorsNew therapeutic strategiesNovel potential targetDrug-free mediumAntibody therapySynthase inhibitionLow doseTherapeutic strategiesTrastuzumabBreast tumorsHER2TherapyAcquired ResistanceTumorsPotential targetMitochondrial respirationCellsSelective dependencyInhibitionMinimal changesNovel vulnerabilitiesATP synthase inhibitionOligomycin A
2017
Pathway level alterations rather than mutations in single genes predict response to HER2-targeted therapies in the neo-ALTTO trial
Shi W, Jiang T, Nuciforo P, Hatzis C, Holmes E, Harbeck N, Sotiriou C, Peña L, Loi S, Rosa DD, Chia S, Wardley A, Ueno T, Rossari J, Eidtmann H, Armour A, Piccart-Gebhart M, Rimm DL, Baselga J, Pusztai L. Pathway level alterations rather than mutations in single genes predict response to HER2-targeted therapies in the neo-ALTTO trial. Annals Of Oncology 2017, 28: 128-135. PMID: 28177460, PMCID: PMC5834036, DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdw434.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAntineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy ProtocolsBiopsy, Fine-NeedleBreast NeoplasmsClass I Phosphatidylinositol 3-KinasesDNA, NeoplasmExome SequencingFemaleHumansLapatinibMolecular Targeted TherapyMutationProportional Hazards ModelsProtein Kinase InhibitorsQuinazolinesReceptor, ErbB-2RhoA GTP-Binding ProteinTrastuzumabConceptsPathologic complete response
2016
Copy Number Changes Are Associated with Response to Treatment with Carboplatin, Paclitaxel, and Sorafenib in Melanoma
Wilson MA, Zhao F, Khare S, Roszik J, Woodman SE, D'Andrea K, Wubbenhorst B, Rimm DL, Kirkwood JM, Kluger HM, Schuchter LM, Lee SJ, Flaherty KT, Nathanson KL. Copy Number Changes Are Associated with Response to Treatment with Carboplatin, Paclitaxel, and Sorafenib in Melanoma. Clinical Cancer Research 2016, 22: 374-382. PMID: 26307133, PMCID: PMC4821426, DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-15-1162.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAntineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy ProtocolsCarboplatinDisease-Free SurvivalDNA Copy Number VariationsDNA Mutational AnalysisDouble-Blind MethodGenes, rasHumansMelanomaMutationNeoplasm StagingNiacinamidePaclitaxelPhenylurea CompoundsProto-Oncogene Proteins B-rafProto-Oncogene Proteins c-metSorafenibTreatment OutcomeConceptsProgression-free survivalGene copy gainOverall survivalImproved progression-free survivalCopy gainImproved overall survivalGenomic alterationsCancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) datasetImproved treatment responseClinical outcomesMET amplificationV600KCCND1 amplificationTreatment responseMelanoma pathogenesisV600E mutationCurrent FDAPretreatment samplesBRAF geneTumor samplesPatientsSorafenibTherapyTumorsAtlas dataset
2015
Measurement of Domain-Specific HER2 (ERBB2) Expression May Classify Benefit From Trastuzumab in Breast Cancer
Carvajal-Hausdorf DE, Schalper KA, Pusztai L, Psyrri A, Kalogeras KT, Kotoula V, Fountzilas G, Rimm DL. Measurement of Domain-Specific HER2 (ERBB2) Expression May Classify Benefit From Trastuzumab in Breast Cancer. Journal Of The National Cancer Institute 2015, 107: djv136. PMID: 25991002, PMCID: PMC4554192, DOI: 10.1093/jnci/djv136.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdultAgedAntibodies, Monoclonal, HumanizedAntineoplastic AgentsAntineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy ProtocolsBiomarkers, TumorBreast NeoplasmsChemotherapy, AdjuvantClinical Trials as TopicDisease-Free SurvivalExtracellular SpaceFemaleFluorescent Antibody TechniqueGene Expression Regulation, NeoplasticHumansIntracellular SpaceKaplan-Meier EstimateMiddle AgedPredictive Value of TestsPrognosisReceptor, ErbB-2Sensitivity and SpecificityTissue Array AnalysisTrastuzumabTreatment OutcomeConceptsHuman epidermal growth factor receptor 2ECD expressionICD statusLonger DFSQuantitative immunofluorescenceTrastuzumab therapyPrognostic valueBreast cancerTissue microarrayEpidermal growth factor receptor 2Adjuvant trastuzumab therapyDisease-free survival analysisTrastuzumab-treated patientsGrowth factor receptor 2High positive predictive valueHER2-positive tumorsKaplan-Meier estimatesFactor receptor 2ERBB2 gene amplificationHER2 protein expressionPositive predictive valueExtracellular domainAdjuvant chemotherapyHER2-ICDBetter DFS
2014
Multiplexed Quantitative Analysis of CD3, CD8, and CD20 Predicts Response to Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Breast Cancer
Brown JR, Wimberly H, Lannin DR, Nixon C, Rimm DL, Bossuyt V. Multiplexed Quantitative Analysis of CD3, CD8, and CD20 Predicts Response to Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Breast Cancer. Clinical Cancer Research 2014, 20: 5995-6005. PMID: 25255793, PMCID: PMC4252785, DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-14-1622.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdultAgedAntigens, CD20Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy ProtocolsBiomarkers, TumorBreast NeoplasmsCD3 ComplexCD8 AntigensChemotherapy, AdjuvantFemaleHumansImmunophenotypingLymphocyte SubsetsLymphocytes, Tumor-InfiltratingMiddle AgedNeoadjuvant TherapyNeoplasm GradingNeoplasm StagingPrognosisReproducibility of ResultsTreatment OutcomeTumor BurdenConceptsTumor-infiltrating lymphocytesPathologic complete responseBreast cancerTonsil specimensPredictive valueAQUA scoreQuantitative immunofluorescenceFlow cytometryFuture larger studiesPathologist estimationNeoadjuvant cohortNeoadjuvant chemotherapyNeoadjuvant therapyLymphocyte infiltratesTIL countComplete responseNodal statusLymphocyte percentageLymphocyte subpopulationsStromal expressionNuclear gradeUnivariate analysisKi-67CD8Clinical utilityEGFR expression is associated with decreased benefit from trastuzumab in the NCCTG N9831 (Alliance) trial
Cheng H, Ballman K, Vassilakopoulou M, Dueck AC, Reinholz MM, Tenner K, Gralow J, Hudis C, Davidson NE, Fountzilas G, McCullough AE, Chen B, Psyrri A, Rimm DL, Perez EA. EGFR expression is associated with decreased benefit from trastuzumab in the NCCTG N9831 (Alliance) trial. British Journal Of Cancer 2014, 111: 1065-1071. PMID: 25117817, PMCID: PMC4453859, DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2014.442.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAntibodies, Monoclonal, HumanizedAntineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy ProtocolsBiomarkers, TumorBreast NeoplasmsDisease-Free SurvivalErbB ReceptorsFemaleFollow-Up StudiesHumansMiddle AgedReceptor, ErbB-2Survival RateTissue Array AnalysisTrastuzumabConceptsNorth Central Cancer Treatment GroupMetastatic breast cancer cohortEpidermal growth factor receptorBreast cancer cohortHigh EGFR expressionEGFR expressionConcurrent trastuzumabGrowth factor receptorCancer cohortEGFR antibodyNCCTG N9831 trialsAnti-HER2 therapyCancer Treatment GroupDisease-free survivalFactor receptorN9831 trialsSequential trastuzumabAdditive therapyArm AClinical outcomesTreatment optionsWorse outcomesArm CTissue microarrayTreatment groupsCorrelation of Somatic Mutations and Clinical Outcome in Melanoma Patients Treated with Carboplatin, Paclitaxel, and Sorafenib
Wilson MA, Zhao F, Letrero R, D'Andrea K, Rimm DL, Kirkwood JM, Kluger HM, Lee SJ, Schuchter LM, Flaherty KT, Nathanson KL. Correlation of Somatic Mutations and Clinical Outcome in Melanoma Patients Treated with Carboplatin, Paclitaxel, and Sorafenib. Clinical Cancer Research 2014, 20: 3328-3337. PMID: 24714776, PMCID: PMC4058354, DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-14-0093.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdultAntineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy ProtocolsBiomarkers, TumorCarboplatinDouble-Blind MethodFemaleFollow-Up StudiesGenotypeGTP PhosphohydrolasesHumansMaleMelanomaMembrane ProteinsMiddle AgedMutationNeoplasm StagingNiacinamidePaclitaxelPhenylurea CompoundsPrognosisProto-Oncogene Proteins B-rafSkin NeoplasmsSorafenibSurvival RateConceptsProgression-free survivalNRAS-mutant melanomaPlatelet-derived growth factor receptorPerformance statusClinical outcomesNRAS mutationsCox proportional hazards modelVEGF receptorsSomatic mutationsWorse performance statusGood performance statusImproved clinical responseKaplan-Meier methodClinical trial populationsPretreatment tumor samplesSite of diseaseProportional hazards modelEffect of sorafenibBRAF-mutant melanomaFisher's exact testGrowth factor receptorClinical responseOverall survivalClinicopathologic featuresMelanoma patientsPrognostic Biomarkers in Phase II Trial of Cetuximab-Containing Induction and Chemoradiation in Resectable HNSCC: Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group E2303
Psyrri A, Lee JW, Pectasides E, Vassilakopoulou M, Kosmidis EK, Burtness BA, Rimm DL, Wanebo HJ, Forastiere AA. Prognostic Biomarkers in Phase II Trial of Cetuximab-Containing Induction and Chemoradiation in Resectable HNSCC: Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group E2303. Clinical Cancer Research 2014, 20: 3023-3032. PMID: 24700741, PMCID: PMC4049169, DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-14-0113.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdultAgedAntibodies, Monoclonal, HumanizedAntineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy ProtocolsBiomarkers, TumorCarboplatinCarcinoma, Squamous CellCetuximabChemoradiotherapyDisease-Free SurvivalDrug Resistance, NeoplasmFemaleFluorescent Antibody TechniqueHead and Neck NeoplasmsHumansInduction ChemotherapyKaplan-Meier EstimateMaleMiddle AgedMitogen-Activated Protein Kinase KinasesPaclitaxelPhosphatidylinositol 3-KinasesPrognosisProportional Hazards ModelsProto-Oncogene Proteins c-aktRas ProteinsSignal TransductionSquamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and NeckTissue Array AnalysisConceptsProgression-free survivalEvent-free survivalPhase II trialOverall survivalII trialTissue microarrayStage III/IV headMultivariable Cox proportional hazards modelsMultivariable Cox regression analysisNeck squamous cell cancerRAS/MAPK/ERKCox proportional hazards modelInsulin-like growth factor 1 receptorLarge prospective studiesCox regression analysisInferior overall survivalKaplan-Meier methodSquamous cell cancerLog-rank testGrowth factor 1 receptorProportional hazards modelPI3K/Akt pathwayFactor 1 receptorPI3K/AktEGF receptorQuantitative measurements of HER2 and phospho-HER2 expression: correlation with pathologic response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy and trastuzumab
Cheng H, Bai Y, Sikov W, Sinclair N, Bossuyt V, Abu-Khalaf MM, Harris LN, Rimm DL. Quantitative measurements of HER2 and phospho-HER2 expression: correlation with pathologic response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy and trastuzumab. BMC Cancer 2014, 14: 326. PMID: 24885187, PMCID: PMC4037428, DOI: 10.1186/1471-2407-14-326.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdenocarcinomaAlbuminsAntibodies, Monoclonal, HumanizedAntineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy ProtocolsBiomarkers, TumorBreast NeoplasmsCarboplatinChemotherapy, AdjuvantConnecticutFemaleFluorescent Antibody TechniqueHumansNeoadjuvant TherapyPaclitaxelPhosphorylationProteomicsReceptor, ErbB-2Rhode IslandTime FactorsTrastuzumabTreatment OutcomeConceptsLikelihood of responsePhospho-HER2Nab-paclitaxelPathologic responseHER2 levelsAdvanced HER2-positive breast cancerHER2-positive breast cancerCarboplatin combination therapyPreoperative clinical trialPre-surgical settingSingle-agent trastuzumabPathologic complete responseInitiation of treatmentWeeks of treatmentBreast cancer patientsTumor core biopsiesCore biopsy samplesMonoclonal antibody trastuzumabEvaluable patientsNeoadjuvant regimenNeoadjuvant chemotherapyNeoadjuvant therapyNeoadjuvant treatmentComplete responsePreoperative setting
2012
Association between the nuclear to cytoplasmic ratio of p27 and the efficacy of adjuvant polychemotherapy in early breast cancer
Andre F, Conforti R, Moeder CB, Mauguen A, Arnedos M, Berrada N, Delaloge S, Tomasic G, Spielmann M, Esteva FJ, Rimm DL, Michiels S. Association between the nuclear to cytoplasmic ratio of p27 and the efficacy of adjuvant polychemotherapy in early breast cancer. Annals Of Oncology 2012, 23: 2059-2064. PMID: 22241898, DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdr569.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdultAgedAntineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy ProtocolsBreast NeoplasmsCell NucleusChemotherapy, AdjuvantCyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p27CyclophosphamideCytoplasmDoxorubicinFemaleFluorouracilHumansMiddle AgedPredictive Value of TestsPrognosisYoung AdultConceptsAnthracycline-based chemotherapyEarly breast cancerNuclear/cytoplasmic (N/C) ratioCytoplasmic ratioAdjuvant chemotherapyHazard ratioBreast cancerP27 expressionNuclear expressionAdjusted hazard ratioNuclear p27 expressionAdjuvant polychemotherapyUntreated armPrognostic parametersTissue microarrayChemotherapyPatientsPredictive valueImmunofluorescence assaysQuantitative immunofluorescence assaysEfficacyP27CancerExpressionPolychemotherapy
2011
Gefitinib or Placebo in Combination with Tamoxifen in Patients with Hormone Receptor–Positive Metastatic Breast Cancer: A Randomized Phase II Study
Osborne CK, Neven P, Dirix LY, Mackey JR, Robert J, Underhill C, Schiff R, Gutierrez C, Migliaccio I, Anagnostou VK, Rimm DL, Magill P, Sellers M. Gefitinib or Placebo in Combination with Tamoxifen in Patients with Hormone Receptor–Positive Metastatic Breast Cancer: A Randomized Phase II Study. Clinical Cancer Research 2011, 17: 1147-1159. PMID: 21220480, PMCID: PMC3074404, DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-10-1869.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdultAgedAged, 80 and overAntineoplastic Agents, HormonalAntineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy ProtocolsBiomarkers, TumorBreast NeoplasmsDrug-Related Side Effects and Adverse ReactionsErbB ReceptorsFemaleGefitinibHumansMiddle AgedNeoplasms, Hormone-DependentPlacebosQuinazolinesReceptor, ErbB-2Receptors, EstrogenSignal TransductionTamoxifenTreatment OutcomeConceptsAdjuvant aromatase inhibitorsMetastatic breast cancerBreast cancerHormone receptor-positive metastatic breast cancerPositive metastatic breast cancerRandomized phase II studyRandomized phase II trialClinical benefit ratePhase II studyPhase II trialProgression-free survivalStratum 1Epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitor gefitinibFurther investigationAdjuvant tamoxifenImproved PFSPFS HRAI therapyII studyII trialMetastatic diseaseAppropriate patientsPredictive biomarkersPrimary tumorTamoxifen resistanceEvaluation of prognostic and predictive value of microtubule associated protein tau in two independent cohorts
Baquero MT, Lostritto K, Gustavson MD, Bassi KA, Appia F, Camp RL, Molinaro AM, Harris LN, Rimm DL. Evaluation of prognostic and predictive value of microtubule associated protein tau in two independent cohorts. Breast Cancer Research 2011, 13: r85. PMID: 21888627, PMCID: PMC3262195, DOI: 10.1186/bcr2937.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdultAgedAged, 80 and overAntineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy ProtocolsBiomarkers, TumorBreast NeoplasmsCohort StudiesCyclophosphamideCytoplasmDocetaxelDoxorubicinEpithelial CellsFemaleFluorouracilHumansKaplan-Meier EstimateMiddle AgedPredictive Value of TestsPrognosisRandomized Controlled Trials as TopicRetrospective StudiesSurvival RateTau ProteinsTaxoidsConceptsOverall survivalBreast cancer cohortTreatment armsPredictive markerCancer cohortPredictive valueResponse rateConventional whole tissue sectionsMAP-tauImproved overall survivalHigh expressionMicrotubule associated protein tauTaxane-based chemotherapyKaplan-Meier analysisLonger median timeUseful predictive markerCox univariate analysisIndependent breast cancer cohortsWhole tissue sectionsFAC chemotherapyLonger TTPMedian timeMeier analysisPrognostic valueClinicopathologic variables
2009
Expression of Sorafenib Targets in Melanoma Patients Treated with Carboplatin, Paclitaxel and Sorafenib
Jilaveanu L, Zito C, Lee SJ, Nathanson KL, Camp RL, Rimm DL, Flaherty KT, Kluger HM. Expression of Sorafenib Targets in Melanoma Patients Treated with Carboplatin, Paclitaxel and Sorafenib. Clinical Cancer Research 2009, 15: 1076-1085. PMID: 19188183, PMCID: PMC4263281, DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-08-2280.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAntineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy ProtocolsBenzenesulfonatesCarboplatinCell Line, TumorDisease-Free SurvivalDrug Delivery SystemsHumansMelanomaMitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3NiacinamidePaclitaxelPhenylurea CompoundsPyridinesReceptors, Vascular Endothelial Growth FactorSkin NeoplasmsSorafenibTreatment OutcomeConceptsSerine/threonine-protein kinase 1Mitogen-activated protein kinase pathwayHigher ERK1/2Protein kinase 1Fibroblast growth factor receptor 1Protein kinase pathwayReceptor tyrosine kinasesPlatelet-derived growth factor receptor betaGrowth factor receptor betaVEGF-R2 expressionSorafenib targetsB-RAF V600E mutationGrowth factor receptor 1C-RafKinase pathwayVascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2B-RafKinase 1Kinase 1/2Tyrosine kinaseEndothelial growth factor receptor 2Factor receptor 1ERK1/2Kinase inhibitorsMultitarget kinase inhibitor