2024
The association between aberrant salience and psychotic experiences in general population twins, and genetic vulnerability as a modifier
Drukker M, Todor T, Bongaarts J, Broggi E, Kelkar M, Wigglesworth T, Verhiel K, van Leeuwen K, Koster M, Derom C, Thiery E, De Hert M, Menne-Lothmann C, Decoster J, Collip D, van Winkel R, Jacobs N, Guloksuz S, Rutten B, van Os J. The association between aberrant salience and psychotic experiences in general population twins, and genetic vulnerability as a modifier. BMC Psychiatry 2024, 24: 736. PMID: 39462331, PMCID: PMC11515186, DOI: 10.1186/s12888-024-06176-2.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdolescentAdultDiseases in TwinsFemaleGenetic Predisposition to DiseaseHumansMaleMiddle AgedPsychotic DisordersTwinsYoung AdultConceptsAberrant salienceGeneral population twinsPsychotic experiencesGenetic vulnerabilityGeneral population samplePsychotic symptomsAssociated with psychotic experiencesUltra-high-risk patientsPositive symptom scalesSubclinical psychotic symptomsWhite noise taskEpisode psychosis patientsAssociated with psychosisPopulation samplePsychosis spectrumPsychosis patientsSymptom ScaleNoise taskSaliencePsychosisSevere endVulnerabilitySymptomsTaskAssociation
2023
The effect of duration of untreated psychosis (DUP) on the risk for hospitalization after admission to a first episode service
Ferrara M, Guloksuz S, Hazan H, Li F, Tek C, Sykes L, Riley S, Keshavan M, Srihari V. The effect of duration of untreated psychosis (DUP) on the risk for hospitalization after admission to a first episode service. Schizophrenia Research 2023, 260: 198-204. PMID: 37688984, DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2023.08.005.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsFirst-episode psychosis servicesLength of stayUntreated psychosisPsychiatric hospitalizationFirst-episode servicesDuration of hospitalizationIncidence rate ratiosNon-affective psychosisNew Haven areaPoisson regression modelsPatient characteristicsHospitalization ratesRecent onsetMedical recordsHospitalizationEffect of durationNegative binomial regressionSpecialized treatmentPsychosisRate ratioBinomial regressionAdmissionDUPEnrollmentFirst yearAssociations Between Childhood Area-Level Social Fragmentation, Maladaptation to School, and Social Functioning Among Healthy Youth and Those at Clinical High Risk for Psychosis
Ku B, Addington J, Bearden C, Cadenhead K, Cannon T, Compton M, Cornblatt B, Druss B, Gülöksüz S, Mathalon D, Perkins D, Tsuang M, Walker E, Woods S, Carrión R. Associations Between Childhood Area-Level Social Fragmentation, Maladaptation to School, and Social Functioning Among Healthy Youth and Those at Clinical High Risk for Psychosis. Schizophrenia Bulletin 2023, 49: 1437-1446. PMID: 37358832, PMCID: PMC10686327, DOI: 10.1093/schbul/sbad093.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdolescentAdultHumansLongitudinal StudiesPsychotic DisordersRetrospective StudiesSchoolsSocial InteractionConceptsClinical high riskHealthy comparisonsSocial functioningHigh riskPoor social functioningNorth American Prodrome Longitudinal StudyImportant risk factorRisk factorsPsychotic disordersEffective interventionsHealthy youthChildhoodLongitudinal studyAdulthoodPsychosisAssociationAdultsMaladaptationRiskSocial deficitsFurther researchFunctioningCommunity levelThe association between polygenic risk scores for mental disorders and social cognition: A scoping review
Fusar-Poli L, Rodolico A, Martinez M, Fichera C, Lin B, Basadonne I, Concerto C, Aguglia E, Guloksuz S, Signorelli M. The association between polygenic risk scores for mental disorders and social cognition: A scoping review. Journal Of Psychiatric Research 2023, 164: 389-401. PMID: 37418886, DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2023.06.029.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAttention Deficit Disorder with HyperactivityAutism Spectrum DisorderHumansPsychotic DisordersRisk FactorsSocial CognitionConceptsAutism spectrum disorderSocial cognitionMental disordersAttention deficit hyperactivity disorderReal-world functioningSC deficitsEmotion recognitionHyperactivity disorderSpectrum disorderPresent impairmentsPolygenic risk scoresCognitionFuture researchMolecular genetic riskSignificant difficultiesSpecific disordersDisordersUnaffected relativesGenetic riskRisk scorePeopleUnderstanding of mechanismsFunctioningEnvironmental risk factorsScoresThe Ethics of Risk Prediction for Psychosis and Suicide Attempt in Youth Mental Health
Smith W, Appelbaum P, Lebowitz M, Gülöksüz S, Calkins M, Kohler C, Gur R, Barzilay R. The Ethics of Risk Prediction for Psychosis and Suicide Attempt in Youth Mental Health. The Journal Of Pediatrics 2023, 263: 113583. PMID: 37353146, PMCID: PMC10828819, DOI: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2023.113583.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdolescentArtificial IntelligenceHumansMental HealthPsychotic DisordersRisk FactorsSuicide, AttemptedConceptsEthical implicationsDistinct ethical challengesEthical challengesEthicsInformed consentBroader discussionPolygenic risk scoresClinical utilityRisk scoreSuicide attemptsQuestionsYouth mental health settingsRisk-benefit balancePopulation-level screeningConsumer advertisingPotential clinical utilityMental health settingsAttemptConsentClinical questionsPredictive scoreHealth settingsNarrative literature reviewImplicationsLiterature reviewAssociations between genetic liabilities to smoking behavior and schizophrenia symptoms in patients with a psychotic disorder, their siblings and healthy controls
Lin B, Vermeulen J, Bolhuis K, Chang X, Schirmbeck F, van Eijk K, investigators G, Alizadeh B, Bartels-Velthuis A, van Amelsvoort T, Bruggeman R, Cahn W, de Haan L, Rutten B, Guloksuz S, Luykx J, van Os J, Simons C, van Winkel R, Guloksuz S, Blankers M, van den Brink W, de Haan L, Luykx J. Associations between genetic liabilities to smoking behavior and schizophrenia symptoms in patients with a psychotic disorder, their siblings and healthy controls. Psychiatry Research 2023, 323: 115143. PMID: 36948018, DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2023.115143.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsHealthy controlsSmoking behaviorPsychotic symptomsSchizophrenia symptomsUnaffected siblingsProspective cohort studySix-year followMental health symptomsSymptom dimensionsCohort studyRisk factorsDepressive symptomsPsychotic disordersPatientsPositive symptomsHealth symptomsNegative symptomsSimilar effect sizesSymptomsLinear mixed-effects modelsMixed-effects modelsGenetic riskMean numberPolygenic scoresOverall sampleAssociations Between Polygenic Risk Score Loading, Psychosis Liability, and Clozapine Use Among Individuals With Schizophrenia
Lin B, Pinzón-Espinosa J, Blouzard E, van der Horst M, Okhuijsen-Pfeifer C, van Eijk K, Guloksuz S, Peyrot W, Luykx J, Hasan A, Wagner E, Pantelis C, Everall I, Ayhan Y, Babaoğlu M, Bak M, Alink W, Beld E, Bouhuis A, Edlinger M, Erdoğan I, Gutwinski S, Hallikainen T, Jeger-land E, Lähteenvuo M, de Koning M, Morgenroth C, Müderrisoğlu A, Oviedo-Salcedo T, Schreiter S, Repo-Tiihonen E, Tuppurainen H, Veereschild M, Veerman S, de Vos M, Cohen D, Bogers J, Anıl Yağcıoğlu A, Tiihonen J, Ripke S, Bousman C, Van Beek H, Okhuijsen-Pfeifer C, van der Horst M, van Eijk K, Ertuğrul A, Yoca G, Görlitz T, Grootens K, Leucht S, Narang A, Schneider-Thoma J, Kahn R, Bekema E, Kleymann P, Luykx J, Alizadeh B, van Amelsvoort T, Cahn W, de Haan L, Schirmbeck F, Simons C, van Os J, Rutten B, van Winkel R. Associations Between Polygenic Risk Score Loading, Psychosis Liability, and Clozapine Use Among Individuals With Schizophrenia. JAMA Psychiatry 2023, 80: 181-185. PMID: 36542388, PMCID: PMC9857760, DOI: 10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2022.4234.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdultAntipsychotic AgentsClozapineFemaleHumansMultifactorial InheritancePsychotic DisordersRisk FactorsSchizophreniaConceptsSchizophrenia spectrum disordersRisk ratioPolygenic risk scoresUnrelated healthy controlsRisk scorePRS-SCZClozapine useHealthy controlsOdds ratioCourse of illnessHigher likelihoodPsychosis liabilityClozapine prescribingClozapine prescriptionPharmacotherapy choicesClozapine treatmentObservational cohortMedication useAntipsychotic useAntipsychotic treatmentMAIN OUTCOMEMultinomial logistic regressionPrognostic studiesAntipsychoticsEarly intervention
2022
Bidirectional relationships between cannabis use, anxiety and depressive symptoms in the mediation of the association with psychotic experience: further support for an affective pathway to psychosis
Radhakrishnan R, Pries LK, Erzin G, Have M, de Graaf R, van Dorsselaer S, Gunther N, Bak M, Rutten BPF, van Os J, Guloksuz S. Bidirectional relationships between cannabis use, anxiety and depressive symptoms in the mediation of the association with psychotic experience: further support for an affective pathway to psychosis. Psychological Medicine 2022, 53: 5551-5557. PMID: 36093677, PMCID: PMC10482707, DOI: 10.1017/s0033291722002756.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAnxietyCannabinoid Receptor AgonistsCannabisDepressionHumansLongitudinal StudiesPsychotic DisordersConceptsAnxiety/depressive symptomsDepressive symptomsCannabis usePE incidencePsychotic experiencesFirst longitudinal cohort studyNetherlands Mental Health SurveyLongitudinal cohort studyMental Health SurveyRole of cannabisBidirectional relationshipCohort studyHealth SurveyIncidence studyAffective symptomsSymptomsCannabisEducation statusLongitudinal studyPsychosisIncidenceAnxietyTemporal relationshipMediation analysisFurther supportThe association between cannabis use and facial emotion recognition in schizophrenia, siblings, and healthy controls: Results from the EUGEI study
Fusar-Poli L, Pries LK, van Os J, Radhakrishnan R, Pençe AY, Erzin G, Delespaul P, Kenis G, Luykx JJ, Lin BD, Akdede B, Binbay T, Altınyazar V, Yalınçetin B, Gümüş-Akay G, Cihan B, Soygür H, Ulaş H, Cankurtaran EŞ, Kaymak SU, Mihaljevic MM, Andric-Petrovic S, Mirjanic T, Bernardo M, Mezquida G, Amoretti S, Bobes J, Saiz PA, García-Portilla MP, Sanjuan J, Aguilar EJ, Santos JL, Jiménez-López E, Arrojo M, Carracedo A, López G, González-Peñas J, Parellada M, Maric NP, Atbaşoğlu C, Üçok A, Alptekin K, Saka MC, investigators G, Aguglia E, Arango C, Rutten BP, Guloksuz S. The association between cannabis use and facial emotion recognition in schizophrenia, siblings, and healthy controls: Results from the EUGEI study. European Neuropsychopharmacology 2022, 63: 47-59. PMID: 36055075, DOI: 10.1016/j.euroneuro.2022.08.003.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsCannabinoid Receptor AgonistsCannabisCross-Sectional StudiesEmotionsFacial RecognitionHumansPsychotic DisordersSchizophreniaSiblingsConceptsHealthy controlsCannabis useDegraded Facial Affect Recognition TaskPresent cross-sectional studyCross-sectional studyHigh genetic riskProgression of schizophreniaRegular cannabis useCognitive disturbancesRegular cannabisPsychosis riskPatientsSchizophreniaFacial emotion recognition performanceGenetic riskCannabisCurrent cannabisEUGEI studyLongitudinal studyAgeSiblingsAssociationRiskOnsetEffect relationshipReducing Delay From Referral to Admission at a U.S. First-Episode Psychosis Service: A Quality Improvement Initiative
Ferrara M, Gallagher K, Yoviene Sykes LA, Markovich P, Li F, Pollard JM, Imetovski S, Cahill J, Guloksuz S, Srihari VH. Reducing Delay From Referral to Admission at a U.S. First-Episode Psychosis Service: A Quality Improvement Initiative. Psychiatric Services 2022, 73: 1416-1419. PMID: 35652190, PMCID: PMC9715806, DOI: 10.1176/appi.ps.202100374.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsEarly DiagnosisHospitalizationHumansPsychotic DisordersQuality ImprovementReferral and ConsultationConceptsFirst-episode psychosis servicesConfirmation of eligibilityEarly detection campaignsProportion of admissionsSpecialty care servicesQuality improvement interventionsQuality improvement initiativesLonger DUPMedian delayPoor outcomeUntreated psychosisTreatment accessPsychosis onsetPsychosis servicesCSC servicesCare servicesImprovement interventionsAdmissionImprovement initiativesDetection campaignsInterventionGreater vulnerabilityReferralPsychosisEarly intervention service systems for youth mental health: integrating pluripotentiality, clinical staging, and transdiagnostic lessons from early psychosis
Shah J, Jones N, van Os J, McGorry P, Gülöksüz S. Early intervention service systems for youth mental health: integrating pluripotentiality, clinical staging, and transdiagnostic lessons from early psychosis. The Lancet Psychiatry 2022, 9: 413-422. PMID: 35430004, DOI: 10.1016/s2215-0366(21)00467-3.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdolescentEarly Intervention, EducationalEarly Medical InterventionHumansMental HealthPsychotic DisordersSyndromeConceptsRisk mental stateBroader mental health systemNon-psychotic disordersPerson-centred careMental health systemYouth mental healthClinical stagingEarly intervention service systemFirst episodeRelevance of outcomesEarly psychosisCenters of expertiseFrequent developmentDifferential riskClinical researchHealth systemPsychosisSpecific interventionsMental healthSyndromeMental statesDisordersTraditional diagnosisOutcomesClinicGender differences in the association between environment and psychosis
Pence AY, Pries LK, Ferrara M, Rutten BPF, van Os J, Guloksuz S. Gender differences in the association between environment and psychosis. Schizophrenia Research 2022, 243: 120-137. PMID: 35287098, DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2022.02.039.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAge of OnsetChildComorbidityFemaleHumansMalePsychotic DisordersSex FactorsSubstance-Related DisordersConceptsGender-related differencesChildhood adversityPsychosis riskSubstance useSubstance abuse comorbidityEnvironmental exposuresOnset of illnessAssociation of psychosisObstetric complicationsDifferent symptom dimensionsSeason of birthPsychosis spectrum disordersHigh prevalencePsychotic disordersPubMed databaseSystematic reviewPsychosisWomenChildhood abuseSymptom dimensionsMenEarly ageAssociationPsychosis expressionFurther investigation
2021
Association between exposome score for schizophrenia and functioning in first-episode psychosis: results from the Athens first-episode psychosis research study
Erzin G, Pries L, Dimitrakopoulos S, Ralli I, Xenaki L, Soldatos R, Vlachos I, Selakovic M, Foteli S, Kosteletos I, Nianiakas N, Mantonakis L, Rizos E, Kollias K, Van Os J, Guloksuz S, Stefanis N. Association between exposome score for schizophrenia and functioning in first-episode psychosis: results from the Athens first-episode psychosis research study. Psychological Medicine 2021, 53: 2609-2618. PMID: 34789350, PMCID: PMC10123830, DOI: 10.1017/s0033291721004542.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchLongitudinal clinical and functional outcome in distinct cognitive subgroups of first-episode psychosis: a cluster analysis
Oomen P, Begemann M, Brand B, de Haan L, Veling W, Koops S, van Os J, Smit F, Bakker P, van Beveren N, Boonstra N, Gülöksüz S, Kikkert M, Lokkerbol J, Marcelis M, Rosema B, de Beer F, Gangadin S, Geraets C, van ‘t Hag E, Haveman Y, van der Heijden I, Voppel A, Willemse E, van Amelsvoort T, Bak M, Batalla A, Been A, van den Bosch M, van den Brink T, Faber G, Grootens K, de Jonge M, Knegtering R, Kurkamp J, Mahabir A, Pijnenborg G, Staring T, Veen N, Veerman S, Wiersma S, Graveland E, Hoornaar J, Sommer I. Longitudinal clinical and functional outcome in distinct cognitive subgroups of first-episode psychosis: a cluster analysis. Psychological Medicine 2021, 53: 2317-2327. PMID: 34664546, PMCID: PMC10123843, DOI: 10.1017/s0033291721004153.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsCluster AnalysisCognitionCognitive DysfunctionHumansNeuropsychological TestsPsychotic DisordersSchizophreniaConceptsDistinct cognitive subgroupsCognitive subgroupsFirst-episode psychosisDiscrete cognitive profilesGeneral functioningTrend-level effectsCognitive profileSelf-reported functional outcomesCognitive clustersCognitive deficitsCognitionBrief assessmentFunctional outcomeLarge sampleFEP patientsClinical outcomesCurrent resultsSevere clinical symptomsPsychosisEarly identificationHealthy controlsCluster analysisClinical symptomsFunctioningDeficitsExamining facial emotion recognition as an intermediate phenotype for psychosis: Findings from the EUGEI study
Fusar-Poli L, Pries LK, van Os J, Erzin G, Delespaul P, Kenis G, Luykx JJ, Lin BD, Richards AL, Akdede B, Binbay T, Altınyazar V, Yalınçetin B, Gümüş-Akay G, Cihan B, Soygür H, Ulaş H, Cankurtaran EŞ, Kaymak SU, Mihaljevic MM, Andric-Petrovic S, Mirjanic T, Bernardo M, Mezquida G, Amoretti S, Bobes J, Saiz PA, García-Portilla MP, Sanjuan J, Aguilar EJ, Santos JL, Jiménez-López E, Arrojo M, Carracedo A, López G, González-Peñas J, Parellada M, Maric NP, Atbaşoğlu C, Üçok A, Alptekin K, Saka MC, investigators G, Aguglia E, Arango C, O'Donovan M, Rutten B, Guloksuz S. Examining facial emotion recognition as an intermediate phenotype for psychosis: Findings from the EUGEI study. Progress In Neuro-Psychopharmacology And Biological Psychiatry 2021, 113: 110440. PMID: 34536513, DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2021.110440.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdultFacial RecognitionFemaleGenomicsHumansInterviews as TopicMalePhenotypePsychotic DisordersRisk FactorsSiblingsConceptsDegraded Facial Affect Recognition TaskFacial emotion recognitionEmotion recognitionFacial affect recognition taskAffect recognition taskSocial cognition impairmentsFER deficitsIndividual emotionsPRS-SCZFER accuracyRecognition taskHealthy controlsSchizotypy-RevisedCognition impairmentIntermediate phenotypesPsychosis riskStructured interviewsEUGEI studySchizophreniaTotal scoreSiblingsGenetic riskDifferent patternsPsychosisEmotionsWhat makes the psychosis ‘clinical high risk’ state risky: psychosis itself or the co-presence of a non-psychotic disorder?
Hasmi L, Pries L, Have M, de Graaf R, van Dorsselaer S, Bak M, Kenis G, Richards A, Lin B, O'Donovan M, Luykx J, Rutten B, Guloksuz S, van Os J. What makes the psychosis ‘clinical high risk’ state risky: psychosis itself or the co-presence of a non-psychotic disorder? Epidemiology And Psychiatric Sciences 2021, 30: e53. PMID: 34225831, PMCID: PMC8264801, DOI: 10.1017/s204579602100041x.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAnxiety DisordersHumansMood DisordersProspective StudiesPsychotic DisordersSchizophreniaConceptsNon-psychotic disordersClinical high-risk stateClinical high riskHigh-risk stateHigh riskPsychotic symptomsPsychotic experiencesProspective general population cohortEarly psychotic experiencesIncident psychotic experiencesGeneral population cohortHealth service usePsychosis risk statesDrug use disordersPositive family historySchizophrenia polygenic risk scoresPsychosis incidenceAntipsychotic medicationYearly incidenceFamily historyPolygenic risk scoresRisk scoreAPS researchPRS-SZService useMedication strategies in first episode psychosis patients: A survey among psychiatrists
Kikkert M, Veling W, de Haan L, Begemann M, de Koning M, Sommer I, de Haan L, Veling W, van Os J, Smit F, Begemann M, Schuite‐Koops S, Marcelis M, Kikkert M, van Beveren N, Boonstra N, Rosema B, Bakker P, Gülöksüz S, Lokkerbol J, Brand B, Gangadin S, Geraets C, Hag E, Oomen P, Voppel A, van Amelsvoort T, Bak M, Been A, van den Bosch M, van den Brink T, Faber G, Grootens K, de Jonge M, Knegtering H, Kurkamp J, Mahabir A, Pijnenborg G, Staring T, Vaes W, Veen N, Veerman S, Wiersma S, Sommer I. Medication strategies in first episode psychosis patients: A survey among psychiatrists. Early Intervention In Psychiatry 2021, 16: 139-146. PMID: 33754470, PMCID: PMC9292219, DOI: 10.1111/eip.13138.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAntipsychotic AgentsHumansPsychiatryPsychotic DisordersRemission InductionSurveys and QuestionnairesConceptsFirst psychotic episodeMedication discontinuationMedication strategiesPsychotic episodeFirst-episode psychosis patientsEpisode psychosis patientsSubstantial practice variationFirst-episode patientsMonths of remissionFirst-episode psychosisSpecific treatment strategiesSubsample of patientsPractice of cliniciansMaintenance therapyEarly discontinuationPsychosis patientsAntipsychotic drugsEpisode psychosisTreatment strategiesReduced dosePractice variationLong-term effectsSame doseDiscontinuationMost guidelinesSchizophrenia and the Environment: Within-Person Analyses May be Required to Yield Evidence of Unconfounded and Causal Association—The Example of Cannabis and Psychosis
van Os J, Pries L, Have M, de Graaf R, van Dorsselaer S, Bak M, Wittchen H, Rutten B, Guloksuz S. Schizophrenia and the Environment: Within-Person Analyses May be Required to Yield Evidence of Unconfounded and Causal Association—The Example of Cannabis and Psychosis. Schizophrenia Bulletin 2021, 47: 594-603. PMID: 33693921, PMCID: PMC8084443, DOI: 10.1093/schbul/sbab019.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsFixed-effects modelCannabis usePsychotic experiencesGeneral population cohortRandom-effects modelMental health outcomesRisk factorsTime-varying confoundersProspective associationsPopulation cohortHealth outcomesOwn controlCausal associationPsychosisCannabisLongitudinal studyAssociationBetween-person levelConfoundersCohortIncidenceSchizophreniaAntipsychotics result in more weight gain in antipsychotic naive patients than in patients after antipsychotic switch and weight gain is irrespective of psychiatric diagnosis: A meta-analysis
Bak M, Drukker M, Cortenraad S, Vandenberk E, Guloksuz S. Antipsychotics result in more weight gain in antipsychotic naive patients than in patients after antipsychotic switch and weight gain is irrespective of psychiatric diagnosis: A meta-analysis. PLOS ONE 2021, 16: e0244944. PMID: 33596211, PMCID: PMC7888647, DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0244944.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsAntipsychotic-naive patientsBody weight changesBody weight gainWeight gainPsychiatric diagnosisNaive patientsWeight changeAntipsychotic useBodyweight gainAntipsychotic-naive groupMore weight gainDiagnosis of schizophreniaAntipsychotic switchMost antipsychoticsShort followSwitch studyMetabolic disturbancesClinical trialsOutcome measuresAntipsychoticsPatientsBody weightNaive groupSwitch groupDiagnosis
2020
Natural History, Not Lead Time
Srihari VH, Guloksuz S, Friis S. Natural History, Not Lead Time. American Journal Of Psychiatry 2020, 177: 1185-1185. PMID: 33256447, PMCID: PMC7968614, DOI: 10.1176/appi.ajp.2020.20040402.Peer-Reviewed Original Research