2018
Single-cell RNA sequencing reveals microglia-like cells in cerebrospinal fluid during virologically suppressed HIV
Farhadian SF, Mehta SS, Zografou C, Robertson K, Price RW, Pappalardo J, Chiarella J, Hafler DA, Spudich SS. Single-cell RNA sequencing reveals microglia-like cells in cerebrospinal fluid during virologically suppressed HIV. JCI Insight 2018, 3: e121718. PMID: 30232286, PMCID: PMC6237230, DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.121718.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsCerebrospinal fluidHIV infectionImmune activationAntiretroviral therapyNeuronal injuryCentral nervous system immune activationLong-term suppressive antiretroviral therapySingle-cell RNA sequencingCNS immune activationDisease-associated microgliaSuppressive antiretroviral therapyImmune cell subsetsMicroglia-like cellsGene expression signaturesNeuronal damageNeuroinflammatory diseasesRNA sequencingCell subsetsCNS cellsNeurological conditionsRare subsetNeurocognitive impairmentMyeloid cellsCellular subsetsInfection
1997
Increased interleukin 12 production in progressive multiple sclerosis: Induction by activated CD4+ T cells via CD40 ligand
Balashov K, Smith D, Khoury S, Hafler D, Weiner H. Increased interleukin 12 production in progressive multiple sclerosis: Induction by activated CD4+ T cells via CD40 ligand. Proceedings Of The National Academy Of Sciences Of The United States Of America 1997, 94: 599-603. PMID: 9012830, PMCID: PMC19559, DOI: 10.1073/pnas.94.2.599.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsIL-12 secretionIFN-gamma secretionMS patientsMultiple sclerosisT cellsIL-12Anti-CD40 ligand antibodyTh1-type immune activationCell-mediated autoimmune diseaseProgressive MS patientsProgressive multiple sclerosisIFN-gamma administrationRelapsing-remitting patientsExacerbation of diseaseInterleukin-12 productionChronic inflammatory diseaseCD40 ligand expressionCentral nervous systemActivated T cellsImmune interventionImmune activationAutoimmune diseasesInterleukin-12Inflammatory diseasesCD40 ligand
1985
Investigation of in vivo activated T cells in multiple sclerosis and inflammatory central nervous system diseases
Hafler DA, Hemler ME, Christenson L, Williams JM, Shapiro HM, Strom TB, Strominger JL, Weiner HL. Investigation of in vivo activated T cells in multiple sclerosis and inflammatory central nervous system diseases. Clinical Immunology 1985, 37: 163-171. PMID: 3930113, DOI: 10.1016/0090-1229(85)90147-3.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsT cellsActivated T cellsActivation antigensMultiple sclerosisInflammatory central nervous system diseasesPeripheral blood T cellsCentral nervous system diseaseActive multiple sclerosisSystemic immune activationGroup of patientsMultiple sclerosis patientsBlood T cellsEarly activation antigenNervous system diseasesAbnormal immunologic activityMultiple differentiation stagesMS patientsSclerosis patientsViral encephalitisImmune activationPeripheral bloodNeurologic diseaseImmunologic activitySystem diseasesNormal controlsIn Vivo Activated T Lymphocytes in the Peripheral Blood and Cerebrospinal Fluid of Patients with Multiple Sclerosis
Hafler D, Fox D, Manning M, Schlossman S, Reinherz E, Weiner H. In Vivo Activated T Lymphocytes in the Peripheral Blood and Cerebrospinal Fluid of Patients with Multiple Sclerosis. New England Journal Of Medicine 1985, 312: 1405-1411. PMID: 2985995, DOI: 10.1056/nejm198505303122201.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsProgressive multiple sclerosisMultiple sclerosisInterleukin-2 receptorNervous system diseasesNeurologic diseaseSpinal fluidPeripheral bloodSystem diseasesCerebrospinal fluidInflammatory central nervous system diseasesCentral nervous system diseaseSystemic immune activationInflammatory neurologic diseasesPeripheral blood lymphocytesBlood of patientsActivated T lymphocytesAbnormal immunologic activityCent of lymphocytesCent of cellsT cell activationImmune activationT cellsT lymphocytesImmunologic activityNormal controls