1999
Pneumococcal vaccines: history, current status, and future directions
Butler J, Shapiro E, Carlone G. Pneumococcal vaccines: history, current status, and future directions. The American Journal Of Medicine 1999, 107: 69-76. PMID: 10451012, DOI: 10.1016/s0002-9343(99)00105-9.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsPneumococcal polysaccharide vaccinePolysaccharide vaccinePneumococcal infectionCertain underlying medical conditionsSerious pneumococcal diseaseCommunity-acquired pneumoniaPneumococcal conjugate vaccineUnderlying medical conditionsAnti-pneumococcal antibodiesLarger efficacy trialPrevention of infectionDrug-resistant strainsImmunocompetent childrenPneumococcal diseasePneumococcal vaccineBacterial meningitisConjugate vaccineCase fatalityDNA vaccineInvasive infectionsPneumococcal polysaccharideEfficacy trialsImmune responseMedical conditionsHigh risk
1998
Effectiveness of pneumococcal vaccine
Butler J, Spika J, Nichol K, Shapiro E, Breinan R. Effectiveness of pneumococcal vaccine. The Lancet 1998, 351: 1961. PMID: 9654289, DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(05)78647-5.Peer-Reviewed Original Research
1991
The Protective Efficacy of Polyvalent Pneumococcal Polysaccharide Vaccine
Shapiro E, Berg A, Austrian R, Schroeder D, Parcells V, Margolis A, Adair R, Clemens J. The Protective Efficacy of Polyvalent Pneumococcal Polysaccharide Vaccine. New England Journal Of Medicine 1991, 325: 1453-1460. PMID: 1944423, DOI: 10.1056/nejm199111213252101.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsInvasive pneumococcal infectionsPneumococcal polysaccharide vaccinePneumococcal vaccineProtective efficacyPneumococcal infectionCase patientsImmunocompetent patientsPolysaccharide vaccineVaccination historyHospital-based case-control studyPolyvalent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccineSerious pneumococcal infectionsSite of hospitalizationVaccine protective efficacyPolyvalent pneumococcal vaccineCase-control studyProspective surveillanceRandomized trialsSterile sitesPatientsS. pneumoniaeMedical careStreptococcus pneumoniaeVaccineInfection
1990
New Vaccines Against Haemophilus Influenzae Type b
Shapiro E. New Vaccines Against Haemophilus Influenzae Type b. Pediatric Clinics Of North America 1990, 37: 567-583. PMID: 2190140, DOI: 10.1016/s0031-3955(16)36905-x.Peer-Reviewed Reviews, Practice Guidelines, Standards, and Consensus StatementsProtective efficacy of Haemophilus influenzae type b polysaccharide vaccine.
Shapiro E, Berg A. Protective efficacy of Haemophilus influenzae type b polysaccharide vaccine. Pediatrics 1990, 85: 643-7. PMID: 2179854, DOI: 10.1542/peds.85.4.643.Peer-Reviewed Reviews, Practice Guidelines, Standards, and Consensus StatementsConceptsType b polysaccharide vaccineH influenzae type b polysaccharide vaccineHaemophilus influenzae type b polysaccharide vaccinePolysaccharide vaccineProtective efficacyMonths of ageVaccine failureInvasive diseaseH influenzae type b.Immunization Practices Advisory CommitteeH influenzae type bVaccine protective efficacyRandomized clinical trialsInfluenzae type bAvailable epidemiologic dataNormal serum concentrationsYears of ageTotal immunoglobulinSerum concentrationsImmune deficiencyClinical trialsEpidemiologic dataHemolytic complementVaccineChildren 18
1989
Acute inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (Guillain-Barré syndrome) after immunization with Haemophilus influenzae type b conjugate vaccine
D'Cruz O, Shapiro E, Spiegelman K, Leicher C, Breningstall G, Khatri B, Dobyns W. Acute inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (Guillain-Barré syndrome) after immunization with Haemophilus influenzae type b conjugate vaccine. The Journal Of Pediatrics 1989, 115: 743-746. PMID: 2809907, DOI: 10.1016/s0022-3476(89)80653-5.Peer-Reviewed Original Research
1984
Resolving the Pneumococcal Vaccine Controversy: Are There Alternatives to Randomized Clinical Trials?
Clemens J, Shapiro E. Resolving the Pneumococcal Vaccine Controversy: Are There Alternatives to Randomized Clinical Trials? Clinical Infectious Diseases 1984, 6: 589-600. PMID: 6390636, DOI: 10.1093/clinids/6.5.589.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchA controlled evaluation of the protective efficacy of pneumococcal vaccine for patients at high risk of serious pneumococcal infections.
Shapiro E, Clemens J. A controlled evaluation of the protective efficacy of pneumococcal vaccine for patients at high risk of serious pneumococcal infections. Annals Of Internal Medicine 1984, 101: 325-30. PMID: 6380367, DOI: 10.7326/0003-4819-101-3-325.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsIncreased risk of pneumococcal infectionRisk of pneumococcal infectionEfficacy of pneumococcal vaccineSystemic pneumococcal infectionPneumococcal infectionPneumococcal vaccineVaccine protective efficacyIncreased riskProtective efficacyCase-control studyOdds ratioVaccine efficacyHigh riskMatched controlsPatientsInfectionConfounding variablesEfficacyVaccine