2021
Age-based outcomes of autogenous fistulas for hemodialysis access
Arhuidese I, King R, Elemuo C, Agbonkhese G, Calero A, Malas M. Age-based outcomes of autogenous fistulas for hemodialysis access. Journal Of Vascular Surgery 2021, 74: 1636-1642. PMID: 34298119, DOI: 10.1016/j.jvs.2021.06.477.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsPrimary assisted patencySecondary patencyPopulation-based cohortAssisted patencyFistula maturationPrimary patencyAutogenous fistulasPatient survivalIncreasing agePopulation-based cohort of patientsUnited States Renal Database SystemArteriovenous access creationLog-rank testCohort of patientsCohort of HD patientsCox regression analysisRetrospective cohort studyRisk-adjusted analysisAccess maturationAccess creationPrimary assistedKaplan-MeierFistula useClinical statusHD access
2020
Arteriovenous Access superficialization: A New Technique and Review of Options
Fontenot D, Tanious A, Arhuidese I, Chauhan Y, Stafford A, Illig K. Arteriovenous Access superficialization: A New Technique and Review of Options. Annals Of Vascular Surgery 2020, 69: 43-51. PMID: 32479883, DOI: 10.1016/j.avsg.2020.05.020.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchImpact of Body Mass Index on Outcomes of Autogenous Fistulas for Hemodialysis Access
Arhuidese I, Holscher C, Elemuo C, Parkerson G, Johnson B, Malas M. Impact of Body Mass Index on Outcomes of Autogenous Fistulas for Hemodialysis Access. Annals Of Vascular Surgery 2020, 68: 192-200. PMID: 32339695, DOI: 10.1016/j.avsg.2020.04.009.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsBody mass indexImpact of body mass indexEnd-stage renal diseaseObesity class IObesity classAutogenous fistulasMass indexSpectrum of body mass indexPopulation-based cohort of patientsUnited States Renal Database SystemClass ILog-rank testCohort of patientsCox regression analysisPrevalence of obesityKaplan-Meier estimatesPopulation-based cohortTreatment of end-stage renal diseaseChi-square testAccess maturationNo significant differenceNormal weightRetrospective studyHemodialysis accessRenal diseaseOutcomes of autogenous fistulas and prosthetic grafts for hemodialysis access in diabetic and nondiabetic patients
Arhuidese I, Purohit A, Elemuo C, Parkerson G, Shames M, Malas M. Outcomes of autogenous fistulas and prosthetic grafts for hemodialysis access in diabetic and nondiabetic patients. Journal Of Vascular Surgery 2020, 72: 2088-2096. PMID: 32276026, DOI: 10.1016/j.jvs.2020.02.035.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAgedAged, 80 and overArteriovenous Shunt, SurgicalBlood Vessel Prosthesis ImplantationDatabases, FactualDiabetic NephropathiesFemaleHumansKidney Failure, ChronicMaleMiddle AgedPostoperative ComplicationsRenal DialysisRetrospective StudiesRisk AssessmentRisk FactorsTime FactorsTreatment OutcomeUnited StatesVascular PatencyConceptsProsthetic graft infectionAutogenous fistulasSecondary patencyProsthetic graftsNondiabetic patientsPopulation-based cohortGraft infectionPrimary patencyPrimary assistedHemodialysis accessPopulation-based cohort of patientsUnited States Renal Database SystemCohort of hemodialysis patientsPrimary fistula patencyPrimary assisted patencyLog-rank testKaplan-Meier analysisCohort of patientsCox regression analysisRetrospective cohort studyStudent's t-testEffects of diabetesProsthetic graft patencyAssisted patencyGraft recipientsRacial differences in utilization and outcomes of hemodialysis access in the Unites States
Arhuidese I, AJi E, Muhammad R, Dhaliwal J, Shukla A, Malas M. Racial differences in utilization and outcomes of hemodialysis access in the Unites States. Journal Of Vascular Surgery 2020, 71: 1664-1673. PMID: 32173190, DOI: 10.1016/j.jvs.2019.07.092.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsAutogenous fistulasPatient survivalInitiation of HDProsthetic graftsPrimary-assistedSecondary patencyFistula maturationCatheter useHispanic patientsFistula placementHD accessAssociated with better patencyAssociated with worse patencyOutcomes of arteriovenous fistulaUnited States Renal Database SystemCohort of hemodialysisLog-rank testCox regression analysisRisk-adjusted oddsNo significant differenceArteriovenous fistulaGraft maturationKaplan-MeierRetrospective analysisHemodialysis accessAge-related outcomes of arteriovenous grafts for hemodialysis access
Arhuidese I, Beaulieu R, Aridi H, Locham S, Baldwin E, Malas M. Age-related outcomes of arteriovenous grafts for hemodialysis access. Journal Of Vascular Surgery 2020, 72: 643-650. PMID: 32067881, DOI: 10.1016/j.jvs.2019.10.096.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAge FactorsAgedAged, 80 and overArteriovenous Shunt, SurgicalBlood Vessel ProsthesisBlood Vessel Prosthesis ImplantationDatabases, FactualDevice RemovalFemaleGraft Occlusion, VascularHumansKidney Failure, ChronicMaleMiddle AgedProsthesis-Related InfectionsRenal DialysisReoperationRetrospective StudiesRisk AssessmentRisk FactorsTime FactorsTreatment OutcomeVascular PatencyConceptsPrimary assisted patencyPopulation-based cohortGraft infectionAssisted patencySecondary patencyPrimary patencyNo significant differenceArteriovenous graftsHemodialysis accessOutcomes of arteriovenous graftsAge-related outcomesOlder age categoriesCohort of hemodialysis patientsProsthetic graft infectionArteriovenous graft placementEnd-stage renal diseaseLog-rank testPrevalence of end-stage renal diseaseKaplan-Meier analysisSignificant differenceCox regression analysisRetrospective cohort studyOlder ageGraft excisionU.S. Renal Data System
2019
Hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis access related outcomes in the pediatric and adolescent population
Arhuidese I, Wanogho J, Faateh M, Aji E, Rideout D, Malas M. Hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis access related outcomes in the pediatric and adolescent population. Journal Of Pediatric Surgery 2019, 55: 1392-1399. PMID: 31784099, DOI: 10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2019.09.017.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsArteriovenous fistulaPeritoneal dialysisHD cathetersCatheter useAssociated with better patencyUnited States Renal Database SystemAssociated with better survivalAssociated with high mortalityMultivariate Cox regressionRetrospective cohort studyPersistent useInitiation of HDHD to PDPD catheterCatheter survivalSecondary patencyPatients 0Pediatric patientsBetter survivalPrimary assistedRisk-adjusted mortalityPediatric populationRetrospective analysisTransplantation potentialDialysis accessGender-Based Utilization and Outcomes of Autogenous Fistulas and Prosthetic Grafts for Hemodialysis Access
Arhuidese I, Faateh M, Meshkin R, Calero A, Shames M, Malas M. Gender-Based Utilization and Outcomes of Autogenous Fistulas and Prosthetic Grafts for Hemodialysis Access. Annals Of Vascular Surgery 2019, 65: 196-205. PMID: 31626935, DOI: 10.1016/j.avsg.2019.08.083.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAgedArteriovenous Shunt, SurgicalBlood Vessel ProsthesisBlood Vessel Prosthesis ImplantationDatabases, FactualFemaleGraft Occlusion, VascularHealthcare DisparitiesHumansKidney Failure, ChronicMaleMiddle AgedPractice Patterns, Physicians'Prosthesis-Related InfectionsRenal DialysisRetrospective StudiesRisk FactorsSex FactorsTime FactorsTreatment OutcomeVascular PatencyConceptsArteriovenous fistulaHD cathetersPatient survivalAssociated with lower patencyOutcomes of arteriovenous fistulaMultivariate Cox regression analysisCohort of hemodialysisArteriovenous fistula maturationCox regression analysisLow patencyInitiation of HDRisk-adjusted analysisUnited States Renal Data SystemPopulation-based cohortPrimary-assistedAccess maturationAutogenous fistulasAVF maturationNo significant differenceConduit patencyKaplan-MeierHD accessRetrospective analysisProsthetic graftsCatheterSurvival after major lower extremity amputation in patients with end-stage renal disease
Arhuidese I, Nejim B, Aji E, Canner J, Malas M. Survival after major lower extremity amputation in patients with end-stage renal disease. Journal Of Vascular Surgery 2019, 70: 1291-1298. PMID: 31543169, DOI: 10.1016/j.jvs.2018.12.055.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsKnee amputeesKnee amputationBurden of peripheral artery diseaseLower extremity amputationEstimates of life expectancyEnd-stage renal diseaseRisk-adjusted mortalityAmputation levelExtremity amputationRace-specific differencesRT recipientsHealthcare providersPeripheral arterial diseaseHD patientsLong-term mortalityUnited States Renal Data SystemMedian survivalBKAKneeHispanicsLife expectancyRenal transplantationMLEAAmputationCardiovascular diseaseOutcomes of Infrainguinal Lower Extremity Bypass Are Superior in Kidney Transplant Recipients Than Patients with Dialysis
Nejim B, Hicks C, Arhuidese I, Locham S, Dakour-Aridi H, Malas M. Outcomes of Infrainguinal Lower Extremity Bypass Are Superior in Kidney Transplant Recipients Than Patients with Dialysis. Annals Of Vascular Surgery 2019, 63: 209-217. PMID: 31349053, DOI: 10.1016/j.avsg.2019.04.026.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAgedAmputation, SurgicalBlood Vessel Prosthesis ImplantationDatabases, FactualFemaleHumansKidney Failure, ChronicKidney TransplantationLimb SalvageLower ExtremityMaleMiddle AgedPeripheral Arterial DiseaseProgression-Free SurvivalRenal DialysisRetrospective StudiesRisk FactorsSaphenous VeinTime FactorsVascular PatencyConceptsLower extremity bypassEnd-stage renal diseaseKT recipientsPrimary patencyDialysis therapyAmputation-free survivalKidney transplantationVascular Quality Initiative databaseRisk-adjusted hazardsKidney transplant recipientsPositive effects of KTRisk of mortalityEffects of KTRisk of amputationLower-extremity bypassSurgical outcomesTransplant recipientsBaseline characteristicsBypass proceduresDialysis patientsRenal diseaseComparative efficacyKT groupDT groupPatientsVascular access for hemodialysis in the elderly
Arhuidese I, Cooper M, Rizwan M, Nejim B, Malas M. Vascular access for hemodialysis in the elderly. Journal Of Vascular Surgery 2019, 69: 517-525.e1. PMID: 30683199, DOI: 10.1016/j.jvs.2018.05.219.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAge FactorsAgedAged, 80 and overArteriovenous Shunt, SurgicalBlood Vessel Prosthesis ImplantationCatheterization, Central VenousClinical Decision-MakingDatabases, FactualFemaleGraft Occlusion, VascularHumansKidney Failure, ChronicLife ExpectancyMalePatient SelectionQuality of LifeRenal DialysisRetrospective StudiesRisk FactorsTime FactorsTreatment OutcomeUnited StatesVascular PatencyConceptsArteriovenous fistulaArteriovenous graftsElderly patientsPopulation-based cohort of elderly patientsHD cathetersMedian time to maturationOutcomes of arteriovenous fistulaUnited States Renal Database SystemCohort of elderly patientsMultivariate Cox regression analysisCatheter-free dialysisPre-emptive surgeryPrimary assisted patencyKaplan-Meier analysisCox regression analysisStudent's t-testPopulation-based cohortAssisted patencyTolerate surgerySecondary patencyPrimary patencySurgical riskModes of HDConduit patencyRetrospective analysis
2018
Infrainguinal bypass surgery outcomes are worse in hemodialysis patients compared with patients with renal transplants
Arhuidese I, Nejim B, Locham S, Malas M. Infrainguinal bypass surgery outcomes are worse in hemodialysis patients compared with patients with renal transplants. Journal Of Vascular Surgery 2018, 69: 850-856. PMID: 30583904, DOI: 10.1016/j.jvs.2018.05.252.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAgedBlood Vessel Prosthesis ImplantationDatabases, FactualFemaleHumansKidney Failure, ChronicKidney TransplantationLimb SalvageLower ExtremityMaleMiddle AgedPeripheral Arterial DiseasePostoperative ComplicationsRenal DialysisRetrospective StudiesRisk AssessmentRisk FactorsTime FactorsTreatment OutcomeUnited StatesVascular PatencyConceptsInfrainguinal bypass surgeryRenal transplantationRT patientsPatient survivalOutcome of infrainguinal bypass surgeryHD patientsBenefits of renal transplantationLimb salvageEnd-stage renal diseaseCox regression analysisLong-term outcomesEvaluate 30-dayRisk-adjusted analysisPopulation-based cohortCritical limb ischemiaU.S. Renal Data SystemRetrospective reviewBypass surgeryKaplan-MeierSurgery outcomesPatient-level riskRenal diseaseHemodialysis patientsLimb ischemiaPatientsUtilization, patency, and complications associated with vascular access for hemodialysis in the United States
Arhuidese I, Orandi B, Nejim B, Malas M. Utilization, patency, and complications associated with vascular access for hemodialysis in the United States. Journal Of Vascular Surgery 2018, 68: 1166-1174. PMID: 30244924, DOI: 10.1016/j.jvs.2018.01.049.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAgedAged, 80 and overArteriovenous Shunt, SurgicalBlood Vessel ProsthesisBlood Vessel Prosthesis ImplantationCatheterization, Central VenousCatheter-Related InfectionsCentral Venous CathetersDatabases, FactualFemaleGraft Occlusion, VascularHumansMaleMedical AuditMedicareMiddle AgedPractice Patterns, Physicians'Prosthesis-Related InfectionsRenal DialysisRetrospective StudiesRisk FactorsTime FactorsTreatment OutcomeUnited StatesVascular PatencyConceptsCatheter-free dialysisPrimary assisted patencyAutogenous fistulasPrimary patencyProsthetic graftsCatheter useAssisted patencySecondary patencySevere infectionsMedian time to maturationOutcome of vascular accessVascular accessAssociated with high mortalityLong-term hemodialysisComplications associated with vascular accessPatient survivalRetrospective studyAccess infectionFistula useGraft useHemodialysis cathetersFistulaCompare outcomesLow infection riskCatheterA prospective randomized study of bovine carotid artery biologic graft and expanded polytetrafluoroethylene for permanent hemodialysis access
Dakour Aridi H, Arhuidese I, Scudder M, Reifsnyder T, Malas M. A prospective randomized study of bovine carotid artery biologic graft and expanded polytetrafluoroethylene for permanent hemodialysis access. Journal Of Vascular Surgery 2018, 67: 1606-1612.e4. PMID: 29567027, DOI: 10.1016/j.jvs.2017.12.058.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAcademic Medical CentersAnimalsArteriovenous Shunt, SurgicalBaltimoreBlood Vessel ProsthesisCarotid ArteriesCattleClinical ProtocolsHeterograftsHumansKaplan-Meier EstimatePolytetrafluoroethyleneProportional Hazards ModelsProspective StudiesProsthesis DesignRenal DialysisResearch DesignTime FactorsTreatment OutcomeConceptsPermanent hemodialysis accessArteriovenous fistulaNative arteriovenous fistulaArteriovenous graftsBovine carotid arteryHemodialysis accessBiological graftsMultivariate Cox proportional regression analysisNational Kidney Foundation Kidney Disease Outcomes Quality Initiative guidelinesKidney Disease Outcomes Quality Initiative guidelinesKidney Foundation Kidney Disease Outcomes Quality Initiative guidelinesCox proportional regression analysisArteriovenous graft creationAVG placementEnd-stage renal diseasePrimary end pointTreatment of patientsVascular access patientsSynthetic arteriovenous graftsHistory of intoleranceYears of ageRandomized controlled trialsAcademic hospital centerReintervention rateFunctional patency
2017
Sex-based outcomes of lower extremity bypass surgery in hemodialysis patients
Arhuidese I, Kernodle A, Nejim B, Locham S, Hicks C, Malas M. Sex-based outcomes of lower extremity bypass surgery in hemodialysis patients. Journal Of Vascular Surgery 2017, 68: 153-160. PMID: 29276108, DOI: 10.1016/j.jvs.2017.10.063.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAgedAmputation, SurgicalBlood Vessel ProsthesisBlood Vessel Prosthesis ImplantationChi-Square DistributionClinical Decision-MakingDatabases, FactualDisease-Free SurvivalFemaleGraft Occlusion, VascularHumansKaplan-Meier EstimateKidney DiseasesLimb SalvageLogistic ModelsLower ExtremityMaleMiddle AgedMultivariate AnalysisOdds RatioPeripheral Arterial DiseaseProportional Hazards ModelsProsthesis DesignRenal DialysisRetrospective StudiesRisk FactorsSex FactorsTime FactorsTreatment OutcomeVascular PatencyVeinsConceptsAcute graft failureAutogenous conduitGraft failureProsthetic conduitBypass surgeryHemodialysis patientsAssociated with higher patencyLimb salvagePrimary assisted patencySex-based outcomesInfrainguinal bypass surgeryLower extremity bypass surgeryCox regression analysisPatient survival ratesRisk-adjusted analysisUnited States Renal Data SystemCritical limb ischemiaAssisted patencySecondary patencyConduit usePrimary patencySurgical outcomesNo significant differenceKaplan-MeierComparing patientsLong-term outcomes after autogenous versus synthetic lower extremity bypass in patients on hemodialysis
Arhuidese I, Hicks C, Locham S, Obeid T, Nejim B, Malas M. Long-term outcomes after autogenous versus synthetic lower extremity bypass in patients on hemodialysis. Surgery 2017, 162: 1071-1079. PMID: 28712733, DOI: 10.1016/j.surg.2017.04.026.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsLong-term outcomesBypass operationProsthetic conduitHemodialysis patientsAutogenous conduitLimb salvageHigh-risk population of patientsEvaluate long-term outcomesCohort of hemodialysis patientsPrimary-assisted patencyFemoral-tibialType of bypassCox regression analysisLower extremity bypassPopulation of patientsUnited States Renal Data SystemHigh-risk populationPatient's life expectancyPopulation-based cohortCritical limb ischemiaPopliteal-tibial bypassSecondary patencyPrimary patencyConduit optionsPostoperative outcomesRacial disparities after infrainguinal bypass surgery in hemodialysis patients
Arhuidese I, Wang S, Locham S, Faateh M, Nejim B, Malas M. Racial disparities after infrainguinal bypass surgery in hemodialysis patients. Journal Of Vascular Surgery 2017, 66: 1163-1174. PMID: 28647200, DOI: 10.1016/j.jvs.2017.04.044.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAgedAmputation, SurgicalBlack or African AmericanBlood Vessel Prosthesis ImplantationChi-Square DistributionDatabases, FactualFemaleHealthcare DisparitiesHispanic or LatinoHumansKaplan-Meier EstimateKidney DiseasesLimb SalvageLogistic ModelsMaleMedicareMiddle AgedMultivariate AnalysisOdds RatioPeripheral Arterial DiseasePostoperative ComplicationsProcess Assessment, Health CarePropensity ScoreProportional Hazards ModelsRenal DialysisRetrospective StudiesRisk FactorsTime FactorsTreatment OutcomeUnited StatesVascular PatencyWhite PeopleConceptsInfrainguinal bypass surgeryGraft failureHD patientsPeripheral arterial diseaseLimb salvageBypass surgeryEvaluate long-term graft patencyArtery diseaseWhite patientsGraft patencyBlack patientsSurgical treatment of peripheral arterial diseaseLong-term graft failurePrimary assisted patencyAcute graft failureCox regression analysisLong-term mortalityLong-term graft patencyAll-cause mortalityLimb lossTreatment of peripheral arterial diseasePopliteal-tibial bypassAssisted patencyPrimary patencySecondary patencyBovine carotid artery biologic graft outperforms expanded polytetrafluoroethylene for hemodialysis access
Arhuidese I, Reifsnyder T, Islam T, Karim O, Nejim B, Obeid T, Qazi U, Malas M. Bovine carotid artery biologic graft outperforms expanded polytetrafluoroethylene for hemodialysis access. Journal Of Vascular Surgery 2017, 65: 775-782. PMID: 28236920, DOI: 10.1016/j.jvs.2016.10.080.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdultAgedAnimalsBlood Vessel ProsthesisBlood Vessel Prosthesis ImplantationBody Mass IndexCarotid ArteriesCattleChi-Square DistributionFemaleGraft Occlusion, VascularGraft SurvivalHeterograftsHumansHyperlipidemiasKaplan-Meier EstimateLogistic ModelsMaleMiddle AgedMultivariate AnalysisObesityOdds RatioPolytetrafluoroethyleneProportional Hazards ModelsProsthesis DesignRenal DialysisRetreatmentRetrospective StudiesRisk FactorsTime FactorsTreatment OutcomeVascular PatencyConceptsPrimary assisted patencyCohort of patientsSecondary patencyBovine carotid arteryHemodialysis accessAssisted patencyBiological graftsArteriovenous graftsPredictors of graft failureSingle-institution retrospective reviewGraft infection rateHigher body mass indexLog-rank testAccess-related complicationsCox regression analysisPermanent hemodialysis accessMultivariate logistic analysisCharacteristics of patientsBody mass indexSociety for Vascular SurgeryEPTFE graftsPrimary patencyRetrospective reviewGraft complicationsArteriovenous fistula
2016
Perioperative and Long-term Outcomes After Carotid Endarterectomy in Hemodialysis Patients
Cooper M, Arhuidese I, Obeid T, Hicks C, Canner J, Malas M. Perioperative and Long-term Outcomes After Carotid Endarterectomy in Hemodialysis Patients. JAMA Surgery 2016, 151: 947-952. PMID: 27366897, DOI: 10.1001/jamasurg.2016.1504.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAge FactorsAgedAsymptomatic DiseasesDatabases, FactualEndarterectomy, CarotidFemaleHeart FailureHispanic or LatinoHumansKidney Failure, ChronicMaleMiddle AgedMobility LimitationMyocardial InfarctionPostoperative PeriodPulmonary Disease, Chronic ObstructiveRenal DialysisRetrospective StudiesRisk FactorsSex FactorsSmokingStrokeSurvival RateTime FactorsUnited StatesConceptsLong-term outcomesRisk of carotid endarterectomyAsymptomatic patientsLong-term strokeSymptomatic patientsCarotid endarterectomyDialysis patientsPerioperative strokeCohort of symptomatic patientsHistory of congestive heart failureMedian follow-up timePredictor of long-term mortalityMyocardial infarctionAssociated with poor outcomesDialysis-dependent patientsFollow-up timeOutcomes of carotid endarterectomyCox regression analysisCongestive heart failurePredictors of perioperative strokeLong-term mortalityChronic obstructive pulmonary diseaseDecrease stroke riskObstructive pulmonary diseasePatient-importantOutcomes after carotid artery stenting in hemodialysis patients
Arhuidese I, Obeid T, Hicks C, Yin K, Canner J, Segev D, Malas M. Outcomes after carotid artery stenting in hemodialysis patients. Journal Of Vascular Surgery 2016, 63: 1511-1516. PMID: 27106247, DOI: 10.1016/j.jvs.2016.02.044.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdultAgedAged, 80 and overAngioplastyCarotid Artery DiseasesChi-Square DistributionDatabases, FactualDisease-Free SurvivalFemaleHumansKidney DiseasesLogistic ModelsMaleMiddle AgedMultivariate AnalysisMyocardial InfarctionPatient SelectionProportional Hazards ModelsRenal DialysisRetrospective StudiesRisk AssessmentRisk FactorsStentsStrokeTime FactorsTreatment OutcomeUnited StatesConceptsCarotid artery stentingHemodialysis patientsStudy of outcomesArtery stentingObservational study of outcomesCohort of hemodialysis patientsAsymptomatic dialysis patientsSingle-institution seriesMedian follow-upLong-term freedomPerceived poor outcomesLong-term outcomesPlanning carotid artery stentingLong-term survivalPopulation-based studyPredictors of strokeSymptomatic patientsPopulation-based study of outcomesPatient survivalRandomized studySymptomatic statusPoor outcomeFollow-upCox regressionDialysis patients