2024
Disability and Recurrent Stroke Among Participants in Stroke Prevention Trials
de Havenon A, Viscoli C, Kleindorfer D, Sucharew H, Delic A, Becker C, Robinson D, Yaghi S, Li V, Lansberg M, Cramer S, Mistry E, Sarpong D, Kasner S, Kernan W, Sheth K. Disability and Recurrent Stroke Among Participants in Stroke Prevention Trials. JAMA Network Open 2024, 7: e2423677. PMID: 39028666, PMCID: PMC11259901, DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.23677.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsPrevention trialsPoststroke disabilityRecurrent stroke ratesRecurrent strokeCohort studyRate of recurrent strokeStroke Prevention TrialIncreased hazardInsulin Resistance InterventionSecondary prevention trialsBaseline disabilityAssociated with increased ratesStroke rateMain OutcomesFunctional statusResistance InterventionStudy baselineSecondary outcomesPrimary outcomeWorsening heart failureModified Rankin ScaleProfession's participationLong-term followVascular deathDisability
2017
Smoking cessation and outcome after ischemic stroke or TIA
Epstein KA, Viscoli CM, Spence JD, Young LH, Inzucchi SE, Gorman M, Gerstenhaber B, Guarino PD, Dixit A, Furie KL, Kernan WN, Bladin C, Davis S, Wijeratne T, Levi C, Parsons M, Brodtmann A, Ng S, Archer J, Delcourt C, Winder T, Berger L, Boulanger J, Chan R, Spence J, Durocher A, Mackey A, Verreault S, Minuk J, Penn A, Shuaib A, Cote R, Selchen D, Bayer N, Sweet M, Malik S, Stotts G, Griewing B, Soda H, Weinhardt R, Berrouschot J, Stoll A, Witte O, Günther A, Bodechtel U, Schminke U, Hobohm C, Hetzel A, Lambeck J, Wartenberg K, Huttner H, Dittrich R, Nabavi D, Gröschel K, Thomalla G, Rosenkranz M, Jander S, Meisel A, Ludolph A, Althaus K, Huber R, Lorenz M, Tanne D, Merzlyak O, Bornstein N, Telman G, Lampl Y, Streifler J, Weller B, Ifergane G, Wirgin Y, Carolei A, Toni D, Stanzione P, Micieli G, Agnelli G, Caso V, Gandolfo C, Comi G, Consoli D, Rasura M, Di Lazzaro V, Dixit A, Jupp B, Shaw L, Salih I, Esisi B, Power M, Strain W, Elyas S, Manawadu D, Kalra L, O'Brien E, Warburton E, Chatterjee K, Hargroves D, Blight A, Moynihan B, Markus H, Macleod M, Broughton D, Rodgers H, Hlaing T, Muir S, Sajid M, Bath P, Price C, Sekaran L, Vahidassr D, Muir K, McIlmoyle J, Datta P, Davey R, Langhorne P, Stott D, Datta P, England T, Muhidden K, O'Connell J, Majmudar N, Schindler J, Clark W, Sethi P, Rordorf G, Kleindorfer D, Silliman S, Gorman M, Kelly M, Singleton L, Meyer B, Jackson C, Walker J, Ehtisham A, Goodpasture H, Wang D, Fayad P, Cordina S, Naritoku D, Chiu D, Lukovits T, Goddeau R, Clark‐Arbogast R, Leigh R, Wityk R, Pettigrew L, Tayal A, Jarouse J, Friday G, Sen S, Kim A, Johnston S, Elkins J, Barrett A, Leira E, Kelly A, Burgin S, Rempe D, Jacoby M, Hughes D, Majersik J, Skalabrin E, Lee J, Hsu C, Sundararajan S, Slivka A, Minagar A, Alicic R, Geraghty M, Kase C, Lansberg M, Albers G, Dietrich D, Hanna J, Gentile N, Santiago F, Katzan I, Ching M, Sawyer, Warwick T, Yilmaz E, Pedelty L, Schneck M, Coull B, Solenski N, Johnston K, Lee V, Prabhakaran S, Johnson M, Silverman I, Salgado M, Birkhahn R, Strawsburg R, Altafullah I, Cohen D, Zweifler R, Lee Kwen P, Hammer M, Vora N, Tietjen G, Albakri E, Dandapani B, Jickling G, Verro P, Roller M, Hughes R, Simpson J, Vidic T, Lash S, Sigsbee B, Rosenbaum D, Fonzetti P, Fleck J, Goldszmidt A, Alexandrov A, Halsey J, Hart R, Sattin J, Kumar S, Book D, Torbey M, Poock J, King M, Graham G, Sung G, Mirsen T, Dromerick A, Runheim A, Jackson C, Feen E, Reichwein R, Waters M, Amory C, Bernardini G, Bell R, Diamond B, Rosenbaum D, Palestrant D, Segal A, Burger K, Schwartz R, Mitsias P, Kramer J, Kramer J, Robbins D, Silver B, Easton J, Feldmann E, Rymer M, Dorssom J, Ali L, Ovbiagele B, Kirshner H. Smoking cessation and outcome after ischemic stroke or TIA. Neurology 2017, 89: 1723-1729. PMID: 28887378, PMCID: PMC5644463, DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000004524.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsMyocardial infarctionIschemic strokeIndex eventProspective observational cohort studyInsulin Resistance InterventionHistory of hypertensionObservational cohort studyDiastolic blood pressureHistory of strokeCoronary artery diseaseTime of randomizationTobacco use historySignificant health benefitsRecurrent strokeNondiabetic menCohort studyCurrent smokersTrial cohortArtery diseaseBlood pressurePrimary outcomeIRIS trialStroke trialsCigarette smokingSmoking cessation
2005
Obstructive Sleep Apnea as a Risk Factor for Stroke and Death
Yaggi HK, Concato J, Kernan WN, Lichtman JH, Brass LM, Mohsenin V. Obstructive Sleep Apnea as a Risk Factor for Stroke and Death. New England Journal Of Medicine 2005, 353: 2034-2041. PMID: 16282178, DOI: 10.1056/nejmoa043104.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsObstructive sleep apnea syndromeSleep apnea syndromeApnea-hypopnea indexMean apnea-hypopnea indexRisk of strokeApnea syndromeRisk factorsSleep apneaComposite end pointObservational cohort studyObstructive sleep apneaProportional hazards analysisComparison groupAlcohol consumption statusBody mass indexImportant risk factorCohort studyComposite outcomeConsecutive patientsDiabetes mellitusSmoking statusAtrial fibrillationUnadjusted analysesSyndromePatients
2002
Insulin resistance and risk for stroke
Kernan WN, Inzucchi SE, Viscoli CM, Brass LM, Bravata DM, Horwitz RI. Insulin resistance and risk for stroke. Neurology 2002, 59: 809-815. PMID: 12349850, DOI: 10.1212/wnl.59.6.809.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsInsulin resistanceRisk factorsProspective observational cohort studyType 2 diabetes mellitusInsulin-mediated glucose uptakeObservational cohort studyPrevalent risk factorsImportant risk factorType 2 diabetesCase-control studyPertinent English-language publicationsEnglish-language publicationsCardinal defectsPhysical deconditioningStroke preventionCohort studyMost patientsDiabetes mellitusPathophysiologic defectsNondiabetic individualsVascular diseasePeripheral tissuesElderly personsStrokeDefective glycogen synthesisClinical assessment of function among women with a recent cerebrovascular event: a self-reported versus performance-based measure.
Owens PL, Bradley EH, Horwitz SM, Viscoli CM, Kernan WN, Brass LM, Sarrel PM, Horwitz RI. Clinical assessment of function among women with a recent cerebrovascular event: a self-reported versus performance-based measure. Annals Of Internal Medicine 2002, 136: 802-11. PMID: 12044128, DOI: 10.7326/0003-4819-136-11-200206040-00008.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsLong-term health outcomesRecent cerebrovascular eventsLevel of functionCerebrovascular eventsPerformance-based measuresHealth outcomesSelf-reported functional statusTransient ischemic attackProspective cohort studyPhysical performance testsSelf-report measuresIschemic attackPostmenopausal womenBarthel IndexCohort studyNonwhite ethnicityFunctional statusClinical assessmentMost womenHealth measuresClinical settingSubsequent strokeWomenOutcomesStroke
1991
A methodological appraisal of research on prognosis after transient ischemic attacks.
Kernan W, Feinstein A, Brass L. A methodological appraisal of research on prognosis after transient ischemic attacks. Stroke 1991, 22: 1108-1116. PMID: 1926253, DOI: 10.1161/01.str.22.9.1108.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsTransient ischemic attackTransient ischemiaIschemic attackEligible studiesAspects of prognosisObservational cohort studyPrognosis of patientsSubgroup of patientsAppropriate end pointsPeer-reviewed journalsCohort studyInception cohortOutcome ratesIndividual patientsDiagnostic criteriaPatientsOutcome riskIschemiaMultivariate analysisPrognosisEnd pointSubsequent strokeAdherencePredictive variablesStrokeA prognostic system for transient ischemia or minor stroke.
Kernan WN, Horwitz RI, Brass LM, Viscoli CM, Taylor KJ. A prognostic system for transient ischemia or minor stroke. Annals Of Internal Medicine 1991, 114: 552-7. PMID: 2001088, DOI: 10.7326/0003-4819-114-7-552.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsCarotid transient ischemic attacksTransient ischemic attackMinor strokeOutcome ratesRisk group 1Ischemic attackTransient ischemiaPrognostic systemGroup 1Urban community teaching hospitalInception cohort studyCommunity teaching hospitalEligible patientsCohort studyClinical featuresOriginal cohortTeaching hospitalTest cohortStrokePatientsSubsequent strokeHypertensionIschemiaDeathDiabetes