2017
Effects of pioglitazone on cognitive function in patients with a recent ischaemic stroke or TIA: a report from the IRIS trial
Furie KL, Viscoli CM, Gorman M, Ford GA, Young LH, Inzucchi SE, Guarino PD, Lovejoy AM, Conwit R, Tanne D, Kernan WN. Effects of pioglitazone on cognitive function in patients with a recent ischaemic stroke or TIA: a report from the IRIS trial. Journal Of Neurology Neurosurgery & Psychiatry 2017, 89: 21. PMID: 28939682, DOI: 10.1136/jnnp-2017-316361.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsTransient ischemic attackRecent ischemic strokeIschemic strokeCognitive functionHomeostasis model assessment insulin resistance scoreModified Mini-Mental State Examination scoresAssessment-insulin resistance scoreMini-Mental State Examination scoreInsulin Resistance InterventionPoststroke cognitive functionVascular risk factorsEffect of pioglitazoneInsulin-resistant patientsState Examination scoreIschemic attackPioglitazone groupPlacebo groupIRIS trialStroke trialsCerebrovascular diseaseInsulin resistanceRisk factorsCognitive dysfunctionPatientsResistance Intervention
2016
Pioglitazone after Ischemic Stroke or Transient Ischemic Attack
Kernan WN, Viscoli CM, Furie KL, Young LH, Inzucchi SE, Gorman M, Guarino PD, Lovejoy AM, Peduzzi PN, Conwit R, Brass LM, Schwartz GG, Adams HP, Berger L, Carolei A, Clark W, Coull B, Ford GA, Kleindorfer D, O'Leary JR, Parsons MW, Ringleb P, Sen S, Spence JD, Tanne D, Wang D, Winder TR. Pioglitazone after Ischemic Stroke or Transient Ischemic Attack. New England Journal Of Medicine 2016, 374: 1321-1331. PMID: 26886418, PMCID: PMC4887756, DOI: 10.1056/nejmoa1506930.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsTransient ischemic attackIschemic strokeInsulin resistanceMyocardial infarctionIschemic attackPrimary outcomeRecent ischemic strokeDouble-blind trialFuture cardiovascular eventsHomeostasis model assessmentInsulin resistance indexRisk of strokeEligible patientsNonfatal strokePioglitazone groupCardiovascular eventsCause mortalityPlacebo groupPreventive therapyCerebrovascular diseaseInsulin sensitivityRisk factorsResistance indexHigh riskLower risk
2007
Resolution of Asymptomatic Myocardial Ischemia in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes in the Detection of Ischemia in Asymptomatic Diabetics (DIAD) Study
Wackers FJ, Chyun DA, Young LH, Heller GV, Iskandrian AE, Davey JA, Barrett EJ, Taillefer R, Wittlin SD, Filipchuk N, Ratner RE, Inzucchi SE. Resolution of Asymptomatic Myocardial Ischemia in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes in the Detection of Ischemia in Asymptomatic Diabetics (DIAD) Study. Diabetes Care 2007, 30: 2892-2898. PMID: 17682123, DOI: 10.2337/dc07-1250.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsResolution of ischemiaType 2 diabetesDetection of ischemiaNew ischemiaAsymptomatic Diabetics (DIAD) studyCardiovascular risk factorsAsymptomatic myocardial ischemiaAdenosine stress myocardial perfusionRepeat stressIschemia increasesAsymptomatic patientsCardiac eventsMore patientsACE inhibitorsMyocardial ischemiaRisk factorsIntensive treatmentDiabetic studyIschemiaMyocardial perfusionPatientsMedical treatmentDiabetesInitial evaluationGreater increase
2006
Diabetes Mellitus and Cardiovascular Disease
Chyun DA, Young LH. Diabetes Mellitus and Cardiovascular Disease. Nursing Clinics Of North America 2006, 41: 681-695. PMID: 17059982, DOI: 10.1016/j.cnur.2006.07.007.BooksConceptsCoronary heart diseaseCardiovascular diseaseHeart diseasePeripheral vascular diseaseAcute myocardial infarctionMultiple risk factorsComplex pathophysiologic processHeart failureChronic manifestationsMyocardial infarctionVascular diseaseRisk factorsPathophysiologic processesSudden deathHigh riskType 1DiseaseEarly detectionDiabetesHypertensionMellitusInfarctionStrokeIndividualsPrevention
2005
Evaluating the Cardiovascular Effects of the Thiazolidinediones and Their Place in the Management of Type 2 Diabetes in Relation to the Metabolic Syndrome
Drexler AJ, Nesto RW, Abrahamson MJ, Bakris G, Bell D, Brunzell J, Dandona P, Davidson J, Fonseca V, Fowler M, Frye R, Giles T, Haffner S, Hollenberg N, Hsueh W, Law R, Plutzky J, Ratner R, Reusch J, Selwyn A, Sowers J, Wyne K, Young LH. Evaluating the Cardiovascular Effects of the Thiazolidinediones and Their Place in the Management of Type 2 Diabetes in Relation to the Metabolic Syndrome. Metabolic Syndrome And Related Disorders 2005, 3: 147-173. PMID: 18370723, DOI: 10.1089/met.2005.3.147.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchType 2 diabetesMetabolic syndromeBeta-cell functionCardiovascular effectsEndothelial dysfunctionVascular reactivityInsulin sensitivityFuture cardiovascular eventsAdverse clinical eventsCoronary artery diseasePositive cardiovascular effectsCardiovascular disease burdenPotential adverse eventsProgression of diabetesInsulin-sensitizing effectsCardiovascular eventsCardiovascular outcomesAdverse eventsCardiovascular riskArtery diseaseGlycemic controlClinical eventsInsulin resistanceDisease burdenRisk factors
2004
Brachial artery reactivity in asymptomatic patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and microalbuminuria (from the Detection of Ischemia in Asymptomatic Diabetics–Brachial Artery Reactivity study)
Papaioannou GI, Seip RL, Grey NJ, Katten D, Taylor A, Inzucchi SE, Young LH, Chyun DA, Davey JA, Wackers FJ, Iskandrian AE, Ratner RE, Robinson EC, Carolan S, Engel S, Heller GV. Brachial artery reactivity in asymptomatic patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and microalbuminuria (from the Detection of Ischemia in Asymptomatic Diabetics–Brachial Artery Reactivity study). The American Journal Of Cardiology 2004, 94: 294-299. PMID: 15276091, DOI: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2004.04.022.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAge FactorsAgedAlbuminuriaBrachial ArteryCoronary Artery DiseaseC-Reactive ProteinDiabetes Mellitus, Type 2Diabetic AngiopathiesEndothelium, VascularFemaleHumansLinear ModelsMaleMiddle AgedMultivariate AnalysisProspective StudiesReference ValuesRisk AssessmentSensitivity and SpecificitySeverity of Illness IndexSex FactorsUltrasonography, DopplerVasoconstrictionVasodilationConceptsEndothelium-independent vasodilationEndothelium-dependent vasodilationBrachial artery reactivityType 2 diabetes mellitusHormone replacement therapyDiabetes mellitusC-reactive proteinSystemic inflammationAsymptomatic patientsEndothelial dysfunctionIndependent predictorsReplacement therapyNovel atherosclerotic risk factorAsymptomatic Diabetics (DIAD) studyAtherosclerotic risk factorsPresence of microalbuminuriaFuture cardiovascular eventsSimilar baseline characteristicsDetection of ischemiaCardiovascular eventsBaseline characteristicsBrachial arteryVascular dysfunctionEntire cohortRisk factorsDetection of Silent Myocardial Ischemia in Asymptomatic Diabetic Subjects
Wackers FJ, Young LH, Inzucchi SE, Chyun DA, Davey JA, Barrett EJ, Taillefer R, Wittlin SD, Heller GV, Filipchuk N, Engel S, Ratner RE, Iskandrian AE. Detection of Silent Myocardial Ischemia in Asymptomatic Diabetic Subjects. Diabetes Care 2004, 27: 1954-1961. PMID: 15277423, DOI: 10.2337/diacare.27.8.1954.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsSilent myocardial ischemiaType 2 diabetesCardiac risk factorsMyocardial ischemiaAsymptomatic patientsSilent ischemiaNormal perfusionRisk factorsTraditional cardiac risk factorsAmerican Diabetes Association guidelinesTomography myocardial perfusion imagingRegional myocardial perfusion abnormalitiesAbnormal stress testAsymptomatic diabetic subjectsAsymptomatic Diabetics (DIAD) studyCurrent American Diabetes AssociationPrevalence of ischemiaCardiac autonomic dysfunctionLarge perfusion defectsST-segment depressionCoronary artery diseaseAmerican Diabetes AssociationMyocardial perfusion abnormalitiesMyocardial perfusion imagingStrongest predictor