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He is Chairman of the Yale School of Medicine’s Department of Cell Biology and is the Director and founder of the Nanobiology Institute on Yale’s new West Campus. Rothman graduated from Yale College (1971) where he studied physics. He received his Ph.D. degree in biological chemistry from Harvard (1976) and was a student at Harvard Medical School from 1971 to 1973. From 1976 to 1978, he completed a fellowship in the Department of Biology at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. From 1978 to 1988, he was a professor in the Department of Biochemistry at Stanford University. Dr. Rothman was the E.R. Squibb Professor of Molecular Biology at Princeton University (1988-1991). He founded and chaired the Department of Cellular Biochemistry and Biophysics at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center (1991-2004), where he held the Paul A. Marks Chair and served as Vice-Chairman of Sloan-Kettering. Prior to coming to Yale in 2008, Dr. Rothman was the Wu Professor of Chemical Biology in the Department of Physiology and Cellular Biophysics, and Director of Columbia University’s Sulzberger Genome Center.Professor Rothman discovered key molecular machinery responsible for transfer of materials among compartments within cells, providing the conceptual framework for understanding such diverse and important processes as the release of insulin into the blood, communication between nerve cells in the brain, and the entry of viruses to infect cells. Numerous kinds of tiny membrane-enveloped vesicles ferry packets of enclosed cargo. Each type of vesicle must deliver its specialized cargo to the correct destination among the maze of distinct compartments that populate the cytoplasm of a complex animal cell. The delivery process, termed membrane fusion, is fundamental for physiology and medicine, as pathology in this process can cause metabolic, neuropsychiatric and other diseases. Rothman reconstituted vesicle budding and fusion in a cell-free system (1984) and discovered the complex of SNARE proteins (1993) which mediates membrane fusion and affords it specificity. He also uncovered the GTPase-switch mechanism which controls coated vesicle budding in the cell (1991).Rothman has also contributed to other fields. Together with Gero Miesenbock, he showed how patterns of synaptic activity in neural networks could be recorded optically using encoded synapto-pHlourins (1998). He discovered that hsp70’s are ATPases (1986) and peptide binding proteins (1989), thereby revealing how these molecular chaperones cycle on and off proteins to control their folding/unfolding. On theoretical grounds, he proposed (1981) that the role of the Golgi is to iteratively purify proteins, using its cisternae like plates in a distillation tower, an idea now implicit in all models of Golgi dynamics; and he provided the first evidence of sequential processing and vectorial transport across the stack (1981-1985). Rothman’s current research concerns the biophysics of membrane fusion and its regulation in exocytosis; the dynamics of the Golgi apparatus at super-resolution; and the use of bio-inspired design in nanotechnology.Dr. Rothman has received numerous awards and honors in recognition of his work on vesicle trafficking and membrane fusion, including the King Faisal International Prize for Science (1996), the Gairdner Foundation International Award (1996), the Lounsbery Award of the National Academy of Sciences (1997), the Heineken Foundation Prize of the Netherlands Academy of Sciences (2000), the Louisa Gross Horwitz prize of Columbia University (2002), the Lasker Basic Science Award (2002), the Kavli Prize in Neuroscience (2010), the Massry Prize (2010), the EB. Wilson Medal (2010) and the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (2013). 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Prize in Science 1996\\\",\\\"The Fritz Lipmann Award 1995\\\",\\\"Dr. h.c. 1995\\\",\\\"Foreign Assoc., European Molec. Biol. Org'n. 1995\\\",\\\"Member, Institute of Med. 1995\\\",\\\"Mayor's Award For Excellence in Sci. & Tech. 1995\\\",\\\"The Rosenstiel Award in Biomedical Sciences 1994\\\",\\\"The V.D. Mattia Award 1994\\\",\\\"Fellow, Amer. Acad. Arts & Sciences 1994\\\",\\\"Member, Natl. Acad. of Sciences 1993\\\",\\\"The Heinrich Wieland Prize 1990\\\",\\\"The Alexander Von Humboldt Award 1989\\\",\\\"Dreyfus Fndn. Teacher Scholar 1986\\\",\\\"The Eli Lilly Award for Fundamental Res. in Biol. Chem. 1986\\\",\\\"The Passano Young Scientist Award 1986\\\",\\\"Andrew W. Mellon Fellow 1982\\\",\\\"Dreyfus Fndn. Teacher Scholar 1981\\\",\\\"Andrew W. Mellon Fellow 1979\\\"],\\\"jobTitle\\\":[\\\"Sterling Professor of Cell Biology and Professor of Chemistry\\\",\\\"Chair, Cell Biology\\\",\\\"Director, Nanobiology Institute\\\"],\\\"affiliation\\\":[{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Biochemistry, Quantitative Biology, Biophysics and Structural Biology (BQBS)\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Cell Biology\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"http://cellbiology.yale.edu/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Diabetes Research Center\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://medicine.yale.edu/intmed/drc\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Fellowship Training\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Membrane Traffic\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"http://www.cellbiology.yale.edu/research/membrane.aspx\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Molecular Cell Biology, Genetics and Development\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"http://bbs.yale.edu/molecularcell\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Rothman Lab\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://medicine.yale.edu/cellbio/rothman/index.aspx\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Yale Combined Program in the Biological and Biomedical Sciences (BBS)\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"http://bbs.yale.edu\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Yale University\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://www.yale.edu/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}],\\\"alumniOf\\\":[{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Harvard Medical School (1976)\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Yale University (1971)\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Massachusetts Institute of Technology\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}],\\\"image\\\":{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"ImageObject\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://ysm-res.cloudinary.com/image/upload/c_limit,f_auto,h_630,q_auto,w_1200/v1/yms/prod/c7de36d3-0dfc-4494-b604-776be73db67b\\\",\\\"description\\\":\\\"\\\",\\\"height\\\":1200,\\\"width\\\":630,\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}\"},{\"schemaName\":\"MedicalScholarlyArticle\",\"jsonData\":\"{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"MedicalScholarlyArticle\\\",\\\"publicationType\\\":\\\"Journal Article\\\",\\\"inLanguage\\\":\\\"en-US\\\",\\\"headline\\\":\\\"Complexin cross-links prefusion SNAREs into a zigzag array.\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21785414\\\",\\\"author\\\":[{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Person\\\",\\\"mainEntityOfPage\\\":{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"WebPage\\\",\\\"@id\\\":\\\"https://medicine.yale.edu/profile/james_rothman/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},\\\"name\\\":\\\"James E Rothman\\\",\\\"description\\\":\\\"Professor James Rothman, the Sterling Professor of Cell Biology at Yale University, is one of the world's most distinguished biochemists and cell biologists. He is Chairman of the Yale School of Medicine’s Department of Cell Biology and is the Director and founder of the Nanobiology Institute on Yale’s new West Campus. Rothman graduated from Yale College (1971) where he studied physics. He received his Ph.D. degree in biological chemistry from Harvard (1976) and was a student at Harvard Medical School from 1971 to 1973. From 1976 to 1978, he completed a fellowship in the Department of Biology at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. From 1978 to 1988, he was a professor in the Department of Biochemistry at Stanford University. Dr. Rothman was the E.R. Squibb Professor of Molecular Biology at Princeton University (1988-1991). He founded and chaired the Department of Cellular Biochemistry and Biophysics at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center (1991-2004), where he held the Paul A. Marks Chair and served as Vice-Chairman of Sloan-Kettering. Prior to coming to Yale in 2008, Dr. Rothman was the Wu Professor of Chemical Biology in the Department of Physiology and Cellular Biophysics, and Director of Columbia University’s Sulzberger Genome Center.Professor Rothman discovered key molecular machinery responsible for transfer of materials among compartments within cells, providing the conceptual framework for understanding such diverse and important processes as the release of insulin into the blood, communication between nerve cells in the brain, and the entry of viruses to infect cells. Numerous kinds of tiny membrane-enveloped vesicles ferry packets of enclosed cargo. Each type of vesicle must deliver its specialized cargo to the correct destination among the maze of distinct compartments that populate the cytoplasm of a complex animal cell. The delivery process, termed membrane fusion, is fundamental for physiology and medicine, as pathology in this process can cause metabolic, neuropsychiatric and other diseases. Rothman reconstituted vesicle budding and fusion in a cell-free system (1984) and discovered the complex of SNARE proteins (1993) which mediates membrane fusion and affords it specificity. He also uncovered the GTPase-switch mechanism which controls coated vesicle budding in the cell (1991).Rothman has also contributed to other fields. Together with Gero Miesenbock, he showed how patterns of synaptic activity in neural networks could be recorded optically using encoded synapto-pHlourins (1998). He discovered that hsp70’s are ATPases (1986) and peptide binding proteins (1989), thereby revealing how these molecular chaperones cycle on and off proteins to control their folding/unfolding. On theoretical grounds, he proposed (1981) that the role of the Golgi is to iteratively purify proteins, using its cisternae like plates in a distillation tower, an idea now implicit in all models of Golgi dynamics; and he provided the first evidence of sequential processing and vectorial transport across the stack (1981-1985). Rothman’s current research concerns the biophysics of membrane fusion and its regulation in exocytosis; the dynamics of the Golgi apparatus at super-resolution; and the use of bio-inspired design in nanotechnology.Dr. Rothman has received numerous awards and honors in recognition of his work on vesicle trafficking and membrane fusion, including the King Faisal International Prize for Science (1996), the Gairdner Foundation International Award (1996), the Lounsbery Award of the National Academy of Sciences (1997), the Heineken Foundation Prize of the Netherlands Academy of Sciences (2000), the Louisa Gross Horwitz prize of Columbia University (2002), the Lasker Basic Science Award (2002), the Kavli Prize in Neuroscience (2010), the Massry Prize (2010), the EB. Wilson Medal (2010) and the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (2013). 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Mellon Fellow 1979\\\"],\\\"jobTitle\\\":[\\\"Sterling Professor of Cell Biology and Professor of Chemistry\\\",\\\"Chair, Cell Biology\\\",\\\"Director, Nanobiology Institute\\\"],\\\"affiliation\\\":[{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Biochemistry, Quantitative Biology, Biophysics and Structural Biology (BQBS)\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Cell Biology\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"http://cellbiology.yale.edu/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Diabetes Research Center\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://medicine.yale.edu/intmed/drc\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Fellowship Training\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Membrane Traffic\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"http://www.cellbiology.yale.edu/research/membrane.aspx\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Molecular Cell Biology, Genetics and Development\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"http://bbs.yale.edu/molecularcell\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Rothman Lab\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://medicine.yale.edu/cellbio/rothman/index.aspx\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Yale Combined Program in the Biological and Biomedical Sciences (BBS)\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"http://bbs.yale.edu\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Yale University\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://www.yale.edu/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}],\\\"alumniOf\\\":[{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Harvard Medical School (1976)\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Yale University (1971)\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Massachusetts Institute of Technology\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}],\\\"image\\\":{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"ImageObject\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://ysm-res.cloudinary.com/image/upload/c_limit,f_auto,h_630,q_auto,w_1200/v1/yms/prod/c7de36d3-0dfc-4494-b604-776be73db67b\\\",\\\"description\\\":\\\"\\\",\\\"height\\\":1200,\\\"width\\\":630,\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}],\\\"description\\\":\\\"Kümmel D, Krishnakumar SS, Radoff DT, Li F, Giraudo CG, Pincet F, Rothman JE, Reinisch KM. Complexin cross-links prefusion SNAREs into a zigzag array. Nature Structural & Molecular Biology 2011, 18:927-33.\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}\"},{\"schemaName\":\"MedicalScholarlyArticle\",\"jsonData\":\"{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"MedicalScholarlyArticle\\\",\\\"publicationType\\\":\\\"Journal Article\\\",\\\"inLanguage\\\":\\\"en-US\\\",\\\"headline\\\":\\\"A conformational switch in complexin is required for synaptotagmin to trigger synaptic fusion.\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21785412\\\",\\\"author\\\":[{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Person\\\",\\\"mainEntityOfPage\\\":{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"WebPage\\\",\\\"@id\\\":\\\"https://medicine.yale.edu/profile/james_rothman/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},\\\"name\\\":\\\"James E Rothman\\\",\\\"description\\\":\\\"Professor James Rothman, the Sterling Professor of Cell Biology at Yale University, is one of the world's most distinguished biochemists and cell biologists. He is Chairman of the Yale School of Medicine’s Department of Cell Biology and is the Director and founder of the Nanobiology Institute on Yale’s new West Campus. Rothman graduated from Yale College (1971) where he studied physics. He received his Ph.D. degree in biological chemistry from Harvard (1976) and was a student at Harvard Medical School from 1971 to 1973. From 1976 to 1978, he completed a fellowship in the Department of Biology at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. From 1978 to 1988, he was a professor in the Department of Biochemistry at Stanford University. Dr. Rothman was the E.R. Squibb Professor of Molecular Biology at Princeton University (1988-1991). He founded and chaired the Department of Cellular Biochemistry and Biophysics at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center (1991-2004), where he held the Paul A. Marks Chair and served as Vice-Chairman of Sloan-Kettering. Prior to coming to Yale in 2008, Dr. Rothman was the Wu Professor of Chemical Biology in the Department of Physiology and Cellular Biophysics, and Director of Columbia University’s Sulzberger Genome Center.Professor Rothman discovered key molecular machinery responsible for transfer of materials among compartments within cells, providing the conceptual framework for understanding such diverse and important processes as the release of insulin into the blood, communication between nerve cells in the brain, and the entry of viruses to infect cells. Numerous kinds of tiny membrane-enveloped vesicles ferry packets of enclosed cargo. Each type of vesicle must deliver its specialized cargo to the correct destination among the maze of distinct compartments that populate the cytoplasm of a complex animal cell. The delivery process, termed membrane fusion, is fundamental for physiology and medicine, as pathology in this process can cause metabolic, neuropsychiatric and other diseases. Rothman reconstituted vesicle budding and fusion in a cell-free system (1984) and discovered the complex of SNARE proteins (1993) which mediates membrane fusion and affords it specificity. He also uncovered the GTPase-switch mechanism which controls coated vesicle budding in the cell (1991).Rothman has also contributed to other fields. Together with Gero Miesenbock, he showed how patterns of synaptic activity in neural networks could be recorded optically using encoded synapto-pHlourins (1998). He discovered that hsp70’s are ATPases (1986) and peptide binding proteins (1989), thereby revealing how these molecular chaperones cycle on and off proteins to control their folding/unfolding. On theoretical grounds, he proposed (1981) that the role of the Golgi is to iteratively purify proteins, using its cisternae like plates in a distillation tower, an idea now implicit in all models of Golgi dynamics; and he provided the first evidence of sequential processing and vectorial transport across the stack (1981-1985). Rothman’s current research concerns the biophysics of membrane fusion and its regulation in exocytosis; the dynamics of the Golgi apparatus at super-resolution; and the use of bio-inspired design in nanotechnology.Dr. Rothman has received numerous awards and honors in recognition of his work on vesicle trafficking and membrane fusion, including the King Faisal International Prize for Science (1996), the Gairdner Foundation International Award (1996), the Lounsbery Award of the National Academy of Sciences (1997), the Heineken Foundation Prize of the Netherlands Academy of Sciences (2000), the Louisa Gross Horwitz prize of Columbia University (2002), the Lasker Basic Science Award (2002), the Kavli Prize in Neuroscience (2010), the Massry Prize (2010), the EB. Wilson Medal (2010) and the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (2013). He is a member of the National Academy of Sciences (1993) and its Institute of Medicine (1995), and a Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences (1994).\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://medicine.yale.edu/profile/james_rothman/\\\",\\\"email\\\":\\\"james.rothman@yale.edu\\\",\\\"telephone\\\":\\\"+12037375293\\\",\\\"honorificSuffix\\\":[null,\\\"PhD\\\"],\\\"award\\\":[\\\"The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2013\\\",\\\"The Kavli Prize for Neuroscience 2010\\\",\\\"The E.B. Wilson Medal 2010\\\",\\\"The Massry Prize 2010\\\",\\\"The Louisa Gross Horwitz Prize 2002\\\",\\\"The Lasker Award - Basic Medical Research 2002\\\",\\\"The Otto-Warburg Medal 2001\\\",\\\"The Heineken Prize 2000\\\",\\\"The Harden Medal 1997\\\",\\\"The Feodor Lynen Award 1997\\\",\\\"Dr. h.c. 1997\\\",\\\"The Lounsbery Award 1997\\\",\\\"Gairdner Fndn. Internat'l. Award 1996\\\",\\\"King Faisal Internat'l. 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Mellon Fellow 1979\\\"],\\\"jobTitle\\\":[\\\"Sterling Professor of Cell Biology and Professor of Chemistry\\\",\\\"Chair, Cell Biology\\\",\\\"Director, Nanobiology Institute\\\"],\\\"affiliation\\\":[{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Biochemistry, Quantitative Biology, Biophysics and Structural Biology (BQBS)\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Cell Biology\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"http://cellbiology.yale.edu/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Diabetes Research Center\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://medicine.yale.edu/intmed/drc\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Fellowship Training\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Membrane Traffic\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"http://www.cellbiology.yale.edu/research/membrane.aspx\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Molecular Cell Biology, Genetics and Development\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"http://bbs.yale.edu/molecularcell\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Rothman Lab\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://medicine.yale.edu/cellbio/rothman/index.aspx\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Yale Combined Program in the Biological and Biomedical Sciences (BBS)\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"http://bbs.yale.edu\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Yale University\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://www.yale.edu/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}],\\\"alumniOf\\\":[{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Harvard Medical School (1976)\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Yale University (1971)\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Massachusetts Institute of Technology\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}],\\\"image\\\":{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"ImageObject\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://ysm-res.cloudinary.com/image/upload/c_limit,f_auto,h_630,q_auto,w_1200/v1/yms/prod/c7de36d3-0dfc-4494-b604-776be73db67b\\\",\\\"description\\\":\\\"\\\",\\\"height\\\":1200,\\\"width\\\":630,\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}],\\\"description\\\":\\\"Krishnakumar SS, Radoff DT, Kümmel D, Giraudo CG, Li F, Khandan L, Baguley SW, Coleman J, Reinisch KM, Pincet F, Rothman JE. A conformational switch in complexin is required for synaptotagmin to trigger synaptic fusion. Nature Structural & Molecular Biology 2011, 18:934-40.\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}\"},{\"schemaName\":\"MedicalScholarlyArticle\",\"jsonData\":\"{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"MedicalScholarlyArticle\\\",\\\"publicationType\\\":\\\"Journal Article\\\",\\\"inLanguage\\\":\\\"en-US\\\",\\\"headline\\\":\\\"Complexin activates and clamps SNAREpins by a common mechanism involving an intermediate energetic state.\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21785413\\\",\\\"author\\\":[{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Person\\\",\\\"mainEntityOfPage\\\":{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"WebPage\\\",\\\"@id\\\":\\\"https://medicine.yale.edu/profile/james_rothman/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},\\\"name\\\":\\\"James E Rothman\\\",\\\"description\\\":\\\"Professor James Rothman, the Sterling Professor of Cell Biology at Yale University, is one of the world's most distinguished biochemists and cell biologists. He is Chairman of the Yale School of Medicine’s Department of Cell Biology and is the Director and founder of the Nanobiology Institute on Yale’s new West Campus. Rothman graduated from Yale College (1971) where he studied physics. He received his Ph.D. degree in biological chemistry from Harvard (1976) and was a student at Harvard Medical School from 1971 to 1973. From 1976 to 1978, he completed a fellowship in the Department of Biology at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. From 1978 to 1988, he was a professor in the Department of Biochemistry at Stanford University. Dr. Rothman was the E.R. Squibb Professor of Molecular Biology at Princeton University (1988-1991). He founded and chaired the Department of Cellular Biochemistry and Biophysics at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center (1991-2004), where he held the Paul A. Marks Chair and served as Vice-Chairman of Sloan-Kettering. Prior to coming to Yale in 2008, Dr. Rothman was the Wu Professor of Chemical Biology in the Department of Physiology and Cellular Biophysics, and Director of Columbia University’s Sulzberger Genome Center.Professor Rothman discovered key molecular machinery responsible for transfer of materials among compartments within cells, providing the conceptual framework for understanding such diverse and important processes as the release of insulin into the blood, communication between nerve cells in the brain, and the entry of viruses to infect cells. Numerous kinds of tiny membrane-enveloped vesicles ferry packets of enclosed cargo. Each type of vesicle must deliver its specialized cargo to the correct destination among the maze of distinct compartments that populate the cytoplasm of a complex animal cell. The delivery process, termed membrane fusion, is fundamental for physiology and medicine, as pathology in this process can cause metabolic, neuropsychiatric and other diseases. Rothman reconstituted vesicle budding and fusion in a cell-free system (1984) and discovered the complex of SNARE proteins (1993) which mediates membrane fusion and affords it specificity. He also uncovered the GTPase-switch mechanism which controls coated vesicle budding in the cell (1991).Rothman has also contributed to other fields. Together with Gero Miesenbock, he showed how patterns of synaptic activity in neural networks could be recorded optically using encoded synapto-pHlourins (1998). He discovered that hsp70’s are ATPases (1986) and peptide binding proteins (1989), thereby revealing how these molecular chaperones cycle on and off proteins to control their folding/unfolding. On theoretical grounds, he proposed (1981) that the role of the Golgi is to iteratively purify proteins, using its cisternae like plates in a distillation tower, an idea now implicit in all models of Golgi dynamics; and he provided the first evidence of sequential processing and vectorial transport across the stack (1981-1985). 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Professor James Rothman, the Sterling Professor of Cell Biology at Yale University, is one of the world's most distinguished biochemists and cell biologists. He is Chairman of the Yale School of Medicine’s Department of Cell Biology and is the Director and founder of the Nanobiology Institute on Yale’s new West Campus. Rothman graduated from Yale College (1971) where he studied physics. He received his Ph.D. degree in biological chemistry from Harvard (1976) and was a student at Harvard Medical School from 1971 to 1973. From 1976 to 1978, he completed a fellowship in the Department of Biology at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. From 1978 to 1988, he was a professor in the Department of Biochemistry at Stanford University. Dr. Rothman was the E.R. Squibb Professor of Molecular Biology at Princeton University (1988-1991). He founded and chaired the Department of Cellular Biochemistry and Biophysics at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center (1991-2004), where he held the Paul A. Marks Chair and served as Vice-Chairman of Sloan-Kettering. Prior to coming to Yale in 2008, Dr. Rothman was the Wu Professor of Chemical Biology in the Department of Physiology and Cellular Biophysics, and Director of Columbia University’s Sulzberger Genome Center.

Professor Rothman discovered key molecular machinery responsible for transfer of materials among compartments within cells, providing the conceptual framework for understanding such diverse and important processes as the release of insulin into the blood, communication between nerve cells in the brain, and the entry of viruses to infect cells. Numerous kinds of tiny membrane-enveloped vesicles ferry packets of enclosed cargo. Each type of vesicle must deliver its specialized cargo to the correct destination among the maze of distinct compartments that populate the cytoplasm of a complex animal cell. The delivery process, termed membrane fusion, is fundamental for physiology and medicine, as pathology in this process can cause metabolic, neuropsychiatric and other diseases. Rothman reconstituted vesicle budding and fusion in a cell-free system (1984) and discovered the complex of SNARE proteins (1993) which mediates membrane fusion and affords it specificity. He also uncovered the GTPase-switch mechanism which controls coated vesicle budding in the cell (1991).

Rothman has also contributed to other fields. Together with Gero Miesenbock, he showed how patterns of synaptic activity in neural networks could be recorded optically using encoded synapto-pHlourins (1998). He discovered that hsp70’s are ATPases (1986) and peptide binding proteins (1989), thereby revealing how these molecular chaperones cycle on and off proteins to control their folding/unfolding. On theoretical grounds, he proposed (1981) that the role of the Golgi is to iteratively purify proteins, using its cisternae like plates in a distillation tower, an idea now implicit in all models of Golgi dynamics; and he provided the first evidence of sequential processing and vectorial transport across the stack (1981-1985). Rothman’s current research concerns the biophysics of membrane fusion and its regulation in exocytosis; the dynamics of the Golgi apparatus at super-resolution; and the use of bio-inspired design in nanotechnology.

Dr. Rothman has received numerous awards and honors in recognition of his work on vesicle trafficking and membrane fusion, including the King Faisal International Prize for Science (1996), the Gairdner Foundation International Award (1996), the Lounsbery Award of the National Academy of Sciences (1997), the Heineken Foundation Prize of the Netherlands Academy of Sciences (2000), the Louisa Gross Horwitz prize of Columbia University (2002), the Lasker Basic Science Award (2002), the Kavli Prize in Neuroscience (2010), the Massry Prize (2010), the EB. Wilson Medal (2010) and the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (2013). He is a member of the National Academy of Sciences (1993) and its Institute of Medicine (1995), and a Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences (1994).

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Wilson Medal\",\"awardingOrganization\":\"American Society for Cell Biology for Science\",\"date\":\"2010\"},{\"award\":\"The Massry Prize\",\"awardingOrganization\":\"Meira and Shaul G. Massry Foundation\",\"date\":\"2010\"},{\"award\":\"The Louisa Gross Horwitz Prize\",\"awardingOrganization\":null,\"date\":\"2002\"},{\"award\":\"The Lasker Award - Basic Medical Research\",\"awardingOrganization\":null,\"date\":\"2002\"},{\"award\":\"The Otto-Warburg Medal\",\"awardingOrganization\":null,\"date\":\"2001\"},{\"award\":\"The Heineken Prize\",\"awardingOrganization\":null,\"date\":\"2000\"},{\"award\":\"The Harden Medal\",\"awardingOrganization\":null,\"date\":\"1997\"},{\"award\":\"The Feodor Lynen Award\",\"awardingOrganization\":null,\"date\":\"1997\"},{\"award\":\"Dr. h.c.\",\"awardingOrganization\":\"Univ. of Geneva\",\"date\":\"1997\"},{\"award\":\"The Lounsbery Award\",\"awardingOrganization\":\"Natl. Acad. of Sciences\",\"date\":\"1997\"},{\"award\":\"Gairdner Fndn. Internat'l. Award\",\"awardingOrganization\":null,\"date\":\"1996\"},{\"award\":\"King Faisal Internat'l. Prize in Science\",\"awardingOrganization\":null,\"date\":\"1996\"},{\"award\":\"The Fritz Lipmann Award\",\"awardingOrganization\":null,\"date\":\"1995\"},{\"award\":\"Dr. h.c.\",\"awardingOrganization\":\"Univ. of Regensburg\",\"date\":\"1995\"},{\"award\":\"Foreign Assoc., European Molec. Biol. Org'n.\",\"awardingOrganization\":null,\"date\":\"1995\"},{\"award\":\"Member, Institute of Med.\",\"awardingOrganization\":\"Natl. Acad. of Sciences\",\"date\":\"1995\"},{\"award\":\"Mayor's Award For Excellence in Sci. & Tech.\",\"awardingOrganization\":null,\"date\":\"1995\"},{\"award\":\"The Rosenstiel Award in Biomedical Sciences\",\"awardingOrganization\":null,\"date\":\"1994\"},{\"award\":\"The V.D. Mattia Award\",\"awardingOrganization\":null,\"date\":\"1994\"},{\"award\":\"Fellow, Amer. Acad. Arts & Sciences\",\"awardingOrganization\":null,\"date\":\"1994\"},{\"award\":\"Member, Natl. Acad. of Sciences\",\"awardingOrganization\":null,\"date\":\"1993\"},{\"award\":\"The Heinrich Wieland Prize\",\"awardingOrganization\":null,\"date\":\"1990\"},{\"award\":\"The Alexander Von Humboldt Award\",\"awardingOrganization\":null,\"date\":\"1989\"},{\"award\":\"Dreyfus Fndn. Teacher Scholar\",\"awardingOrganization\":null,\"date\":\"1986\"},{\"award\":\"The Eli Lilly Award for Fundamental Res. in Biol. Chem.\",\"awardingOrganization\":null,\"date\":\"1986\"},{\"award\":\"The Passano Young Scientist Award\",\"awardingOrganization\":null,\"date\":\"1986\"},{\"award\":\"Andrew W. Mellon Fellow\",\"awardingOrganization\":null,\"date\":\"1982\"},{\"award\":\"Dreyfus Fndn. Teacher Scholar\",\"awardingOrganization\":null,\"date\":\"1981\"},{\"award\":\"Andrew W. Mellon Fellow\",\"awardingOrganization\":null,\"date\":\"1979\"}],\"services\":[],\"activities\":[]},\"researchTab\":{\"research\":{\"description\":\"

The biophysical mechanisms of membrane fusion.
Regulation of vesicle fusion in synaptic transmission.
Structural and functional organization of the Golgi apparatus.

\",\"summary\":\"

We take an interdisciplinary approach, which includes cell-free biochemistry, single molecule biophysics, and super-resolution optical imaging of single events/single molecules in the cell and in cell-free formats. The overall goal is to understand transport pathways form structural mechanism to cellular physiology. We have a strong interest in new lab members who bring backgrounds in protein biochemistry, organic chemistry, biophysics, and bio-engineering.

Specialized Terms: Elucidating the underlying mechanisms of vesicular transport within cells; Secretion of hormones and neurotransmitters

\",\"researchInterests\":[\"Biochemistry\",\"Biophysics\",\"Chemistry\",\"Cell Biology\",\"Golgi Apparatus\",\"Membrane Fusion\",\"Synaptic Transmission\",\"Vesicular Transport Proteins\"],\"healthInterests\":[],\"researchImagesGallery\":null},\"publications\":[{\"title\":\"Complexin cross-links prefusion SNAREs into a zigzag array.\",\"citation\":\"Kümmel D, Krishnakumar SS, Radoff DT, Li F, Giraudo CG, Pincet F, Rothman JE, Reinisch KM. Complexin cross-links prefusion SNAREs into a zigzag array. Nature Structural & Molecular Biology 2011, 18:927-33.\",\"year\":2011,\"link\":{\"url\":\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21785414\",\"text\":\"Complexin cross-links prefusion SNAREs into a zigzag array.\"}},{\"title\":\"A conformational switch in complexin is required for synaptotagmin to trigger synaptic fusion.\",\"citation\":\"Krishnakumar SS, Radoff DT, Kümmel D, Giraudo CG, Li F, Khandan L, Baguley SW, Coleman J, Reinisch KM, Pincet F, Rothman JE. A conformational switch in complexin is required for synaptotagmin to trigger synaptic fusion. Nature Structural & Molecular Biology 2011, 18:934-40.\",\"year\":2011,\"link\":{\"url\":\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21785412\",\"text\":\"A conformational switch in complexin is required for synaptotagmin to trigger synaptic fusion.\"}},{\"title\":\"Complexin activates and clamps SNAREpins by a common mechanism involving an intermediate energetic state.\",\"citation\":\"Li F, Pincet F, Perez E, Giraudo CG, Tareste D, Rothman JE. Complexin activates and clamps SNAREpins by a common mechanism involving an intermediate energetic state. Nature Structural & Molecular Biology 2011, 18:941-6.\",\"year\":2011,\"link\":{\"url\":\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21785413\",\"text\":\"Complexin activates and clamps SNAREpins by a common mechanism involving an intermediate energetic state.\"}},{\"title\":\"Induction of cortical endoplasmic reticulum by dimerization of a coatomer-binding peptide anchored to endoplasmic reticulum membranes.\",\"citation\":\"Lavieu G, Orci L, Shi L, Geiling M, Ravazzola M, Wieland F, Cosson P, Rothman JE. Induction of cortical endoplasmic reticulum by dimerization of a coatomer-binding peptide anchored to endoplasmic reticulum membranes. Proceedings Of The National Academy Of Sciences Of The United States Of America 2010, 107:6876-81.\",\"year\":2010,\"link\":{\"url\":\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20351264\",\"text\":\"Induction of cortical endoplasmic reticulum by dimerization of a coatomer-binding peptide anchored to endoplasmic reticulum membranes.\"}},{\"title\":\"A fast, single-vesicle fusion assay mimics physiological SNARE requirements.\",\"citation\":\"Karatekin E, Di Giovanni J, Iborra C, Coleman J, O'Shaughnessy B, Seagar M, Rothman JE. A fast, single-vesicle fusion assay mimics physiological SNARE requirements. Proceedings Of The National Academy Of Sciences Of The United States Of America 2010, 107:3517-21.\",\"year\":2010,\"link\":{\"url\":\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20133592\",\"text\":\"A fast, single-vesicle fusion assay mimics physiological SNARE requirements.\"}}],\"clinicalTrials\":[],\"coauthors\":[]},\"patientCareTab\":null,\"newsTab\":{\"searchUrl\":\"/lab/rothman/search/?entityType=Article&profilePageName=james_rothman\",\"news\":[{\"id\":\"19965\",\"bylineDate\":\"2019-04-17T04:00:00-04:00\",\"title\":\"Yale’s Rothman Named Fellow of Royal Society\",\"summary\":\"James Rothman, PhD, Sterling Professor of Cell Biology and professor of chemistry, has been named a fellow of the Royal Society, an honor bestowed to scientists in the United Kingdom and select foreign members.\",\"thumbnail\":{\"url\":\"https://ysm-res.cloudinary.com/image/upload/v1/yms/prod/f616af08-da6b-45e0-bfbf-a34d18dba9f7\",\"altText\":null,\"width\":1430,\"height\":1850,\"imageVariants\":[{\"dimension\":\"Square\",\"url\":\"https://ysm-res.cloudinary.com/image/upload/v1/yms/prod/d1aa03b3-b93e-41aa-9237-949f5660614d\",\"width\":971,\"height\":971},{\"dimension\":\"Rectangle\",\"url\":\"https://ysm-res.cloudinary.com/image/upload/v1/yms/prod/6d23d66c-d403-4556-9e51-a96a24859557\",\"width\":1305,\"height\":895}]},\"url\":\"/lab/rothman/news-article/19965/\",\"isFeatured\":false,\"source\":null},{\"id\":\"19746\",\"bylineDate\":\"2019-03-26T04:00:00-04:00\",\"title\":\"James D. Jamieson, MD, PhD, Memorial Symposium on Monday, May 6\",\"summary\":\"An all-afternoon symposium will be held on Monday, May 6, in memory of James D. Jamieson, MD, PhD, who died last October.\",\"thumbnail\":{\"url\":\"https://ysm-res.cloudinary.com/image/upload/v1/yms/prod/b49a03f9-9233-451f-b697-7701c69ea298\",\"altText\":null,\"width\":794,\"height\":1092,\"imageVariants\":[{\"dimension\":\"Square\",\"url\":\"https://ysm-res.cloudinary.com/image/upload/v1/yms/prod/898f6c6a-7fb9-4e3d-b4b1-e2cc5abd7146\",\"width\":724,\"height\":724},{\"dimension\":\"Rectangle\",\"url\":\"https://ysm-res.cloudinary.com/image/upload/v1/yms/prod/966f7f4a-b46a-4557-ade4-6d4bd8fef2e3\",\"width\":794,\"height\":544}]},\"url\":\"/lab/rothman/news-article/19746/\",\"isFeatured\":false,\"source\":null},{\"id\":\"14792\",\"bylineDate\":\"2017-04-11T04:00:00-04:00\",\"title\":\"James Rothman appointed Sterling Professor of Cell Biology\",\"summary\":\"James E. Rothman, newly appointed as a Sterling Professor of Cell Biology, is one of the world's most distinguished biochemists and cell biologists. For his work on how molecular messages are transmitted inside and outside of human cells, he was awarded a Nobel Prize in 2013.\",\"thumbnail\":{\"url\":\"https://ysm-res.cloudinary.com/image/upload/v1/yms/prod/47b9fa47-6a90-49f3-a8fc-76589ae963cf\",\"altText\":null,\"width\":3546,\"height\":4964,\"imageVariants\":[{\"dimension\":\"Square\",\"url\":\"https://ysm-res.cloudinary.com/image/upload/v1/yms/prod/2a61b551-e421-44ba-9d36-e6522685d491\",\"width\":3546,\"height\":3546},{\"dimension\":\"Rectangle\",\"url\":\"https://ysm-res.cloudinary.com/image/upload/v1/yms/prod/bf3bf826-42b2-485c-a6b4-b6706e0a85cf\",\"width\":3546,\"height\":2432}]},\"url\":\"/lab/rothman/news-article/14792/\",\"isFeatured\":false,\"source\":null},{\"id\":\"14822\",\"bylineDate\":\"2017-04-11T04:00:00-04:00\",\"title\":\"James Rothman appointed Sterling Professor of Cell Biology\",\"summary\":\"James E. Rothman, newly appointed as a Sterling Professor of Cell Biology, is one of the world's most distinguished biochemists and cell biologists.\",\"thumbnail\":{\"url\":\"https://ysm-res.cloudinary.com/image/upload/v1/yms/prod/2c4af3e1-b76c-4759-8983-79e05a989413\",\"altText\":null,\"width\":3546,\"height\":4964,\"imageVariants\":[{\"dimension\":\"Square\",\"url\":\"https://ysm-res.cloudinary.com/image/upload/v1/yms/prod/9a133bc5-0b69-4d67-94d5-9f36d94854fc\",\"width\":3546,\"height\":3546},{\"dimension\":\"Rectangle\",\"url\":\"https://ysm-res.cloudinary.com/image/upload/v1/yms/prod/e3e566bc-42b6-4804-80eb-36eec3993ff0\",\"width\":3546,\"height\":2432}]},\"url\":\"/lab/rothman/news-article/14822/\",\"isFeatured\":false,\"source\":null},{\"id\":\"7309\",\"bylineDate\":\"2014-04-23T04:00:00-04:00\",\"title\":\"Doctors-to-be and Yale Nobel laureate to discuss their work at Student Research Day\",\"summary\":\"Yale School of Medicine students will showcase their fledgling research and Yale professor James E. Rothman will discuss the groundbreaking discoveries that earned him a Nobel Prize during this year’s Student Research Day on Wednesday, May 7.\",\"thumbnail\":{\"url\":\"https://ysm-res.cloudinary.com/image/upload/v1/yms/prod/6367d56a-315f-4d83-955f-0ef4363463ad\",\"altText\":null,\"width\":464,\"height\":270,\"imageVariants\":[]},\"url\":\"/lab/rothman/news-article/7309/\",\"isFeatured\":false,\"source\":null},{\"id\":\"6969\",\"bylineDate\":\"2014-02-21T05:00:00-05:00\",\"title\":\"From dead cells to live movies\",\"summary\":\"New light microscopes developed by Yale cell biologists are helping researchers unravel the complexities of human biology.\",\"thumbnail\":{\"url\":\"https://ysm-res.cloudinary.com/image/upload/v1/yms/prod/7eadf6c3-fc4b-4415-8b9d-1b6e63a06422\",\"altText\":null,\"width\":623,\"height\":398,\"imageVariants\":[{\"dimension\":\"Square\",\"url\":\"https://ysm-res.cloudinary.com/image/upload/v1/yms/prod/8b814dd5-1331-4a6e-9695-7a858196f127\",\"width\":398,\"height\":398},{\"dimension\":\"Rectangle\",\"url\":\"https://ysm-res.cloudinary.com/image/upload/v1/yms/prod/e02cccc6-37ee-4120-b8d9-4eb3f0a579fe\",\"width\":530,\"height\":398}]},\"url\":\"/lab/rothman/news-article/6969/\",\"isFeatured\":false,\"source\":null},{\"id\":\"6368\",\"bylineDate\":\"2013-12-12T05:00:00-05:00\",\"title\":\"Yale's two Nobel laureates receive their prizes\",\"summary\":\"Yale’s two laureates were among those honored at the 2013 Nobel Prize Award Ceremonies in Stockholm on Dec. 10.\",\"thumbnail\":{\"url\":\"https://ysm-res.cloudinary.com/image/upload/v1/yms/prod/c67b68c9-34ce-4531-9046-534b2be8e635\",\"altText\":null,\"width\":460,\"height\":307,\"imageVariants\":[]},\"url\":\"/lab/rothman/news-article/6368/\",\"isFeatured\":false,\"source\":null},{\"id\":\"6233\",\"bylineDate\":\"2013-11-19T05:00:00-05:00\",\"title\":\"Live stream at 3 p.m.: American Nobelists symposium at the Swedish embassy\",\"summary\":\"Yale professor James E. 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He is Chairman of the Yale School of Medicine’s Department of Cell Biology and is the Director and founder of the Nanobiology Institute on Yale’s new West Campus. Rothman graduated from Yale College (1971) where he studied physics. He received his Ph.D. degree in biological chemistry from Harvard (1976) and was a student at Harvard Medical School from 1971 to 1973. From 1976 to 1978, he completed a fellowship in the Department of Biology at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. From 1978 to 1988, he was a professor in the Department of Biochemistry at Stanford University. Dr. Rothman was the E.R. Squibb Professor of Molecular Biology at Princeton University (1988-1991). He founded and chaired the Department of Cellular Biochemistry and Biophysics at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center (1991-2004), where he held the Paul A. Marks Chair and served as Vice-Chairman of Sloan-Kettering. Prior to coming to Yale in 2008, Dr. Rothman was the Wu Professor of Chemical Biology in the Department of Physiology and Cellular Biophysics, and Director of Columbia University’s Sulzberger Genome Center.Professor Rothman discovered key molecular machinery responsible for transfer of materials among compartments within cells, providing the conceptual framework for understanding such diverse and important processes as the release of insulin into the blood, communication between nerve cells in the brain, and the entry of viruses to infect cells. Numerous kinds of tiny membrane-enveloped vesicles ferry packets of enclosed cargo. Each type of vesicle must deliver its specialized cargo to the correct destination among the maze of distinct compartments that populate the cytoplasm of a complex animal cell. The delivery process, termed membrane fusion, is fundamental for physiology and medicine, as pathology in this process can cause metabolic, neuropsychiatric and other diseases. Rothman reconstituted vesicle budding and fusion in a cell-free system (1984) and discovered the complex of SNARE proteins (1993) which mediates membrane fusion and affords it specificity. He also uncovered the GTPase-switch mechanism which controls coated vesicle budding in the cell (1991).Rothman has also contributed to other fields. Together with Gero Miesenbock, he showed how patterns of synaptic activity in neural networks could be recorded optically using encoded synapto-pHlourins (1998). He discovered that hsp70’s are ATPases (1986) and peptide binding proteins (1989), thereby revealing how these molecular chaperones cycle on and off proteins to control their folding/unfolding. On theoretical grounds, he proposed (1981) that the role of the Golgi is to iteratively purify proteins, using its cisternae like plates in a distillation tower, an idea now implicit in all models of Golgi dynamics; and he provided the first evidence of sequential processing and vectorial transport across the stack (1981-1985). Rothman’s current research concerns the biophysics of membrane fusion and its regulation in exocytosis; the dynamics of the Golgi apparatus at super-resolution; and the use of bio-inspired design in nanotechnology.Dr. Rothman has received numerous awards and honors in recognition of his work on vesicle trafficking and membrane fusion, including the King Faisal International Prize for Science (1996), the Gairdner Foundation International Award (1996), the Lounsbery Award of the National Academy of Sciences (1997), the Heineken Foundation Prize of the Netherlands Academy of Sciences (2000), the Louisa Gross Horwitz prize of Columbia University (2002), the Lasker Basic Science Award (2002), the Kavli Prize in Neuroscience (2010), the Massry Prize (2010), the EB. Wilson Medal (2010) and the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (2013). 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He is Chairman of the Yale School of Medicine’s Department of Cell Biology and is the Director and founder of the Nanobiology Institute on Yale’s new West Campus. Rothman graduated from Yale College (1971) where he studied physics. He received his Ph.D. degree in biological chemistry from Harvard (1976) and was a student at Harvard Medical School from 1971 to 1973. From 1976 to 1978, he completed a fellowship in the Department of Biology at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. From 1978 to 1988, he was a professor in the Department of Biochemistry at Stanford University. Dr. Rothman was the E.R. Squibb Professor of Molecular Biology at Princeton University (1988-1991). He founded and chaired the Department of Cellular Biochemistry and Biophysics at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center (1991-2004), where he held the Paul A. Marks Chair and served as Vice-Chairman of Sloan-Kettering. Prior to coming to Yale in 2008, Dr. Rothman was the Wu Professor of Chemical Biology in the Department of Physiology and Cellular Biophysics, and Director of Columbia University’s Sulzberger Genome Center.Professor Rothman discovered key molecular machinery responsible for transfer of materials among compartments within cells, providing the conceptual framework for understanding such diverse and important processes as the release of insulin into the blood, communication between nerve cells in the brain, and the entry of viruses to infect cells. Numerous kinds of tiny membrane-enveloped vesicles ferry packets of enclosed cargo. Each type of vesicle must deliver its specialized cargo to the correct destination among the maze of distinct compartments that populate the cytoplasm of a complex animal cell. The delivery process, termed membrane fusion, is fundamental for physiology and medicine, as pathology in this process can cause metabolic, neuropsychiatric and other diseases. Rothman reconstituted vesicle budding and fusion in a cell-free system (1984) and discovered the complex of SNARE proteins (1993) which mediates membrane fusion and affords it specificity. He also uncovered the GTPase-switch mechanism which controls coated vesicle budding in the cell (1991).Rothman has also contributed to other fields. Together with Gero Miesenbock, he showed how patterns of synaptic activity in neural networks could be recorded optically using encoded synapto-pHlourins (1998). He discovered that hsp70’s are ATPases (1986) and peptide binding proteins (1989), thereby revealing how these molecular chaperones cycle on and off proteins to control their folding/unfolding. On theoretical grounds, he proposed (1981) that the role of the Golgi is to iteratively purify proteins, using its cisternae like plates in a distillation tower, an idea now implicit in all models of Golgi dynamics; and he provided the first evidence of sequential processing and vectorial transport across the stack (1981-1985). Rothman’s current research concerns the biophysics of membrane fusion and its regulation in exocytosis; the dynamics of the Golgi apparatus at super-resolution; and the use of bio-inspired design in nanotechnology.Dr. Rothman has received numerous awards and honors in recognition of his work on vesicle trafficking and membrane fusion, including the King Faisal International Prize for Science (1996), the Gairdner Foundation International Award (1996), the Lounsbery Award of the National Academy of Sciences (1997), the Heineken Foundation Prize of the Netherlands Academy of Sciences (2000), the Louisa Gross Horwitz prize of Columbia University (2002), the Lasker Basic Science Award (2002), the Kavli Prize in Neuroscience (2010), the Massry Prize (2010), the EB. Wilson Medal (2010) and the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (2013). He is a member of the National Academy of Sciences (1993) and its Institute of Medicine (1995), and a Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences (1994).\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://medicine.yale.edu/profile/james_rothman/\\\",\\\"email\\\":\\\"james.rothman@yale.edu\\\",\\\"telephone\\\":\\\"+12037375293\\\",\\\"honorificSuffix\\\":[null,\\\"PhD\\\"],\\\"award\\\":[\\\"The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2013\\\",\\\"The Kavli Prize for Neuroscience 2010\\\",\\\"The E.B. Wilson Medal 2010\\\",\\\"The Massry Prize 2010\\\",\\\"The Louisa Gross Horwitz Prize 2002\\\",\\\"The Lasker Award - Basic Medical Research 2002\\\",\\\"The Otto-Warburg Medal 2001\\\",\\\"The Heineken Prize 2000\\\",\\\"The Harden Medal 1997\\\",\\\"The Feodor Lynen Award 1997\\\",\\\"Dr. h.c. 1997\\\",\\\"The Lounsbery Award 1997\\\",\\\"Gairdner Fndn. Internat'l. Award 1996\\\",\\\"King Faisal Internat'l. Prize in Science 1996\\\",\\\"The Fritz Lipmann Award 1995\\\",\\\"Dr. h.c. 1995\\\",\\\"Foreign Assoc., European Molec. Biol. Org'n. 1995\\\",\\\"Member, Institute of Med. 1995\\\",\\\"Mayor's Award For Excellence in Sci. & Tech. 1995\\\",\\\"The Rosenstiel Award in Biomedical Sciences 1994\\\",\\\"The V.D. Mattia Award 1994\\\",\\\"Fellow, Amer. Acad. Arts & Sciences 1994\\\",\\\"Member, Natl. Acad. of Sciences 1993\\\",\\\"The Heinrich Wieland Prize 1990\\\",\\\"The Alexander Von Humboldt Award 1989\\\",\\\"Dreyfus Fndn. Teacher Scholar 1986\\\",\\\"The Eli Lilly Award for Fundamental Res. in Biol. Chem. 1986\\\",\\\"The Passano Young Scientist Award 1986\\\",\\\"Andrew W. Mellon Fellow 1982\\\",\\\"Dreyfus Fndn. Teacher Scholar 1981\\\",\\\"Andrew W. Mellon Fellow 1979\\\"],\\\"jobTitle\\\":[\\\"Sterling Professor of Cell Biology and Professor of Chemistry\\\",\\\"Chair, Cell Biology\\\",\\\"Director, Nanobiology Institute\\\"],\\\"affiliation\\\":[{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Biochemistry, Quantitative Biology, Biophysics and Structural Biology (BQBS)\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Cell Biology\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"http://cellbiology.yale.edu/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Diabetes Research Center\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://medicine.yale.edu/intmed/drc\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Fellowship Training\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Membrane Traffic\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"http://www.cellbiology.yale.edu/research/membrane.aspx\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Molecular Cell Biology, Genetics and Development\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"http://bbs.yale.edu/molecularcell\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Rothman Lab\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://medicine.yale.edu/cellbio/rothman/index.aspx\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Yale Combined Program in the Biological and Biomedical Sciences (BBS)\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"http://bbs.yale.edu\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Yale University\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://www.yale.edu/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}],\\\"alumniOf\\\":[{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Harvard Medical School (1976)\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Yale University (1971)\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Massachusetts Institute of Technology\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}],\\\"image\\\":{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"ImageObject\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://ysm-res.cloudinary.com/image/upload/c_limit,f_auto,h_630,q_auto,w_1200/v1/yms/prod/c7de36d3-0dfc-4494-b604-776be73db67b\\\",\\\"description\\\":\\\"\\\",\\\"height\\\":1200,\\\"width\\\":630,\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}\"},{\"schemaName\":\"MedicalScholarlyArticle\",\"jsonData\":\"{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"MedicalScholarlyArticle\\\",\\\"publicationType\\\":\\\"Journal Article\\\",\\\"inLanguage\\\":\\\"en-US\\\",\\\"headline\\\":\\\"Complexin cross-links prefusion SNAREs into a zigzag array.\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21785414\\\",\\\"author\\\":[{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Person\\\",\\\"mainEntityOfPage\\\":{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"WebPage\\\",\\\"@id\\\":\\\"https://medicine.yale.edu/profile/james_rothman/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},\\\"name\\\":\\\"James E Rothman\\\",\\\"description\\\":\\\"Professor James Rothman, the Sterling Professor of Cell Biology at Yale University, is one of the world's most distinguished biochemists and cell biologists. He is Chairman of the Yale School of Medicine’s Department of Cell Biology and is the Director and founder of the Nanobiology Institute on Yale’s new West Campus. Rothman graduated from Yale College (1971) where he studied physics. He received his Ph.D. degree in biological chemistry from Harvard (1976) and was a student at Harvard Medical School from 1971 to 1973. From 1976 to 1978, he completed a fellowship in the Department of Biology at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. From 1978 to 1988, he was a professor in the Department of Biochemistry at Stanford University. Dr. Rothman was the E.R. Squibb Professor of Molecular Biology at Princeton University (1988-1991). He founded and chaired the Department of Cellular Biochemistry and Biophysics at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center (1991-2004), where he held the Paul A. Marks Chair and served as Vice-Chairman of Sloan-Kettering. Prior to coming to Yale in 2008, Dr. Rothman was the Wu Professor of Chemical Biology in the Department of Physiology and Cellular Biophysics, and Director of Columbia University’s Sulzberger Genome Center.Professor Rothman discovered key molecular machinery responsible for transfer of materials among compartments within cells, providing the conceptual framework for understanding such diverse and important processes as the release of insulin into the blood, communication between nerve cells in the brain, and the entry of viruses to infect cells. Numerous kinds of tiny membrane-enveloped vesicles ferry packets of enclosed cargo. Each type of vesicle must deliver its specialized cargo to the correct destination among the maze of distinct compartments that populate the cytoplasm of a complex animal cell. The delivery process, termed membrane fusion, is fundamental for physiology and medicine, as pathology in this process can cause metabolic, neuropsychiatric and other diseases. Rothman reconstituted vesicle budding and fusion in a cell-free system (1984) and discovered the complex of SNARE proteins (1993) which mediates membrane fusion and affords it specificity. He also uncovered the GTPase-switch mechanism which controls coated vesicle budding in the cell (1991).Rothman has also contributed to other fields. Together with Gero Miesenbock, he showed how patterns of synaptic activity in neural networks could be recorded optically using encoded synapto-pHlourins (1998). He discovered that hsp70’s are ATPases (1986) and peptide binding proteins (1989), thereby revealing how these molecular chaperones cycle on and off proteins to control their folding/unfolding. On theoretical grounds, he proposed (1981) that the role of the Golgi is to iteratively purify proteins, using its cisternae like plates in a distillation tower, an idea now implicit in all models of Golgi dynamics; and he provided the first evidence of sequential processing and vectorial transport across the stack (1981-1985). Rothman’s current research concerns the biophysics of membrane fusion and its regulation in exocytosis; the dynamics of the Golgi apparatus at super-resolution; and the use of bio-inspired design in nanotechnology.Dr. Rothman has received numerous awards and honors in recognition of his work on vesicle trafficking and membrane fusion, including the King Faisal International Prize for Science (1996), the Gairdner Foundation International Award (1996), the Lounsbery Award of the National Academy of Sciences (1997), the Heineken Foundation Prize of the Netherlands Academy of Sciences (2000), the Louisa Gross Horwitz prize of Columbia University (2002), the Lasker Basic Science Award (2002), the Kavli Prize in Neuroscience (2010), the Massry Prize (2010), the EB. Wilson Medal (2010) and the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (2013). He is a member of the National Academy of Sciences (1993) and its Institute of Medicine (1995), and a Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences (1994).\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://medicine.yale.edu/profile/james_rothman/\\\",\\\"email\\\":\\\"james.rothman@yale.edu\\\",\\\"telephone\\\":\\\"+12037375293\\\",\\\"honorificSuffix\\\":[null,\\\"PhD\\\"],\\\"award\\\":[\\\"The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2013\\\",\\\"The Kavli Prize for Neuroscience 2010\\\",\\\"The E.B. Wilson Medal 2010\\\",\\\"The Massry Prize 2010\\\",\\\"The Louisa Gross Horwitz Prize 2002\\\",\\\"The Lasker Award - Basic Medical Research 2002\\\",\\\"The Otto-Warburg Medal 2001\\\",\\\"The Heineken Prize 2000\\\",\\\"The Harden Medal 1997\\\",\\\"The Feodor Lynen Award 1997\\\",\\\"Dr. h.c. 1997\\\",\\\"The Lounsbery Award 1997\\\",\\\"Gairdner Fndn. Internat'l. Award 1996\\\",\\\"King Faisal Internat'l. 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Mellon Fellow 1979\\\"],\\\"jobTitle\\\":[\\\"Sterling Professor of Cell Biology and Professor of Chemistry\\\",\\\"Chair, Cell Biology\\\",\\\"Director, Nanobiology Institute\\\"],\\\"affiliation\\\":[{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Biochemistry, Quantitative Biology, Biophysics and Structural Biology (BQBS)\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Cell Biology\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"http://cellbiology.yale.edu/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Diabetes Research Center\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://medicine.yale.edu/intmed/drc\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Fellowship Training\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Membrane Traffic\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"http://www.cellbiology.yale.edu/research/membrane.aspx\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Molecular Cell Biology, Genetics and Development\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"http://bbs.yale.edu/molecularcell\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Rothman Lab\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://medicine.yale.edu/cellbio/rothman/index.aspx\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Yale Combined Program in the Biological and Biomedical Sciences (BBS)\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"http://bbs.yale.edu\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Yale University\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://www.yale.edu/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}],\\\"alumniOf\\\":[{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Harvard Medical School (1976)\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Yale University (1971)\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Massachusetts Institute of Technology\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}],\\\"image\\\":{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"ImageObject\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://ysm-res.cloudinary.com/image/upload/c_limit,f_auto,h_630,q_auto,w_1200/v1/yms/prod/c7de36d3-0dfc-4494-b604-776be73db67b\\\",\\\"description\\\":\\\"\\\",\\\"height\\\":1200,\\\"width\\\":630,\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}],\\\"description\\\":\\\"Kümmel D, Krishnakumar SS, Radoff DT, Li F, Giraudo CG, Pincet F, Rothman JE, Reinisch KM. Complexin cross-links prefusion SNAREs into a zigzag array. Nature Structural & Molecular Biology 2011, 18:927-33.\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}\"},{\"schemaName\":\"MedicalScholarlyArticle\",\"jsonData\":\"{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"MedicalScholarlyArticle\\\",\\\"publicationType\\\":\\\"Journal Article\\\",\\\"inLanguage\\\":\\\"en-US\\\",\\\"headline\\\":\\\"A conformational switch in complexin is required for synaptotagmin to trigger synaptic fusion.\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21785412\\\",\\\"author\\\":[{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Person\\\",\\\"mainEntityOfPage\\\":{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"WebPage\\\",\\\"@id\\\":\\\"https://medicine.yale.edu/profile/james_rothman/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},\\\"name\\\":\\\"James E Rothman\\\",\\\"description\\\":\\\"Professor James Rothman, the Sterling Professor of Cell Biology at Yale University, is one of the world's most distinguished biochemists and cell biologists. He is Chairman of the Yale School of Medicine’s Department of Cell Biology and is the Director and founder of the Nanobiology Institute on Yale’s new West Campus. Rothman graduated from Yale College (1971) where he studied physics. He received his Ph.D. degree in biological chemistry from Harvard (1976) and was a student at Harvard Medical School from 1971 to 1973. From 1976 to 1978, he completed a fellowship in the Department of Biology at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. From 1978 to 1988, he was a professor in the Department of Biochemistry at Stanford University. Dr. Rothman was the E.R. Squibb Professor of Molecular Biology at Princeton University (1988-1991). He founded and chaired the Department of Cellular Biochemistry and Biophysics at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center (1991-2004), where he held the Paul A. Marks Chair and served as Vice-Chairman of Sloan-Kettering. Prior to coming to Yale in 2008, Dr. Rothman was the Wu Professor of Chemical Biology in the Department of Physiology and Cellular Biophysics, and Director of Columbia University’s Sulzberger Genome Center.Professor Rothman discovered key molecular machinery responsible for transfer of materials among compartments within cells, providing the conceptual framework for understanding such diverse and important processes as the release of insulin into the blood, communication between nerve cells in the brain, and the entry of viruses to infect cells. Numerous kinds of tiny membrane-enveloped vesicles ferry packets of enclosed cargo. Each type of vesicle must deliver its specialized cargo to the correct destination among the maze of distinct compartments that populate the cytoplasm of a complex animal cell. The delivery process, termed membrane fusion, is fundamental for physiology and medicine, as pathology in this process can cause metabolic, neuropsychiatric and other diseases. Rothman reconstituted vesicle budding and fusion in a cell-free system (1984) and discovered the complex of SNARE proteins (1993) which mediates membrane fusion and affords it specificity. He also uncovered the GTPase-switch mechanism which controls coated vesicle budding in the cell (1991).Rothman has also contributed to other fields. Together with Gero Miesenbock, he showed how patterns of synaptic activity in neural networks could be recorded optically using encoded synapto-pHlourins (1998). He discovered that hsp70’s are ATPases (1986) and peptide binding proteins (1989), thereby revealing how these molecular chaperones cycle on and off proteins to control their folding/unfolding. On theoretical grounds, he proposed (1981) that the role of the Golgi is to iteratively purify proteins, using its cisternae like plates in a distillation tower, an idea now implicit in all models of Golgi dynamics; and he provided the first evidence of sequential processing and vectorial transport across the stack (1981-1985). Rothman’s current research concerns the biophysics of membrane fusion and its regulation in exocytosis; the dynamics of the Golgi apparatus at super-resolution; and the use of bio-inspired design in nanotechnology.Dr. Rothman has received numerous awards and honors in recognition of his work on vesicle trafficking and membrane fusion, including the King Faisal International Prize for Science (1996), the Gairdner Foundation International Award (1996), the Lounsbery Award of the National Academy of Sciences (1997), the Heineken Foundation Prize of the Netherlands Academy of Sciences (2000), the Louisa Gross Horwitz prize of Columbia University (2002), the Lasker Basic Science Award (2002), the Kavli Prize in Neuroscience (2010), the Massry Prize (2010), the EB. Wilson Medal (2010) and the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (2013). He is a member of the National Academy of Sciences (1993) and its Institute of Medicine (1995), and a Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences (1994).\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://medicine.yale.edu/profile/james_rothman/\\\",\\\"email\\\":\\\"james.rothman@yale.edu\\\",\\\"telephone\\\":\\\"+12037375293\\\",\\\"honorificSuffix\\\":[null,\\\"PhD\\\"],\\\"award\\\":[\\\"The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2013\\\",\\\"The Kavli Prize for Neuroscience 2010\\\",\\\"The E.B. Wilson Medal 2010\\\",\\\"The Massry Prize 2010\\\",\\\"The Louisa Gross Horwitz Prize 2002\\\",\\\"The Lasker Award - Basic Medical Research 2002\\\",\\\"The Otto-Warburg Medal 2001\\\",\\\"The Heineken Prize 2000\\\",\\\"The Harden Medal 1997\\\",\\\"The Feodor Lynen Award 1997\\\",\\\"Dr. h.c. 1997\\\",\\\"The Lounsbery Award 1997\\\",\\\"Gairdner Fndn. Internat'l. Award 1996\\\",\\\"King Faisal Internat'l. 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Mellon Fellow 1979\\\"],\\\"jobTitle\\\":[\\\"Sterling Professor of Cell Biology and Professor of Chemistry\\\",\\\"Chair, Cell Biology\\\",\\\"Director, Nanobiology Institute\\\"],\\\"affiliation\\\":[{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Biochemistry, Quantitative Biology, Biophysics and Structural Biology (BQBS)\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Cell Biology\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"http://cellbiology.yale.edu/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Diabetes Research Center\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://medicine.yale.edu/intmed/drc\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Fellowship Training\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Membrane Traffic\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"http://www.cellbiology.yale.edu/research/membrane.aspx\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Molecular Cell Biology, Genetics and Development\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"http://bbs.yale.edu/molecularcell\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Rothman Lab\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://medicine.yale.edu/cellbio/rothman/index.aspx\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Yale Combined Program in the Biological and Biomedical Sciences (BBS)\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"http://bbs.yale.edu\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Yale University\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://www.yale.edu/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}],\\\"alumniOf\\\":[{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Harvard Medical School (1976)\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Yale University (1971)\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Massachusetts Institute of Technology\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}],\\\"image\\\":{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"ImageObject\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://ysm-res.cloudinary.com/image/upload/c_limit,f_auto,h_630,q_auto,w_1200/v1/yms/prod/c7de36d3-0dfc-4494-b604-776be73db67b\\\",\\\"description\\\":\\\"\\\",\\\"height\\\":1200,\\\"width\\\":630,\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}],\\\"description\\\":\\\"Krishnakumar SS, Radoff DT, Kümmel D, Giraudo CG, Li F, Khandan L, Baguley SW, Coleman J, Reinisch KM, Pincet F, Rothman JE. A conformational switch in complexin is required for synaptotagmin to trigger synaptic fusion. Nature Structural & Molecular Biology 2011, 18:934-40.\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}\"},{\"schemaName\":\"MedicalScholarlyArticle\",\"jsonData\":\"{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"MedicalScholarlyArticle\\\",\\\"publicationType\\\":\\\"Journal Article\\\",\\\"inLanguage\\\":\\\"en-US\\\",\\\"headline\\\":\\\"Complexin activates and clamps SNAREpins by a common mechanism involving an intermediate energetic state.\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21785413\\\",\\\"author\\\":[{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Person\\\",\\\"mainEntityOfPage\\\":{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"WebPage\\\",\\\"@id\\\":\\\"https://medicine.yale.edu/profile/james_rothman/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},\\\"name\\\":\\\"James E Rothman\\\",\\\"description\\\":\\\"Professor James Rothman, the Sterling Professor of Cell Biology at Yale University, is one of the world's most distinguished biochemists and cell biologists. He is Chairman of the Yale School of Medicine’s Department of Cell Biology and is the Director and founder of the Nanobiology Institute on Yale’s new West Campus. Rothman graduated from Yale College (1971) where he studied physics. He received his Ph.D. degree in biological chemistry from Harvard (1976) and was a student at Harvard Medical School from 1971 to 1973. From 1976 to 1978, he completed a fellowship in the Department of Biology at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. From 1978 to 1988, he was a professor in the Department of Biochemistry at Stanford University. Dr. Rothman was the E.R. Squibb Professor of Molecular Biology at Princeton University (1988-1991). He founded and chaired the Department of Cellular Biochemistry and Biophysics at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center (1991-2004), where he held the Paul A. Marks Chair and served as Vice-Chairman of Sloan-Kettering. Prior to coming to Yale in 2008, Dr. Rothman was the Wu Professor of Chemical Biology in the Department of Physiology and Cellular Biophysics, and Director of Columbia University’s Sulzberger Genome Center.Professor Rothman discovered key molecular machinery responsible for transfer of materials among compartments within cells, providing the conceptual framework for understanding such diverse and important processes as the release of insulin into the blood, communication between nerve cells in the brain, and the entry of viruses to infect cells. Numerous kinds of tiny membrane-enveloped vesicles ferry packets of enclosed cargo. Each type of vesicle must deliver its specialized cargo to the correct destination among the maze of distinct compartments that populate the cytoplasm of a complex animal cell. The delivery process, termed membrane fusion, is fundamental for physiology and medicine, as pathology in this process can cause metabolic, neuropsychiatric and other diseases. Rothman reconstituted vesicle budding and fusion in a cell-free system (1984) and discovered the complex of SNARE proteins (1993) which mediates membrane fusion and affords it specificity. He also uncovered the GTPase-switch mechanism which controls coated vesicle budding in the cell (1991).Rothman has also contributed to other fields. Together with Gero Miesenbock, he showed how patterns of synaptic activity in neural networks could be recorded optically using encoded synapto-pHlourins (1998). He discovered that hsp70’s are ATPases (1986) and peptide binding proteins (1989), thereby revealing how these molecular chaperones cycle on and off proteins to control their folding/unfolding. On theoretical grounds, he proposed (1981) that the role of the Golgi is to iteratively purify proteins, using its cisternae like plates in a distillation tower, an idea now implicit in all models of Golgi dynamics; and he provided the first evidence of sequential processing and vectorial transport across the stack (1981-1985). Rothman’s current research concerns the biophysics of membrane fusion and its regulation in exocytosis; the dynamics of the Golgi apparatus at super-resolution; and the use of bio-inspired design in nanotechnology.Dr. Rothman has received numerous awards and honors in recognition of his work on vesicle trafficking and membrane fusion, including the King Faisal International Prize for Science (1996), the Gairdner Foundation International Award (1996), the Lounsbery Award of the National Academy of Sciences (1997), the Heineken Foundation Prize of the Netherlands Academy of Sciences (2000), the Louisa Gross Horwitz prize of Columbia University (2002), the Lasker Basic Science Award (2002), the Kavli Prize in Neuroscience (2010), the Massry Prize (2010), the EB. Wilson Medal (2010) and the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (2013). 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Prize in Science 1996\\\",\\\"The Fritz Lipmann Award 1995\\\",\\\"Dr. h.c. 1995\\\",\\\"Foreign Assoc., European Molec. Biol. Org'n. 1995\\\",\\\"Member, Institute of Med. 1995\\\",\\\"Mayor's Award For Excellence in Sci. & Tech. 1995\\\",\\\"The Rosenstiel Award in Biomedical Sciences 1994\\\",\\\"The V.D. Mattia Award 1994\\\",\\\"Fellow, Amer. Acad. Arts & Sciences 1994\\\",\\\"Member, Natl. Acad. of Sciences 1993\\\",\\\"The Heinrich Wieland Prize 1990\\\",\\\"The Alexander Von Humboldt Award 1989\\\",\\\"Dreyfus Fndn. Teacher Scholar 1986\\\",\\\"The Eli Lilly Award for Fundamental Res. in Biol. Chem. 1986\\\",\\\"The Passano Young Scientist Award 1986\\\",\\\"Andrew W. Mellon Fellow 1982\\\",\\\"Dreyfus Fndn. Teacher Scholar 1981\\\",\\\"Andrew W. Mellon Fellow 1979\\\"],\\\"jobTitle\\\":[\\\"Sterling Professor of Cell Biology and Professor of Chemistry\\\",\\\"Chair, Cell Biology\\\",\\\"Director, Nanobiology Institute\\\"],\\\"affiliation\\\":[{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Biochemistry, Quantitative Biology, Biophysics and Structural Biology (BQBS)\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Cell Biology\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"http://cellbiology.yale.edu/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Diabetes Research Center\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://medicine.yale.edu/intmed/drc\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Fellowship Training\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Membrane Traffic\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"http://www.cellbiology.yale.edu/research/membrane.aspx\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Molecular Cell Biology, Genetics and Development\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"http://bbs.yale.edu/molecularcell\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Rothman Lab\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://medicine.yale.edu/cellbio/rothman/index.aspx\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Yale Combined Program in the Biological and Biomedical Sciences (BBS)\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"http://bbs.yale.edu\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Yale University\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://www.yale.edu/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}],\\\"alumniOf\\\":[{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Harvard Medical School (1976)\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Yale University (1971)\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Massachusetts Institute of Technology\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}],\\\"image\\\":{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"ImageObject\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://ysm-res.cloudinary.com/image/upload/c_limit,f_auto,h_630,q_auto,w_1200/v1/yms/prod/c7de36d3-0dfc-4494-b604-776be73db67b\\\",\\\"description\\\":\\\"\\\",\\\"height\\\":1200,\\\"width\\\":630,\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}],\\\"description\\\":\\\"Li F, Pincet F, Perez E, Giraudo CG, Tareste D, Rothman JE. Complexin activates and clamps SNAREpins by a common mechanism involving an intermediate energetic state. Nature Structural & Molecular Biology 2011, 18:941-6.\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}\"},{\"schemaName\":\"MedicalScholarlyArticle\",\"jsonData\":\"{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"MedicalScholarlyArticle\\\",\\\"publicationType\\\":\\\"Journal Article\\\",\\\"inLanguage\\\":\\\"en-US\\\",\\\"headline\\\":\\\"Induction of cortical endoplasmic reticulum by dimerization of a coatomer-binding peptide anchored to endoplas\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20351264\\\",\\\"author\\\":[{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Person\\\",\\\"mainEntityOfPage\\\":{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"WebPage\\\",\\\"@id\\\":\\\"https://medicine.yale.edu/profile/james_rothman/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},\\\"name\\\":\\\"James E Rothman\\\",\\\"description\\\":\\\"Professor James Rothman, the Sterling Professor of Cell Biology at Yale University, is one of the world's most distinguished biochemists and cell biologists. He is Chairman of the Yale School of Medicine’s Department of Cell Biology and is the Director and founder of the Nanobiology Institute on Yale’s new West Campus. Rothman graduated from Yale College (1971) where he studied physics. He received his Ph.D. degree in biological chemistry from Harvard (1976) and was a student at Harvard Medical School from 1971 to 1973. From 1976 to 1978, he completed a fellowship in the Department of Biology at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. From 1978 to 1988, he was a professor in the Department of Biochemistry at Stanford University. Dr. Rothman was the E.R. Squibb Professor of Molecular Biology at Princeton University (1988-1991). He founded and chaired the Department of Cellular Biochemistry and Biophysics at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center (1991-2004), where he held the Paul A. Marks Chair and served as Vice-Chairman of Sloan-Kettering. Prior to coming to Yale in 2008, Dr. Rothman was the Wu Professor of Chemical Biology in the Department of Physiology and Cellular Biophysics, and Director of Columbia University’s Sulzberger Genome Center.Professor Rothman discovered key molecular machinery responsible for transfer of materials among compartments within cells, providing the conceptual framework for understanding such diverse and important processes as the release of insulin into the blood, communication between nerve cells in the brain, and the entry of viruses to infect cells. Numerous kinds of tiny membrane-enveloped vesicles ferry packets of enclosed cargo. Each type of vesicle must deliver its specialized cargo to the correct destination among the maze of distinct compartments that populate the cytoplasm of a complex animal cell. The delivery process, termed membrane fusion, is fundamental for physiology and medicine, as pathology in this process can cause metabolic, neuropsychiatric and other diseases. Rothman reconstituted vesicle budding and fusion in a cell-free system (1984) and discovered the complex of SNARE proteins (1993) which mediates membrane fusion and affords it specificity. He also uncovered the GTPase-switch mechanism which controls coated vesicle budding in the cell (1991).Rothman has also contributed to other fields. Together with Gero Miesenbock, he showed how patterns of synaptic activity in neural networks could be recorded optically using encoded synapto-pHlourins (1998). He discovered that hsp70’s are ATPases (1986) and peptide binding proteins (1989), thereby revealing how these molecular chaperones cycle on and off proteins to control their folding/unfolding. On theoretical grounds, he proposed (1981) that the role of the Golgi is to iteratively purify proteins, using its cisternae like plates in a distillation tower, an idea now implicit in all models of Golgi dynamics; and he provided the first evidence of sequential processing and vectorial transport across the stack (1981-1985). 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He is a member of the National Academy of Sciences (1993) and its Institute of Medicine (1995), and a Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences (1994).\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://medicine.yale.edu/profile/james_rothman/\\\",\\\"email\\\":\\\"james.rothman@yale.edu\\\",\\\"telephone\\\":\\\"+12037375293\\\",\\\"honorificSuffix\\\":[null,\\\"PhD\\\"],\\\"award\\\":[\\\"The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2013\\\",\\\"The Kavli Prize for Neuroscience 2010\\\",\\\"The E.B. Wilson Medal 2010\\\",\\\"The Massry Prize 2010\\\",\\\"The Louisa Gross Horwitz Prize 2002\\\",\\\"The Lasker Award - Basic Medical Research 2002\\\",\\\"The Otto-Warburg Medal 2001\\\",\\\"The Heineken Prize 2000\\\",\\\"The Harden Medal 1997\\\",\\\"The Feodor Lynen Award 1997\\\",\\\"Dr. h.c. 1997\\\",\\\"The Lounsbery Award 1997\\\",\\\"Gairdner Fndn. Internat'l. Award 1996\\\",\\\"King Faisal Internat'l. Prize in Science 1996\\\",\\\"The Fritz Lipmann Award 1995\\\",\\\"Dr. h.c. 1995\\\",\\\"Foreign Assoc., European Molec. Biol. Org'n. 1995\\\",\\\"Member, Institute of Med. 1995\\\",\\\"Mayor's Award For Excellence in Sci. & Tech. 1995\\\",\\\"The Rosenstiel Award in Biomedical Sciences 1994\\\",\\\"The V.D. Mattia Award 1994\\\",\\\"Fellow, Amer. Acad. Arts & Sciences 1994\\\",\\\"Member, Natl. Acad. of Sciences 1993\\\",\\\"The Heinrich Wieland Prize 1990\\\",\\\"The Alexander Von Humboldt Award 1989\\\",\\\"Dreyfus Fndn. Teacher Scholar 1986\\\",\\\"The Eli Lilly Award for Fundamental Res. in Biol. Chem. 1986\\\",\\\"The Passano Young Scientist Award 1986\\\",\\\"Andrew W. Mellon Fellow 1982\\\",\\\"Dreyfus Fndn. Teacher Scholar 1981\\\",\\\"Andrew W. 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Induction of cortical endoplasmic reticulum by dimerization of a coatomer-binding peptide anchored to endoplasmic reticulum membranes. 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He is Chairman of the Yale School of Medicine’s Department of Cell Biology and is the Director and founder of the Nanobiology Institute on Yale’s new West Campus. Rothman graduated from Yale College (1971) where he studied physics. He received his Ph.D. degree in biological chemistry from Harvard (1976) and was a student at Harvard Medical School from 1971 to 1973. From 1976 to 1978, he completed a fellowship in the Department of Biology at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. From 1978 to 1988, he was a professor in the Department of Biochemistry at Stanford University. Dr. Rothman was the E.R. Squibb Professor of Molecular Biology at Princeton University (1988-1991). He founded and chaired the Department of Cellular Biochemistry and Biophysics at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center (1991-2004), where he held the Paul A. Marks Chair and served as Vice-Chairman of Sloan-Kettering. Prior to coming to Yale in 2008, Dr. Rothman was the Wu Professor of Chemical Biology in the Department of Physiology and Cellular Biophysics, and Director of Columbia University’s Sulzberger Genome Center.Professor Rothman discovered key molecular machinery responsible for transfer of materials among compartments within cells, providing the conceptual framework for understanding such diverse and important processes as the release of insulin into the blood, communication between nerve cells in the brain, and the entry of viruses to infect cells. Numerous kinds of tiny membrane-enveloped vesicles ferry packets of enclosed cargo. Each type of vesicle must deliver its specialized cargo to the correct destination among the maze of distinct compartments that populate the cytoplasm of a complex animal cell. The delivery process, termed membrane fusion, is fundamental for physiology and medicine, as pathology in this process can cause metabolic, neuropsychiatric and other diseases. Rothman reconstituted vesicle budding and fusion in a cell-free system (1984) and discovered the complex of SNARE proteins (1993) which mediates membrane fusion and affords it specificity. He also uncovered the GTPase-switch mechanism which controls coated vesicle budding in the cell (1991).Rothman has also contributed to other fields. Together with Gero Miesenbock, he showed how patterns of synaptic activity in neural networks could be recorded optically using encoded synapto-pHlourins (1998). He discovered that hsp70’s are ATPases (1986) and peptide binding proteins (1989), thereby revealing how these molecular chaperones cycle on and off proteins to control their folding/unfolding. On theoretical grounds, he proposed (1981) that the role of the Golgi is to iteratively purify proteins, using its cisternae like plates in a distillation tower, an idea now implicit in all models of Golgi dynamics; and he provided the first evidence of sequential processing and vectorial transport across the stack (1981-1985). 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