Bacillus Calmette–Guérin Vaccine Attenuates Haloperidol-Induced TD-like Behavioral and Neurochemical Alteration in Experimental Rats
Yedke N, Upadhayay S, Singh R, Jamwal S, Ahmad S, Kumar P. Bacillus Calmette–Guérin Vaccine Attenuates Haloperidol-Induced TD-like Behavioral and Neurochemical Alteration in Experimental Rats. Biomolecules 2023, 13: 1667. PMID: 38002349, PMCID: PMC10669047, DOI: 10.3390/biom13111667.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsBCG vaccineTardive dyskinesiaOrofacial dyskinesiaNeurotransmitter levelsBacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccineFirst-generation antipsychotic drugsManagement of TDOxidative stressLevels of HVACalmette-Guérin vaccineHyperkinetic movement disordersMajor pathophysiological mechanismsPro-apoptotic markersLong-term useBCG treatmentNeuroprotective effectsNeurochemical alterationsOrofacial dysfunctionPathophysiological mechanismsAntipsychotic medicationNeuromodulatory propertiesSuppress inflammationSingle administrationAntipsychotic drugsHaloperidol injection