2023
Age-associated sex difference in the expression of mitochondria-based redox sensitive proteins and effect of pioglitazone in nonhuman primate brain
Jamwal S, Blackburn J, Elsworth J. Age-associated sex difference in the expression of mitochondria-based redox sensitive proteins and effect of pioglitazone in nonhuman primate brain. Biology Of Sex Differences 2023, 14: 65. PMID: 37770961, PMCID: PMC10540392, DOI: 10.1186/s13293-023-00551-6.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsSubstantia nigraSex-dependent expressionPrimate brainAdult male monkeysCerebrospinal fluidMale monkeysPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma agonistProliferator-activated receptor gamma agonistsEffect of pioglitazoneWeeks of treatmentReceptor gamma agonistsGreater expressionAdult female monkeysNonhuman primate brainNovel neuroprotective treatmentAfrican green monkeysSex-based differencesOral pioglitazoneNeuroprotective treatmentPIO treatmentRisk factorsCNS disordersGamma agonistsPreclinical studiesParkinson's disease
2021
Expression of PON2 isoforms varies among brain regions in male and female African green monkeys
Jamwal S, Blackburn JK, Elsworth JD. Expression of PON2 isoforms varies among brain regions in male and female African green monkeys. Free Radical Biology And Medicine 2021, 178: 215-218. PMID: 34890766, PMCID: PMC8760629, DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2021.12.005.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsAfrican green monkeysParkinson's diseaseBrain regionsParaoxonase 2Different brain regionsFemale monkeysGreen monkeysPON2 expressionOxidative stress-related neurodegenerative disordersFemale African green monkeysNeurodegenerative disordersMale African green monkeysOxidative stressPON2 protein expressionAnti-inflammatory propertiesExpression levelsSignificant differencesBrain tissue samplesDorsolateral prefrontal cortexNeuroprotective strategiesWestern blotting techniquesDopaminergic neuronsPON2 proteinPrimate brainProtective roleSex-based disparity in paraoxonase-2 expression in the brains of African green monkeys
Jamwal S, Blackburn JK, Elsworth JD. Sex-based disparity in paraoxonase-2 expression in the brains of African green monkeys. Free Radical Biology And Medicine 2021, 167: 201-204. PMID: 33722626, PMCID: PMC8096713, DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2021.03.003.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsAfrican green monkeysParaoxonase 2Parkinson's diseaseBrain regionsGreen monkeysOxidative stressReactive oxygen speciesAnti-inflammatory propertiesSex-based disparitiesParaoxonase-2 expressionDifferent brain regionsNigrostriatal systemPON2 expressionDevelopment of therapeuticsNeurodegenerative disordersDiseaseProtein levelsROS levelsLower ROS levelsMitochondrial performanceSex-based variationDisordersMonkeysOxygen speciesMales
2020
Pioglitazone activates paraoxonase-2 in the brain: A novel neuroprotective mechanism
Blackburn JK, Curry DW, Thomsen AN, Roth RH, Elsworth JD. Pioglitazone activates paraoxonase-2 in the brain: A novel neuroprotective mechanism. Experimental Neurology 2020, 327: 113234. PMID: 32044330, PMCID: PMC7089823, DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2020.113234.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsParaoxonase 2Novel neuroprotective mechanismParaoxonase-2 expressionAnti-diabetic drug pioglitazoneReactive oxygen species productionNeuroprotective strategiesNeuroprotective mechanismsBrain traumaMouse striatumOxygen species productionParkinson's diseaseAlzheimer's diseaseTherapeutic potentialPioglitazoneDiseaseOxidative stressDrug pioglitazoneSpecies productionBrainNeuroprotectionIschemiaStriatumExpressionPathologyTrauma
2005
Neural Stem Cells Implanted into MPTP-Treated Monkeys Increase the Size of Endogenous Tyrosine Hydroxylase-Positive Cells Found in the Striatum: A Return to Control Measures
Bjugstad K, Redmond D, Teng Y, Elsworth J, Roth R, Blanchard B, Snyder E, Sladek J. Neural Stem Cells Implanted into MPTP-Treated Monkeys Increase the Size of Endogenous Tyrosine Hydroxylase-Positive Cells Found in the Striatum: A Return to Control Measures. Cell Transplantation 2005, 14: 183-192. PMID: 15929553, DOI: 10.3727/000000005783983098.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsTyrosine hydroxylase-positive cellsNeural stem cellsHydroxylase-positive cellsSubstantia nigraHuman neural stem cellsParkinson's diseaseHuman NSCsCaudate nucleusEffects of NSCsPresence of NSCsImplanted neural stem cellsRight substantia nigraUntreated control monkeysRight caudate nucleusCell populationsAfrican green monkeysEndogenous cell populationsStem cellsMPTP damageMPTP treatmentStriatal environmentNigrostriatal pathwayDopamine neuronsControl monkeysSelective dopaminergic
2001
Prenatal exposure to cocaine reduces the number and enhances reactivity of A10 dopaminergic neurons to environmental stress
Morrow B, Elsworth J, Roth R. Prenatal exposure to cocaine reduces the number and enhances reactivity of A10 dopaminergic neurons to environmental stress. Synapse 2001, 41: 337-344. PMID: 11494404, DOI: 10.1002/syn.1090.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsA10 dopamine neuronsDopamine neuronsDopaminergic neuronsPrenatal exposurePrenatal saline controlsTyrosine hydroxylase immunoreactiveA10 dopaminergic neuronsCocaine-induced reductionRat dopaminergic neuronsCocaine-exposed ratsPoor cognitive performanceYoung adult offspringUnderlying biochemical changesDopaminergic functionA9 regionSaline controlsIntravenous modelPerinatal lossAdult offspringIntermittent footshockImmediate early genesCognitive deficitsNeuronal systemsBehavioral effectsCell groupsGlial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (GDNF) Gene Delivery Protects Dopaminergic Terminals from Degeneration
Connor B, Kozlowski D, Unnerstall J, Elsworth J, Tillerson J, Schallert T, Bohn M. Glial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (GDNF) Gene Delivery Protects Dopaminergic Terminals from Degeneration. Experimental Neurology 2001, 169: 83-95. PMID: 11312561, DOI: 10.1006/exnr.2001.7638.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAgingAnimalsAutoradiographyCarrier ProteinsCocaineCorpus StriatumDisease Models, AnimalDopamineDopamine Plasma Membrane Transport ProteinsGenetic TherapyGenetic VectorsGlial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic FactorMaleMembrane GlycoproteinsMembrane Transport ProteinsMicroinjectionsMotor ActivityNerve Growth FactorsNerve Tissue ProteinsNeuronsNeurotransmitter AgentsOxidopamineParkinson Disease, SecondaryPresynaptic TerminalsRatsRats, Inbred F344RNA, MessengerSubstantia NigraTyrosine 3-MonooxygenaseConceptsGlial cell line-derived neurotrophic factorGDNF gene deliverySubstantia nigraDA terminalsDA neuronsNeuronal sproutingGlial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) gene deliveryAmphetamine-induced rotational asymmetryLine-derived neurotrophic factorUnilateral intrastriatal injectionAged rat brainDopaminergic neuronal functionTyrosine hydroxylase mRNADA transporter ligandsNigrostriatal functionStriatal injectionAxonal sproutingDopaminergic terminalsIntrastriatal injectionStriatal denervationDenervated striatumWeeks postlesionNeurotrophic factorNigrostriatal axonsPartial lesionsNicotine Receptor Inactivation Decreases Sensitivity to Cocaine
Zachariou V, Caldarone B, Weathers-Lowin A, George T, Elsworth J, Roth R, Changeux J, Picciotto M. Nicotine Receptor Inactivation Decreases Sensitivity to Cocaine. Neuropsychopharmacology 2001, 24: 576-589. PMID: 11282258, DOI: 10.1016/s0893-133x(00)00224-4.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsPlace preferenceDA turnoverLow doseHigh-affinity nicotinic acetylcholine receptorsMesolimbic DA systemHigh-affinity nAChRsNicotinic antagonist mecamylamineWild-type miceMesolimbic dopamine systemFos-related antigensProperties of nicotineCocaine place preferenceΒ2 subunitNicotinic acetylcholine receptorsAntagonist mecamylamineDA releaseMetabolite DOPACNeurochemical changesSubthreshold doseType miceDopamine systemPsychomotor stimulantsAcetylcholine receptorsHigh dosesBrain regions
2000
Estrogen Is Essential for Maintaining Nigrostriatal Dopamine Neurons in Primates: Implications for Parkinson's Disease and Memory
Leranth C, Roth R, Elsworth J, Naftolin F, Horvath T, Redmond D. Estrogen Is Essential for Maintaining Nigrostriatal Dopamine Neurons in Primates: Implications for Parkinson's Disease and Memory. Journal Of Neuroscience 2000, 20: 8604-8609. PMID: 11102464, PMCID: PMC6773080, DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.20-23-08604.2000.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsNigrostriatal dopamine neuronsDopamine neuronsParkinson's diseaseSubstantia nigraDopamine cellsTyrosine hydroxylase-expressing neuronsTyrosine hydroxylase-immunoreactive cellsNigral dopamine systemsEstrogen replacement therapyNew treatment strategiesUnbiased stereological analysisTypes of neuronsProgression of diseaseEstrogen replacementPostmenopausal womenEstrogen deprivationReplacement therapyTreatment strategiesCompact zoneGonadal hormonesLong-term effectsDopamine systemEstrogenDiseaseNeuronsTMT, a predator odor, elevates mesoprefrontal dopamine metabolic activity and disrupts short-term working memory in the rat
Morrow B, Roth R, Elsworth J. TMT, a predator odor, elevates mesoprefrontal dopamine metabolic activity and disrupts short-term working memory in the rat. Brain Research Bulletin 2000, 52: 519-523. PMID: 10974491, DOI: 10.1016/s0361-9230(00)00290-2.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsMedial prefrontal cortexPrefrontal cortexExploratory behaviorSample taskFamiliar objectsNovel objectsMesoprefrontal dopamine neuronsTrimethylthiazolineMemoryPsychological stressTMT exposureObject recognition methodPredator odorSet of objectsCortexElevated serum corticosteroneDopaminergic inputDopaminergic activityBrief exposureDopaminergic innervationSerum corticosteroneDopamine neuronsDopamine metabolismObjectsRecognition methodThe predator odor, TMT, displays a unique, stress-like pattern of dopaminergic and endocrinological activation in the rat
Morrow B, Redmond A, Roth R, Elsworth J. The predator odor, TMT, displays a unique, stress-like pattern of dopaminergic and endocrinological activation in the rat. Brain Research 2000, 864: 146-151. PMID: 10793199, DOI: 10.1016/s0006-8993(00)02174-0.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsDopamine metabolismSerum corticosteroneAcute exposureCentral dopamine metabolismNucleus accumbens coreMedial prefrontal cortexFear-inducing behaviorPredator odorCentral effectsAccumbens coreRatsStressful stimuliPrefrontal cortexConditioned fearAltered behaviorControl odorAversive stimuliCorticosteroneMetabolismOpen fieldBiochemical activationUnique patternExposureActivationTMTDivergent effects of putative anxiolytics on stress‐induced Fos expression in the mesoprefrontal system of the rat
Morrow B, Elsworth J, Lee E, Roth R. Divergent effects of putative anxiolytics on stress‐induced Fos expression in the mesoprefrontal system of the rat. Synapse 2000, 36: 143-154. PMID: 10767061, DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1098-2396(200005)36:2<143::aid-syn7>3.0.co;2-h.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsVentral tegmental areaFos-LITegmental areaMedial prefrontal cortexPutative anxiolyticsBenzodiazepine agonistsStress-induced Fos-like immunoreactivityPartial agonistStress-induced Fos expressionGlycine/NMDA receptorPrefrontal cortexMesoprefrontal dopamine neuronsPutative anxiolytic agentsTH-LI cellsSaline-treated ratsFos-like immunoreactivityAnxiolytic-like actionFos-LI nucleiWeak partial agonistStress-induced increaseFear-inducing behaviorFootshock paradigmAlpha2 agonistsStress-induced activationDopaminergic neurons
1999
Striatal dopaminergic correlates of stable parkinsonism and degree of recovery in old-world primates one year after MPTP treatment
Elsworth J, Taylor J, Sladek J, Collier T, Redmond D, Roth R. Striatal dopaminergic correlates of stable parkinsonism and degree of recovery in old-world primates one year after MPTP treatment. Neuroscience 1999, 95: 399-408. PMID: 10658619, DOI: 10.1016/s0306-4522(99)00437-6.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsHomovanillic acid/dopamine ratioMPTP treatmentStriatal dopamine levelsDopamine levelsDopamine lossDopamine depletionDopamine ratioStriatal subregionsNucleus accumbensCaudate nucleusDopamine concentrationsOne-yearSeverity categoriesDopamine neuron integrityVentromedial caudate nucleusStriatal dopamine lossHomovanillic acid concentrationsStriatal dopaminergic functionMarked increaseNormal motor performancePaucity of dataMetabolic activityNon-human primatesParkinsonian disabilityTetrahydropyridine (MPTP) modelSpontaneous Blink Rates Correlate with Dopamine Levels in the Caudate Nucleus of MPTP-Treated Monkeys
Taylor J, Elsworth J, Lawrence M, Sladek J, Roth R, Redmond D. Spontaneous Blink Rates Correlate with Dopamine Levels in the Caudate Nucleus of MPTP-Treated Monkeys. Experimental Neurology 1999, 158: 214-220. PMID: 10448434, DOI: 10.1006/exnr.1999.7093.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsCaudate nucleusConcentration of DAEye blink rateBlink rateDA ratioDopaminergic regulationD1 agonist dihydrexidineDA D2 receptorsDopaminergic neurotoxin MPTPSeverity of parkinsonismSpontaneous eye blink rateSpecific brain regionsAntiparkinsonian effectsDA depletionD2 agonistDopamine D1Dopamine levelsNeurotoxin MPTPD2 receptorsMPTPNormal animalsRostral portionSubcortical regionsBrain regionsVentromedial regionAn Antisense Oligonucleotide Reverses the Footshock-Induced Expression of Fos in the Rat Medial Prefrontal Cortex and the Subsequent Expression of Conditioned Fear-Induced Immobility
Morrow B, Elsworth J, Inglis F, Roth R. An Antisense Oligonucleotide Reverses the Footshock-Induced Expression of Fos in the Rat Medial Prefrontal Cortex and the Subsequent Expression of Conditioned Fear-Induced Immobility. Journal Of Neuroscience 1999, 19: 5666-5673. PMID: 10377372, PMCID: PMC6782327, DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.19-13-05666.1999.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchThe role of mesoprefrontal dopamine neurons in the acquisition and expression of conditioned fear in the rat
Morrow B, Elsworth J, Rasmusson A, Roth R. The role of mesoprefrontal dopamine neurons in the acquisition and expression of conditioned fear in the rat. Neuroscience 1999, 92: 553-564. PMID: 10408604, DOI: 10.1016/s0306-4522(99)00014-7.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsFear conditioningMesoprefrontal dopamine neuronsClassical fear conditioningMedial prefrontal cortexDopamine neuronsFear responsesConditioned fearPrefrontal cortexFearful behaviorNormal extinctionConditioned responsePsychological stressorsRate of extinctionStress-related changesSham-lesioned ratsConditioningFearAcquisition periodDopamine metabolismNucleus accumbensDopamine levelsAcquisitionRatsNeuronsLesionsAltered frontal cortical dopaminergic transmission in monkeys after subchronic phencyclidine exposure: involvement in frontostriatal cognitive deficits
Jentsch J, Taylor J, Elsworth J, Redmond D, Roth R. Altered frontal cortical dopaminergic transmission in monkeys after subchronic phencyclidine exposure: involvement in frontostriatal cognitive deficits. Neuroscience 1999, 90: 823-832. PMID: 10218783, DOI: 10.1016/s0306-4522(98)00481-3.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsCognitive deficitsSubchronic phencyclidine administrationDorsolateral prefrontal cortexFrontal cortexCortical dopamine transmissionReduced dopaminergic functionFrontostriatal functionDetour taskCognitive performanceDopamine utilizationPhencyclidine exposurePrefrontal cortexPerformance impairmentPrelimbic cortexBrain regionsCognitive dysfunctionCortical impairmentCortical regionsCognitive impairmentDopaminergic functionPhencyclidine administrationDopamine transmissionSpecific subregionsCortexPsychotomimetic drug phencyclidineBiochemical and behavioral anxiolytic-like effects of R(+)HA-966 at the level of the ventral tegmental area in rats
Morrow B, Elsworth J, Zito C, Roth R. Biochemical and behavioral anxiolytic-like effects of R(+)HA-966 at the level of the ventral tegmental area in rats. Psychopharmacology 1999, 143: 227-234. PMID: 10353424, DOI: 10.1007/s002130050941.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsVentral tegmental areaHA-966Expression sessionsIntra-VTADopamine metabolismTegmental areaGlycine/NMDA receptor complexPrefrontal cortexMesoprefrontal dopamine neuronsAnxiolytic-like effectsAnxiolytic-like actionDopamine cell bodiesNMDA receptor complexWeak partial agonistMedial prefrontal cortexStress-induced activationCannula implantationDopamine neuronsControl ratsLocal injectionPartial agonistRatsCell bodiesPsychological stressorsStress-induced changesDopamine D4 receptor antagonist reversal of subchronic phencyclidine-induced object retrieval/detour deficits in monkeys
Jentsch J, Taylor J, Redmond Jr D, Elsworth J, Youngren K, Roth R. Dopamine D4 receptor antagonist reversal of subchronic phencyclidine-induced object retrieval/detour deficits in monkeys. Psychopharmacology 1999, 142: 78-84. PMID: 10102786, DOI: 10.1007/s002130050865.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsFrontostriatal systemCognitive functionPrefrontal cortexObject retrieval taskRegulation of cognitionPrimate prefrontal cortexD4 dopamine receptorsNormal control monkeysDR antagonistsCognitive processesDetour taskCognitive deficitsPerformance impairmentBrain regionsCognitive dysfunctionRetrieval tasksFrontal cortexTaskCortexCortical dopaminergicDeficitsDopaminergic systemAntagonist reversalControl subjectsDopamine receptors
1998
A comparison of the effects of clonidine and CNQX infusion into the locus coeruleus and the amygdala on naloxone-precipitated opiate withdrawal in the rat
Taylor J, Punch L, Elsworth J. A comparison of the effects of clonidine and CNQX infusion into the locus coeruleus and the amygdala on naloxone-precipitated opiate withdrawal in the rat. Psychopharmacology 1998, 138: 133-142. PMID: 9718282, DOI: 10.1007/s002130050655.Peer-Reviewed Original Research